1) Where are the cell bodies of the axons in ventral and dorsal roots?

a) Ventral and dorsal root cell bodies are in the gray matter of the cord.
b) Ventral root cell bodies are in the gray matter of the spinal cord and dorsal
root cell bodies are in ganglia.
c) Ventral root cell bodies are in ganglia and dorsal root cell bodies are in the
gray matter of the spinal cord.
d) Ventral and dorsal root cell bodies are in the ganglia
e) Ventral and dorsal root cell bodies are in ganglia, (clusters of cell bodies
outside the CNS)

2) A 39 year old woman was evaluated for gait difficulties. Upon examination, it is
found that her ability to walk along a straight line touching the heel of one foot to
the toe of the other is impaired. What is the most common diagnosis?
a) Parietal lobe damage
b) Temporal lobe damage
c) Cerebellar dysfunction
d) Frontal lobe damage
e) Dysesthesias in the feet

3) What is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage?

a) Rupture of an aneurysm
b) Lesion in a nerve
c) Bleeding from a glioblastoma
d) Brain trauma
e) Bleeding from ischemic stroke

4) Which of the following is an example of extrapyramidal pathway disorder?

a) Dementia
b) Transient Ischemic Attack
c) Parkinson’s disease
d) Huntington’s disease
e) Intraventricular damage

5) Parkinson disease is a neurological disease that affect movement. The most

common neuropathological feature of this disease is?
a) Loss of cerebellar function
b) Loss of hypothalamic function
c) Loss of serotonergic pathway to the frontal lobe
d) Damage to the Spinothalamic pathway
e) Loss of striatal dopamine pathway to the Neostriatum and the Globus
Pallidus

6) The most damaged region in apraxia is?

a) Right temporal lobe lesion
b) Left frontal and parietal lobes lesions
c) Lesion in the left temporal lobe
d) Lesion in the frontal lobe
e) Right frontal and parietal lobes lesions

7) Muscle wasting develops with a disease in?

 a) Lower motor neuron
b) Occipital lobe
c) Upper motor neuron
d) Cerebellar
e) Caudate nucleus

8) The inability to walk in a straight line is due to?

a) Occipital lobe damage
b) Parietal lobe damage
c) Cerebellar dysfunction
d) Posterior horn lesion
e) Frontal love damage

9) An inflammation in __________ causes multiple sclerosis symptoms.

a) Myelin
b) Muscle
c) Tendon
d) Erythrocyte
e) Ligaments

10) Myasthenia Gravis is associated with?

a) Smooth muscles antibodies
b) Ulcerative colitis
c) Presynaptic antibodies
d) Skeletal muscles antibodies
e) Other autoimmune diseases

11) Medication that extend the life expectancy of an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
patient is?
a) Riluzole
b) Anti- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
c) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis repellent
d) Dimethyl fumarate
e) Benzodiazepines

12) Which of the following is incorrect about tremors?

A) Postural tremor results from a lesion affecting the superior cerebellar peduncle.

B) Physiologic tremor may be enhanced by fear or anxiety.

C) Intension (kinetic) tremor occurs during activity.
D) The most common type of abnormal postural tremor is benign essential tremor.
E) Rest tremor usually has a frequency of 4 to 6 Hz.

12) Which of the following are correct about motor neuron disease in adults?
1. Motor neuron disease in adults generally begins between the ages of 30 and 60
years.
 2. Involvement of microglia and astrocytes do not influence the subsequent rate of
progression.
3. The production of large amounts of mutant SOD1 may overwhelm the ability of the
proteasome to perform its normal function.
A) 1,2
B) 2,3
C) 1,3
D) 1,2,3
E) None of them

14) Which of the following is incorrect about motor neuron disease in adults?
A) Progressive bulbar palsy is predominant bulbar involvement from lesions
affecting the motor nuclei of cranial nerves in the brainstem.
B) A pseudobulbar palsy can occur only in motor neuron diseases.
C) In progressive spinal muscular atrophy, there is a lower motor neuron deficiency
primarily in the limbs, caused by anterior horn cell degeneration in the spinal cord.
D) Patients with primary lateral sclerosis have a complete upper motor neuron
deficiency in the extremities.
E) Both primary lateral sclerosis and progressive spinal muscular atrophy are
considered to be variants of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

15) Which of the following is correct?

