Homework1: Introduction to telecommunication Switching

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who demonstrated the telephone set in 1876?
o A) Thomas Edison
o B) Alexander Graham Bell
o C) Guglielmo Marconi
o D) Samuel Morse
2. What is the first technological development in modern telecommunications?
o A) Telephone
o B) Telegraph
o C) Radio
o D) Optical Signals
3. What does SPC stand for in switching systems?
o A) Special Program Control
o B) Stored Program Control
o C) Standard Program Control
o D) Simple Program Control
4. What is the primary function of a switching system?
o A) To store data
o B) To establish an electrical path between inlets and outlets
o C) To encrypt communications
o D) To monitor network traffic
5. What unit is used to measure traffic intensity?
o A) Volt
o B) Watt
o C) Erlang
o D) Decibel
6. What type of switch supports connections only between subscribers without
interexchange transmission?
o A) Transit Switch
 o B) Nonfolded Switch
o C) Folded Switch
o D) Symmetric Switch
7. What is the main challenge when designing a blocking switch?
o A) Ensuring full connectivity
o B) Minimizing the number of inlets
o C) Managing high traffic loads
o D) Reducing physical size
8. What type of signalling is used for communication between two exchanges?
A. Subscriber loop signalling
B. Inchannel signalling
C. Interexchange signalling
D. Network wide signalling
9. What is the primary function of the switching structure in a switching system?
o A) To manage billing information
o B) To establish communication paths between inlets and outlets
o C) To provide voice clarity
o D) To store call records
10.Which component is responsible for initiating actions like sending a dial tone
when a subscriber goes off-hook?
o A) Signalling Subsystem
o B) Control Subsystem
o C) Switching Structure
o D) Operator Console

11. In the context of signalling, what does CCS stand for?

o A) Centralized Control System
o B) Common Channel Signalling
o C) Complete Communication System
D) Core Connection Service
12. What is the term for the component that allows interaction with the switching
system for maintenance purposes?
 o A) Switching Matrix
o B) Operator Console
o C) Signalling Unit
o D) Control Panel

13. Which signalling system is used for value-added services in modern

telecommunication networks?
A) Inchannel Signalling
B) Common Channel Signalling (CCS)
C) Loop Signalling
D) Interexchange Signalling

14. What does the term "full availability" refer to in a switching system?
A) The ability to handle all types of calls
B) Ensuring at least one path exists between any inlet/outlet pair
C) The maximum number of simultaneous calls
D) The functionality to connect multiple subscribers

15. What organization is responsible for international telecommunications

standardization?
A) International Standards Organization (ISO)
B) International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
C) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
D) European Telecom Standards Institute (ETSI)

16. Which ITU sector is responsible for the standardization of telecommunications?

A) ITU-R
B) ITU-D
C) ITU-T
D) ITU-TS
17. How often is the plenipotentiary conference of the ITU held?
A) Annually
B) Every two years
C) Every five years
D) Every ten years
18. What is the primary function of the Telecommunications Development Bureau
(BDT)?
a. A) To manage the frequency spectrum
b. B) To promote telecommunications in developing countries
c. C) To define tariff principles
d. D) To oversee network operation standards
19. Which series of ITU-T standards pertains to switching and signalling?
a. A) A-Series
b. B) Q-Series
c. C) G-Series
d. D) F-Series
20. What does the abbreviation RFC stand for in the context of Internet standards?
a. A) Request For Comment
b. B) Reform For Communication
c. C) Regulatory Framework for Communications
d. D) Review For Conformance
21. Which organization is primarily involved in the standardization of data
networks?
A) International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
B) International Standards Organization (ISO)
C) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
D) All of the above
22. What unit is named in honor of Alexander Graham Bell?
A) Watt
B) Volt
C) Bel
 D) Decibel

23. What does a negative decibel value indicate?

A) Power gain
B) Power loss
C) Constant power
D) Noise interference
24. What is the smaller unit derived from the Bel?
A) Millibel
B) Decibel
C) Microbel
D) Centibel
25. In a communication system, what is expressed in dBm?
A) Power relative to one watt
B) Power relative to one milliwatt
C) Voltage relative to one volt
D) Resistance relative to one ohm
26. Using Ohm's law, power can be expressed in terms of which two quantities?
A) Voltage and resistance
B) Voltage and current
C) Current and resistance
D) Frequency and voltage

Problem 1: Power Loss Calculation

Problem:
In a communication system, the power at the transmitting end (P1) is 100 mW, and
the power at the receiving end (P2) is 10 mW. Calculate the power loss in decibels
(dB).
Problem 2: Gain Calculation
Problem:
A signal amplifier increases the power from 5 mW (P1) to 20 mW (P2). Calculate the
gain in decibels (dB).

Problem 3:
In a transmission line, the voltage at point A is 2 V, and the voltage at point B is 8 V.
Assuming the resistance is constant, calculate the power ratio in decibels (dB).

Problem 4: dBm Calculation

Problem:
A signal has a power level of 0.5 mW. Express this power level in dBm.

Problem 5: Total Power Loss in Series Elements

Problem:
Consider a communication system with three elements in series. The power levels are
as follows: P1 = 50 mW, P2 = 20 mW, and P3 = 5 mW. Calculate the total power loss
in decibels from P1 to P3.