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This lab report focuses on studying the behavior of second-order systems using the MS15 module, emphasizing the analysis and design of such systems and the application of PID controllers. The experiment involves setting up the system, applying a step input, measuring the response, and calculating key parameters like damping factor and natural frequency. The findings enhance understanding of second-order systems and their relevance in various applications, including control systems design and robotics.

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3 views3 pages

Document 15

This lab report focuses on studying the behavior of second-order systems using the MS15 module, emphasizing the analysis and design of such systems and the application of PID controllers. The experiment involves setting up the system, applying a step input, measuring the response, and calculating key parameters like damping factor and natural frequency. The findings enhance understanding of second-order systems and their relevance in various applications, including control systems design and robotics.

Uploaded by

moeez786amir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab report 6:

Study the Behavior of 2nd Order System using MS15 Module

Introduction:
In control systems, understanding the behavior of second-order systems is crucial for designing
and optimizing control systems. A second-order system exhibits a wide range of responses that
must be equally analyzed and described. Changes in the parameters of a second-order system can
change the form of the response. This laboratory manual focuses on the analysis and design of
second-order systems, including the use of PID controllers. The manual covers key concepts
such as setting time, peak time, rise time, decay time, and steady-state error. Additionally, it
explores the relationships between damping factor, natural frequency, and overshoot. By the end
of this laboratory exercise, students will have a deeper understanding of second-order systems
and their applications in control systems.

Objective:
1. To understand the behavior of 2nd order system.
2. Damped and natural frequencies.
3. PID controllers.

Measurements:

Experiment Setup

The experiment setup consists of the MS15 module, AS3 command potentiometer, Control
Laboratory Input/output Interface (CLIO), power supply, connecting leads, and Virtual Control
Laboratory (VCL) software. The MS15 module is connected to the CLIO interface, which is then
connected to the power supply. The AS3 command potentiometer is connected to the MS15
module.

Configuring the VCL Software

The VCL software is configured to communicate with the CLIO interface. The software is set up
to display the output response of the system. The settings for the signal generator, graph, and
potentiometer are configured according to Table 6.1.
Setting the Gain

The gain of the system is set using the AS3 command potentiometer. The gain is initially set to
1.5 and the velocity gain is set to 0.

Applying a Step Input

A step input is applied to the system using the VCL software. This causes the system to respond
to the input.

Measuring the Response

The response of the system is observed on the VCL software. The steady-state output change and
the peak output change are measured using the time markers. The overshoot is calculated from
these measurements.

Calculating the Damping Factor and Natural Frequency

The damping factor (ζ) is calculated from the overshoot measurement. The damping frequency
(ωd) is calculated from the time to the first peak (Tp). The natural frequency (ωn) is calculated
from the damping frequency and damping factor.

Recording the Results

The measured values of gain, overshoot, damping factor, damping frequency, and natural
frequency are recorded in Table 6.2.

Comparing with Calculated Values

The calculated values of damping factor and natural frequency are obtained using the model
obtained from previous experiments. These values are recorded in Table 6.3 and compared with
the measured values.

Issue:

We do not face aby issue.

CONCLUSION:

We observed the waveform of a second order differential equation and observed its response.
From the steady-state response we found the time response. Poles and zeros of a transfer function
can be used to determine the time response of a control system. We also observed the natural and
damping frequencies of the system.

Applications:
• Control Systems Design:
• Robotics and Mechatronics
• Process Control
• Medical Devices

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