A) Bulbar involvement is generally characterized by difficulty in walking and using hands.
B) The tongue is contracted and spastic in pseudobulbar palsy and cannot be moved rapidly from side to
side.
C) Limb involvement is not characterized by easy fatigability, weakness, stiffness, twitching, wasting,
and muscle cramps.
D) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia do not overlap pathologically.
E) Cervical spondylosis can not mimic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

16) Where does the lesion occur in patients with multiple sclerosis?
1. White and gray matter of the brain
2. Spinal cord
3. The optic (II) nerve
17) Which of the following are not modifiable risk factors for stroke?
A) systolic or diastolic hypertension
B) atrial fibrillation
C) diabetes
D) dyslipidemia
E) gender

18) Which of the following is incorrect about the stroke?

A) Brain edema is a determinant of stroke outcome.
B)The underlying pathological process in stroke cannot be ischemia or bleeding.
C) In ischemic stroke, occlusion of a blood vessel interrupts the flow of blood to a
specific region of the brain.
D) Strokes begin abruptly
E) Embolism produces stroke when cerebral arteries are occluded by the distal
passage of thrombus from the heart, aortic arch, or large cerebral arteries.

19) _____________ is an individual’s awareness of self and surroundings. Which word

should the blank be filled in?
A) Syncope
B) Narcolepsy
C) Consciousness
D) Sleep apneoa
E) Epilepsy

20) Which of the following is correct?

A) Damage to the dominant parietal lobe may result in dyspraxia.
B) Patients with right-sided hemisphere lesions are often able to dress properly.

C) Mutism is when the speech output is completely successful.

D) Dyspraxia is the ability to perform complex motor actions through normal muscle
strength, sensation and coordination, and good understanding and cooperation.
E) Non-dominant parietal lesions are unlikely to affect the ability to reproduce
particularly complex shape.

22) Which of the following is incorrect?

1. Sympathetic nervous system increases blood pressure and heart rate.
2. Parasympathetic nervous system decreases digestion.
3. Sympathetic nervous system increases peristalsis.
 4. Parasympathetic nervous system decreases sweating.
A) 1,2
B) 2,3
C) 1,3
D) 1,4
E) 2,4

23) The correct scientific term that describes the inability to perform
complex motor acts despite normal muscle power, sensation and
coordination, and good comprehension and cooperation is:

a) Dyspraxia
b) Mutism
c) Dysphasia
d) Amnesia

24) Voluntary activity is observed with regard to its …….. and …….

a) Range, Reflexes
b) Accuracy, Gait
c) Accuracy, Range
d) Velocity, Reflexes

25) The pyramidal system consists of upper motor neuron fibers that:

a) traverse the internal capsule

b) descend from the interneurons
c) mostly decussate, to descend in the cerebral (motor) cortex
d) traverse the medullary pyramid

26) Patients with motor deficits generally complain of:

a) difficulty in sensory motors

b) impaired muscular control
c) Fatigue
d) Infective
27) Involvement of the muscles supplied by the cranial nerves may
lead to;

a) difficulty in chewing (trigeminal [V] nerve)

b) difficulty in swallowing (glossopharyngeal [III] nerve)
c) diplopia (oculomotor [II] nerve)
d) grimacing (facial [IV] nerve)

28) Weakness of both legs is a correct definition of:

a) Monoplegia
b) Monopoiesis
c) Paraparesis
d) Quadriplegia

29) Abnormal movements can be classified as;

a) Tremor
b) Globus pallidus
c) substantia nigra
d) putamen

30) Rest tremor usually has a frequency of …… to ……. Hz:

a) 5-8
b) 10-16
c) 8-9
d) 4-6

31) If treatment is warranted to reduce tremor amplitude, we use:

a) Propranolol
b) metoclopramide
c) phenothiazine
d) tetrabenazine

32) Posterior circulation strokes produce symptoms and signs of

brainstem or cerebellar dysfunction or both such as:
 a) Agnosia
b) Ataxia
c) Apraxia
d) Aphasia

