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البندولل 241005 143310366

This document presents an experiment investigating the relationship between the length of a simple pendulum and its period of oscillation. The objective is to validate the theoretical formula for the period of a pendulum by measuring the time taken for various lengths. Results indicate a direct relationship between pendulum length and period, supporting the theoretical model while acknowledging potential sources of error.

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عبد الرحمن حنظل
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18 views7 pages

البندولل 241005 143310366

This document presents an experiment investigating the relationship between the length of a simple pendulum and its period of oscillation. The objective is to validate the theoretical formula for the period of a pendulum by measuring the time taken for various lengths. Results indicate a direct relationship between pendulum length and period, supporting the theoretical model while acknowledging potential sources of error.

Uploaded by

عبد الرحمن حنظل
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Table of contents

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................2
Objective..............................................................................................................................................2
Tools.....................................................................................................................................................2
Advantages........................................................................................................................................3

Procedure............................................................................................................................................4
Results.................................................................................................................................................5
Calculations.........................................................................................................................................6
Discussion...........................................................................................................................................7
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................7
Recommendations..............................................................................................................................7

Table of tables
Table 1: Resultsq.........................................................................................................................................5

1
2
Introduction
A simple pendulum is a mass (the bob) attached to a string or rod that swings
back and forth under the influence of gravity. This experiment investigates the
relationship between the length of the pendulum and its period of oscillation,
providing insight into the principles of harmonic motion.

Objective of the Experiment


The objective of this experiment is to determine how the length of a pendulum
affects its period. By varying the length and measuring the time taken for a set
number of oscillations, we aim to validate the theoretical relationship defined
by the formula for the period of a simple pendulum.

Laws Used in the Experiment


3
1. **Newton's Second Law of Motion**: This law explains how the forces
acting on the pendulum influence its motion.
2. **Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)**: The motion of a pendulum can be
approximated as SHM for small angles, where the restoring force is
proportional to the displacement.
3. **Period Formula**: The period T of a simple pendulum is given by:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where L is the length of the pendulum and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

Advantages:

A/. Simplicity of design: easy to implement and understand its components

B/. Measurement accuracy: It is considered a very accurate tool for measuring time in

laboratory systems

D/. Educational: Each educational tool is used to explain important physics concepts such as
circular motion and conservation of momentum

E/. Stability of movements: Provides .repetitive and stable rotational movements

4
. Accounts
During the experiment, we carefully measured the length of the pendulum and
recorded the time taken for a specific number of oscillations using a stopwatch.
Multiple trials were conducted for each length to ensure accuracy and reliability.

L(m) T10 (s) T (s) T^2 (s)

10 7.02 0.702 0.892,804


15 7.87 0.787 0.619,369
20 9.12 0.912 0.813,744
25 10.03 1.003 1.006,009
30 11.14 1.114 1.240,996
35 11.99 1.119 1.437,601
40 12.98 1.298 1.684,804
45 13.90 1.39 1.932,1
50 14.62 1.462 2.137,444
55 15.26 1.526 2.328,676
60 16.13 1.613 2.601,769
65 16.44 1.644 2.702,736
70 17.41 1.741 3.031,051
75 17.94 1.794 3.218,436
80 18.60 1.86 3.4596

5
Example Chart Description
A line graph plotting the length of the pendulum (x-axis) against the average
period (y-axis) shows a clear trend indicating that as the length increases, so does
the period.

6
Discussion
The results indicate a direct relationship between the length of the pendulum and
its period, consistent with the theoretical formula:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where T is the period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the


acceleration due to gravity. The experimental data supports this relationship,
demonstrating that longer pendulums oscillate more slowly.

Errors and Accounts


Several sources of error may have influenced our results:
- **Timing Errors**: Human reaction time when starting/stopping the stopwatch.
- **Air Resistance**: Although minimal, it could affect pendulum motion.
- **Measurement Errors**: Inaccuracies in measuring the length of
the pendulum.
- **Angle of Release**: Larger angles deviate from simple harmonic
motion assumptions.

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