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Chap 11 Packagesword

The document explains Python packages as a way to group related modules, with a package being a directory containing an __init__.py file. It highlights the advantages of using packages, such as resolving naming conflicts and improving modularity. Examples illustrate how to create and use packages and modules in Python.

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3 views4 pages

Chap 11 Packagesword

The document explains Python packages as a way to group related modules, with a package being a directory containing an __init__.py file. It highlights the advantages of using packages, such as resolving naming conflicts and improving modularity. Examples illustrate how to create and use packages and modules in Python.

Uploaded by

sheetalspatil8080
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Packages

It is an encapsulation mechanism to group related modules into a single unit.


package is nothing but folder or directory which represents collection of Python modules.

Any folder or directory contains init .py file,is considered as a Python package.This file
can be empty.

A package can contains sub packages also.

init .py

File 1

File 1 File 1

init .py init .py

x.py y.py m.py n.py

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SKILLSOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
1  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www. skillsoft.com
init .py

File 1

File 1 File 1

init .py init .py

Module 1 Module 1 Module 1 Module 1

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The main advantages of package statement are

1. We can resolve naming conflicts


2. We can identify our components uniquely
3. It improves modularity of the application

Eg 1:

D:\Python_classes>
|-test.py
|-pack1
|-module1.py
|- init .py

init .py:

empty file

module1.py:
def f1():
print("Hello this is from module1 present in pack1")

test.py (version-1):
import pack1.module1
pack1.module1.f1()

nd
SKILLSOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
2  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www. skillsoft.com
test.py (version-2):

from pack1.module1 import f1


f1()

Eg 2:

D:\Python_classes>
|-test.py
|-com
|-module1.py
|- init .py
|- skillsoft
|-module2.py
|- init .py

init .py:

empty file

module1.py:

def f1():
print("Hello this is from module1 present in com")

module2.py:

def f2():
print("Hello this is from module2 present in com. skillsoft")

test.py:

1. from com.module1 import f1


2. from com. skillsoft.module2 import f2
3. f1()
4. f2()
5.
6. Output
7. D:\Python_classes>py test.py
8. Hello this is from module1 present in com
9. Hello this is from module2 present in com. skillsoft

Note: Summary diagram of library,packages,modules which contains functions,classes


and variables.

nd
SKILLSOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
3  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www. skillsoft.com
Library

pack 1 pack 2 --------------- pack n

module 1 module 2 module n module 1 module 2 module n

function 1 function 2 function n variables classes

nd
SKILLSOFT, # 202, 2 Floor, HUDA Maitrivanam, Ameerpet, Hyderabad - 500038,
4  040 – 64 51 27 86, 80 96 96 96 96, 92 46 21 21 43 | www. skillsoft.com

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