33) Which following cell group form myelin sheath?

a. Oligodendrocytes-Schwann
b. Astrocytes-Schwann
c. Microglial-satellite
d. Ependymal-satellite
e. Astrocytes-satellite

I. Cerebral cortex
II. Basal ganglia
III. Brainstem
IV. Spinal cord
34) Which of above structures is can be potential sites of neurological diseases?
a. Only I
b. Only II
c. I and II
d. I, II and III
e. All above

35) _________ is loss of consciousness caused by a transient reduction in blood flow to the
brain. Which following disease is fill the blank?
a. Locked-in Syndrome
b. Epilepsy
c. Syncope
d. Obstructive sleep apnoea
e. Narcolepsy

36) Which following information defines episodic memory?

a. general store of World knowledge
b. recalling autobiographical details and other personally experienced events relating to
specific times
c. Acquisition of new material.
d. recall of previously learnt information
e. Working memory responsible for immediate recall of small amounts of verbal or
spatial material.

37) _______ is a disease that the patient deny disability of the left side of the body. Which
following disease can fill the blank?
a. Aphasia
 b. Dysphasia
c. Praxis
d. Neglect
e. Dementia

38) I. Rigidity—consists of increased resistance to passive movement that is independent of

the direction of the movement; that is, it affects agonist and antagonist muscle groups
equally.
II. Spasticity—consists of an increase in tone that affects different muscle groups to
different extents.
III. Hypotonia (flaccidity) — the distal portion of the limb is easily waved to and fro
when the extremity is passively shaken.
Which of abovde informations are correct?
a. Only I
b. Only II
c. I and II
d. I, II and III
e. None of them
39) Which of the following definition belongs to Areflexia?
a. Apparent loss of the tendon reflexes may merely reflect a lack of clinical expertise by
the examiner.
b. Increased reflexes occur with upper motor neuron lesions, but they may also occur
with a symmetric distribution in certain healthy subjects and in patients under
emotional stress.
c. Although the intensity of reflex responses varies considerably among subjects,
reflexes should be symmetric in any individual.
d. Consists of a series of rhythmic reflex contractions of a muscle that is suddenly
subjected to sustained stretch.
e. Consists of a series of rhythmic reflex contractions of a muscle that is suddenly
subjected to sustained stretch.

40) Which of the following movements are abnormal movements?

a. tremor
b. chorea
c. ballismus
d. tics
e. All of them

41) I. Coma
II. Drop attacks
III. Vertigo
IV. Nausea and vomiting
 V. Cranial nerve palsies
VI. Ataxia
VII. Crossed sensorimotor deficits
Which of the above symptoms and signs belong to the brainstem or cerebellar
dysfunction or both?

a. I, II, III
b. II, III, V
c. III, IV, V, VI
d. IV, V, VI, VII
e. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII
42) Which of the following information is wrong?
a. Alemtuzumab, a lymphocyte inhibitor that also increases the risk of opportunistic
infection, is approved in Europe but not the United States; its role in treatment
remains undefined.
b. Plasmapheresis is sometimes helpful when patients have severe relapses that are
unresponsive to corticosteroids.
c. Interferons may cause a flu-like syndrome and (in the case of interferon β-1b)
injection site reactions.
d. Fatigue is a serious problem for many patients and sometimes responds to amantadine
or one of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants.
e. Glatiramer acetate is generally tolerated well but may produce erythema at injection
sites, and approximately 85% of patients experience transient episodes of flushing,
dyspnea, chest tightness, palpitations, and anxiety after injections
43) Which of the following is type of motor neuron disease?
a. Progressive bulbar palsy
b. Pseudobulbar palsy
c. Progressive spinal muscular atrophy
d. Primary lateral sclerosis
e. All of them
44)Hemiplegia, hemianesthesia & hemianopia develop together with disease in
the:
a. spinal cord
b. internal capsule
c. thalamus
d. brainstem
e. ganglion

45)The autonomic nervous system includes any of the following EXCEPT:

a. hypothalamus
b. paravertebral sympathetic trunk
c. vagal nerve
d. cerebral cortex
 e. ganglion
46)One of the most important functions of the autonomic nervous system is the
following:
a. regulation of homeostasis
b. voluntary movements
c. coordination of movements
d. involuntary movements
e. digestion control

47)The following symptoms may occur in optic nerve damage:

a. blindness
b. scotoma
c. depressed pupil reaction
d. exophthalmus
e. ptosis
48)The upper motor neuron impairment produces the following change of
muscles tone:
a. flaccidity
b. spasticity
c. “cog wheel” rigidity
d. Myoclonia
e. all of the above
49) Which of these is false about the Cerebellum?
a) Performs fine muscle control
b) Coordination and control voluntary muscle movement
c) Maintains balance and posture
d) Performs automatic functions such as breathing
e) Intoxication could cause cerebellar dysfunction
50) Which of these choices is incorrect?
a) Dyspraxia can be tested by asking the patient to copy gestures
b) Mutism is complete failure of speech output
c) Clinical test for neglect is fluency in speech
d) Aphasia is impairment of language function
e) The non-dominant hemisphere is responsible for visuo-spatial skills
51) In cortical dementia patients have :
I. Diminished memory
II. Impaired language
III. Personality and mood disturbance
IV. Disability in visuo-spatial function

Which of the above mentioned points are correct?

a) I,II,III
b) II,III,IV
c) I,II,IV
d) I,III
e) I,II,III,IV
52) An illness with a steadily progressive course suggests:
a) Vascular disturbance
b) Infection
c) Degeneration
d) Metabolic disturbance
e) Inflammation
53) Which of these movement disorders is described as the dancing gait?
a) Tremor
b) Ballismus
c) Myoclunus
d) Tics
e) Chorea
54) To which motor neuron disease do the following clinical findings belong to:
 Dropping of palate
 A depressed gag reflex
 A pool of saliva in the pharynx
 A weak cough
 A wasted and fasciculating tongue
a) Progressive spinal muscular atrophy
b) Pseudobulbar palsy
c) Progressive bulbar palsy
d) Primary lateral sclerosis
e) None of the above

55) Which of these movement disorders can be seen in Parkinson Disease?

a) Myoclonus
b) Ballismus
c) Tremor
d) Tics
e) Dystonia
56) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is caused by degeneration of:
a) Anterior horn cells in the spinal cord
b) Motor nuclei of the lower cranial nerves in the brainstem
c) Corticospinal pathways
d) Corticobulbar pathways
e) All the above
57) Progressive spinal muscular atrophy is cause by:
a) Motor nuclei of the lower cranial nerves in the brainstem lesion
b) Anterior horn cell degeneration in the spinal cord
c) Corticospinal pathways deficit
d) Corticobulbar pathways deficit
e) None of the above
58) Which of these is not a characteristic of disturbance to reticular activating system by diffuse
process?
 a) Hypoxia
b) Liver failure
c) Trauma to brain stem
d) Epilepsy
e) Meningitis (Inflammation of meninges)

I. The pyramidal system

II. The extrapyramidal system
III. Cerebellum
IV. Lower motor neurons in the cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem
V. Lower motor neurons in the anterior horns of the spinal cord
59)Which of the above structures are among the anatomical structures that play
a role in the regulation or execution of motor activity?
A. I - II - III
B. II - III - IV - V
C. I - III - V
D. II - IV - V
E. All of the above
60)Sensory abnormalities lateralized to the same side as weakness do not
suggest a hemispheric lesion.
a) True
b) False
61)Which of the following is wrong?
A. Sensory loss below a particular segmental level on the trunk suggests a
spinal cord lesion.
B. Distal sensory changes in the limbs favor a peripheral nerve lesion.
C. Diseases of the anterior horn cells, neuromuscular junctions, or muscles are
not accompanied by altered sensation.
D. The character of any associated symptoms may suggest the nature of the
lesion.
E. Sensory neglect or inattention is not a cortical lesion.
Although hypotonia is usually related to the pathological involvement of feeding the
lower motor neuron to the affected muscles, it can occur in different situations.
62) Which of the following is not of these situations?
A. Primary muscle disorders.
B. Disruption of the sensory (afferent) limb of the reflex arc.
C. Non-cerebellar diseases.
D. Certain extrapyramidal disorders such as Huntington disease.
E. In the acute stage of a pyramidal lesion.
63)Which of the following is wrong about focal or segmental myoclonus?
A. Focal or segmental myoclonus can arise from lesions affecting the
cerebral cortex, brainstem, spinal cord, or central nerve.
B. Metabolic disorders such as hyperosmolar nonketotic hyperglycemia can
cause epilepsia partialis continua, in which a repetitive focal epileptic
 discharge occurs from the contralateral sensorimotor cortex and leads to
segmental myoclonus.
C. Brainstem involvement of the dentatorubroolivary pathway by stroke,
multiple sclerosis, tumors, or other disorders can produce palatal myoclonus,
which.
D. may be associated with an audible click or synchronous.
E. Segmental myoclonus is usually unaffected by external stimuli and persists
during sleep.
64)Which of the following is true about psychological evaluation ?
A. Documentation of cognitive disorders by neuropsychological evaluation is
insufficient.
B. Documentation of emotional disorders by neuropsychological assessment is
insufficient.
C. This method is not a helpful method for diagnosing certain disorders such as
Huntington's disease or widespread Lewy body dementia.
D. Some movement disorders, such as Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, are not
associated with behavioral abnormalities such as attention deficit disorder
and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
E. The findings also may be important in guiding decisions regarding
invasive interventions such as deep brain stimulation, which is
contraindicated in patients with atypical parkinsonian syndromes or
in classic Parkinson disease when significant dementia or major
depression is also present.
65)Hemorrhage produces a less predictable pattern of focal involvement
because complications such as increased intracranial pressure, cerebral
edema, compression of brain tissue and blood vessels, or dispersion of blood
through the subarachnoid space or cerebral ventricles can impair brain
function at sites remote from the hemorrhage.
a) True
b) False
 66)Which of the following can be said about the pictures above?
A. The first picture shows hemorrhagic stroke, the second picture
shows ishemic stroke.
B. The first picture shows ishemic stroke, the second picture shows hemorrhagic
stroke.
C. Hemorrhagic stroke is shown in both pictures
D. ishemic stroke shown in both pictures
E. none of the above
67)Crossed hemiparesis, which involves the face on one side and the rest of the
body on the other, assigns the lesion to the brainstem between the facial
(VII) nerve nucleus in the pons and the decussation of the pyramids in the
medulla.
a) True
b) False
I. Drooping of the palate,
II. a depressed gag reflex,
III. a pool of saliva in the pharynx,
IV. a weak cough,
V. a wasted and fasciculating tongue.
68)Which of the above can occur in examination in progressive bulbar palsy?
A. I - II- III
B. II - III
C. IV - V
D. Just I
E. All of the above
69) Which of the following is wrong about coordination?
A) In patients with cerebellar disease, the main complaint and physical finding are
often of incoordination, and examination may reveal little else.
B) With pyramidal lesions, fine voluntary movements are performed at a fast rate.
C) In patients with cerebellar disease, the main complaint and physical finding are
often of incoordination, and examination may reveal little else.
D) The coordination of motor activity can be impaired by weakness, sensory
disturbances, or cerebellar disease and requires careful evaluation.

E) Voluntary activity is observed with regard to its accuracy, velocity, range, and
regularity, and the manner in which individual actions are integrated to produce
a smooth complex movement.

70) Which of the following is true about tendon reflex?

I) Changes in the tendon reflexes may accompany disturbances in motor or sensory
function and provide a guide to the cause of any motor deficit.
II) The tendon is tapped with a reflex hammer to produce a sudden brisk stretch of
the muscle and its contained spindles.

III) When the reflexes are tested, the limbs on each side should be placed in
identical positions and the reflexes elicited in the same manner.

IV) A reflex may be lost or depressed by any lesion that interrupts the structural or
functional continuity of its reflex arc, as in a root lesion or peripheral neuropathy.

V) In addition, reflexes are often depressed during the acute stage of an upper
motor neuron lesion, during deep coma, and with cerebellar disease.

A)I,III,V
B)II,IV,V
C)I,II,III,IV,V
D)I,II,III,IV
E)II,III,IV

71) which of the pairings is correct?

1)Areflexia

2) Hyperreflexia

3) Reflex asymmetry

a) Although the intensity of reflex responses varies considerably among

subjects, reflexes should be symmetric in any individual.

b)Apparent loss of the tendon reflexes may merely reflect a lack of clinical expertise
by the examiner.

c) Increased reflexes occur with upper motor neuron lesions, but they may also
occur with a symmetric distribution in certain healthy subjects and in patients under
emotional stress.

A)1-b, 2-c,3-a
B)1-c,2-a,3-b
C)1-b,2-a,3-c
D)1-a,2-b,3-c
E)1-c,2-b,3-a
72) which of the following is a motor neuron disease?

A) Progressive bulbar palsy

B) Progressive spinal muscular atrophy
C) Primary lateral sclerosis

D) Pseudobulbar palsy

E) all of them

73) The posterior cerebral circulation supplies the brainstem, cerebellum,

thalamus, and portions of the occipital and temporal lobes.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
74) Are strokes of the Posterior circulation not one of the symptoms and
symptoms of brainstem or cerebellar dysfunction or both?
A) Coma
B) Vertigo
C) Cranial nerve palsies
D) Fainting
E) Nausea and vomiting
75) Which of the following is true about Ischemia?

I) Brain edema is another determinant of stroke outcome.

II) Ischemia leads to vasogenic edema as fluid leaks from the intravascular
compartment into brain parenchyma.
III) Two pathogenetic mechanisms can produce ischemic stroke—thrombosis and
embolism.
IV) Interruption of blood flow to the brain deprives neurons, glia, and vascular cells
of substrate glucose and oxygen.
A)I,II,III,IV
B)I,II,III
C)I,II
D)Only I
E)None
76) Which of the following contains the basal ganglia?
A) the caudate nucleus
B) globus pallidus
C) substantia nigra
D) putamen
E)All of them

77) Which of the following is not one of the modifiable risk factors for
stroke?
A) Systolic or diastolic hypertension
B) Vertigo
C) Atrial fibrillation
D) Diabetes
E) Physical inactivity

78) which of the following are the main risk factors for atherosclerosis
leading to stroke ?
I) systolic or diastolic hypertension
II) high serum LDL cholesterol
III) diabetes mellitus
A)I,II
B)Only III
C)Only II
D) I,II,III
E)Only I
79) What the definition of Agraphesthesia?
a) inability to judge the weight of an object placed in the hand
b) inability to identify by touch an object placed in the hand
c) inability to identify by touch a number written on the skin
d) The resistance of an affected muscle is not the same throughout the range of
movement, but tends to be most marked
80) Weakness of the respiratory muscles leads to Tachypnea, True or False?
a) True
b) False
81) Less severe weakness in one limb. Is definition of what?
a) Hemiplegia
b) Monoparesis
c) Paraplegia
d) Quadriplegia
82) What is the anatomical basis for episodic memory?
a) Limbic system
b) Nervous system
c)Musculoskeletal system
83) What is the correct definition of Sudden onset?
a) Inferred from the acute onset of symptoms
b) The duration of neurologic deficits is documented by the history
c) The sudden onset of symptoms is documented by the history
d) The site involvement is suggested by the symptoms and signs

84) Which of the following is Movement Disorders ?

a)Putamen
b)Globus pallidus
c)Subthalamic nucleus
d)Substantia Nigra
e)All
85) Which of the following is an Abnormal movement class?
A)tremor

b)chorea

c)athetosis or dystonia
d)ballismus

e)All

86)) which of the following is a normal outstretched hands frequency?

a)4-8

b)8-12

c)12-16

d)16-20

e)0-4

87) Which of the following is excessive or inappropriate contraction of the muscles ,

leading to persistent abnormal postures in the affected area of the body.

a)Dystonia

b)Hemiballismus

c)Chorea

d)Parkinsonism

e)Asterixis

86) Which of the following refers to rapid irregular muscle jolts that occur
involuntarily and unpredictably in different parts of the body.

a)Chorea

b)Hemiballismus

c)Asterixis

d)Parkinsonism

e)Dystonia

87) Small vessel occlusion affecting penetrating arteries deep in the brain may
cause infarcts in
a)The putamen
b)The thalamus
c)Caudate nucleus
d)Pons
e)All

88)Which one is Not kind of memory?

a)Episodic memory

b)Implicit memory

c)Semantic memory

d)Explicit memory

e)None of them

89) Which one is NOT a clinical test of language function?

a)Comprehension

b)Repetition

c)Naming

d)Fluency

e)Writing Ability

90) What do the slow-developing focal cerebral deficits due to stroke indicate ?

a)Paralysis

b)Hepatitis

c)Anemia

d)Coma

e)Tumor
91) What are the cells that surround and support neuron bodies?
A. Schwann cells.
B. Satellite cells.
C. Ependymal cells
D. Microglial cells.
92) Which of the following is wrong about the brainstem?
A. The brainstem includes the: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.
B. Brainstem is the rely center that connect the cerebrum and cerebellum to the
spinal cord.
C. Five of twelve cranial nerves originate in the brainstem.
D. Performs automatic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body
temperature.

93) In the musculoskeletal system, it is important to examine for?

A. Spine.
B. Skull.
C. Joint deformity.
D. All of the above.

94) What are the causes of syncope?

A. Cardiac arrhythmias.
B. Prolonged standing, especially in warm surrounding s.
C. Metabolic disorder.
D. A and B.
95) Which of the following is important differential diagnoses for epilepsy and
syncope?
A. Psychogenic attacks.
B. Hypoglycemia.
C. Drop attacks.
D. All of the above.
96) What is the response that occurs when your nervous system activates certain
parts of your body?
a- Integration
b- Sensory input
c- Motor output

97) Which of the following is one of the major regions of the brain?
a- Frontal lobe
b- Brainstem
c- Medula oblongata
d- Knee
98) Which of the following is not a cause of SYNCOPE?
a- Cardiac arrhythmias
b- Psychogenic factors
c- Pregnancy
d- Excessive reflex vagal stimulation
99) What is the anatomical basis for episodic memory?
a- Nervous system
b- Musculoskeletal system
c- Limbic system
100) Which of the following is not a component of memory system?
a- Implicit memory
b- Explicit memory
c- Short term memory
d- Long term memory

101) which one is correct (Voluntary activity is observed with regard to its)
a- Accuracy
b- Velocity
c- Range
d- Regularity
e- All of the above
102) Weakness of the anterior tibial muscles leads to
a- Foot drop
b- Muscular dystrophy
c- Frontal lobe dysfunction
d- Vestibular disorders
e- None of the above
103) what does the Basal ganglia comprise
a- The caudate nucleus
b- Putamen
c- Globus pallidus
d- Subthalamic nucleus
e- All of above
104) what is types of abnormal movements
a- Tremor
b- Chorea
c- Athetosis or dystonia
d- Myoclonus
e- All of above
105) An______tremor of the outstretched hands is a normal finding.
a- 8- to 11-Hz
b- 9- to 12-Hz
c- 9- to 10-Hz
d- 8- to 12-Hz
e- None of the above
106) An irritative lesion of a peripheral or cranial nerve may lead to

a- Hiccup
b- Myoclonus
c- Focal dystonia
d- Segmental dystonia
e- None of the above

107) what are the Toxic substances can lead to parkinsonism

a- Manganese dust
b- Carbon disulfide
c- Aluminum
d- A&B correct
e- None of the above

108) Intracranial hemorrhage is classified by its location as

a- Intracerebral
b- Subarachnoid
c- Subdural
d- Epidural
e- All of the above

109) Small vessel occlusion affecting penetrating arteries deep in the brain
may cause infarcts in

a- The putamen
b- The thalamus
c- Caudate nucleus
d- Pons
e- All of the above

110) In progressive bulbar palsy, examination may reveal

a- Drooping of the palate,

b- A depressed gag reflex,
c- A pool of saliva in the pharynx,
d- A weak cough
e- All of the above

111) Intracranial hemorrhage is classified by its location as :

a- Subdural.
b- Subarachnoid.
c- Intracerebral.
d- Epidural.
e- All above are true.
112) Which tests are important in diagnosing Wilson disease?
a- Urine copper and ceruloplasmin.
b- Complete blood count and sedimentation rate.
c- Blood chemistries.
 d- Serologic tests.
e- None of them.
113) The physiologic tremor is:
a- 10 to 12 Hz.
b- 4 to 8 Hz.
c- 8 to 12 Hz.
d- 2 to 6 Hz.
e- 7 to 11 Hz.
114) The ………… is a purely upper motor neuron ( corticospinal ) deficit is
found in the limbs.
a- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
b- Primary lateral sclerosis.
c- Progressive spinal muscular atrophy.
d- Pseudobulbar palsy.
e- Progressive bulbar palsy.
115) Which treatment may reduce the mortality rate and slow progression
of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
a- Symptomatic measures.
b- The diet.
c- The ventilation.
d- The riluzole.
e- None of them.

116) Which one is NOT a clinical test of language function?

a- Comprehension.
b- Fluency.
c- Writing ability.
d- Repetition.
e- Naming.
117) Which of the following types of cells is the most common in the CNS?
a- Satellite cells.
b- Oligodendrocytes.
c- Microglial cells.
d- Astrocytes.
e- All above.

118) Which choose is the correct description for finger-nose test ?

A. patient moves the index finger to touch the tip of his nose
B. then tip of the examiner’s index finger
C. the examiner can move the target finger about during the test to change
its location
D. should position it so that the patient’s arm must extend fully to reach it
A. A B
B. B C
C. A B D C
D. C A D
E. D

119) What is the correct answer about tendon (muscle stretch) reflexes ?
A. Changes in the tendon reflexes may accompany disturbances in motor or
sensory function
B. The tendon is tapped with a reflex hammer to produce a sudden brisk
stretch of the muscle and its contained spindles.
C. the limbs on each side should be placed in identical positions
D. ALL OF THEM
E. NON OF THEM

120) Which one is NOT one of risk factors for stroke ?

A. atrial fibrillation
B. diabetes
C. dyslipidemia
D. physical inactivity
E. laughing

121) Which one is the characterize of stroke ?

A. Focal involvement of the central nervous system
B. Sudden onset
C. Vascular cause
D. Lack of rapid resolution
E. NON OF THEM
F. ALL OF THEM

122) What is the correct Definitions of Sudden onset?

A. The site of involvement is suggested by the symptoms and signs
B. The sudden onset of symptoms is documented by the history
C. The duration of neurologic deficits is documented by the history
D. inferred from the acute onset of symptoms

123) Which one is type of Anterior Horn Cell Disorders?

A. Electromyography
B. Serum CK may be mildly elevated
C. Motor conduction velocity
D. Muscle biopsy
E. ALL OF THEM
124) What are the correct Classification of Motor Neuron Disease in Adults
A. Progressive bulbar palsy
B. Pseudobulbar palsy
C. Progressive spinal muscular atrophy
D. Primary lateral sclerosis
E. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
A. A D
B. A B C
C. A B C D E
D. B
E. A

125) Which one in NOT examination of progressive bulbar palsy?

A. a weak cough
B. a depressed gag reflex
C. drooping of the palate
D. muscle cramps
E. a pool of saliva in the pharynx
126) Which one is wrong about bulbar muscle?
A. In approximately 20% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
B. the initial symptoms are related to weakness
C. difficulty in swallowing
D. difficulty in chewing, coughing, breathing
E. easy fatigability
127) Which one is NOT kind of Memory?
A. episodic memory
B. Implicit memory
C. semantic memory
D. Explicit memory
E. Non of them