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pointers sample code

The document provides a series of exercises focused on the use of pointers in programming. It includes pseudocode for various tasks such as declaring variables and pointers, traversing arrays, counting vowels and consonants in a string, swapping values using pointers, and dynamically allocating memory for an array. Each exercise is structured with a clear pseudocode outline to guide implementation.

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3 views

pointers sample code

The document provides a series of exercises focused on the use of pointers in programming. It includes pseudocode for various tasks such as declaring variables and pointers, traversing arrays, counting vowels and consonants in a string, swapping values using pointers, and dynamically allocating memory for an array. Each exercise is structured with a clear pseudocode outline to guide implementation.

Uploaded by

nvkdevelopernox05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXERCISE 12 - POINTERS

1. Write a program that declares an integer variable and a pointer to that integer. Initialize the integer with a value, assign
its address to the pointer, and print:
The value of the integer using the pointer

The address of the integer using the pointer.

The value of the pointer itself.

PSEUDO CODE:

BEGIN

// Step 1: Declare and initialize variable


DECLARE INTEGER value
ASSIGN value = 10

// Step 2: Declare pointer


DECLARE POINTER TO INTEGER ptr1

// Step 3: Assign the address of `value` to `ptr1`


ASSIGN ptr1 = ADDRESS OF value

// Step 4: Output the value using the variable


PRINT "The value using variable is: ", value

// Step 5: Output the value using the pointer


PRINT "The value using pointer is: ", DEREFERENCE ptr1

// Step 6: Output the address of `value` using the pointer


PRINT "The address using pointer is: ", ptr1

END

SOURCE CODE:
2. Create a program that declares an array of 5 integers and initializes it. Use a pointer to traverse the array and print each
element.

PSEUDOCODE:
BEGIN

// Step 1: Declare and initialize an array


DECLARE INTEGER ARRAY arr1[5]
INITIALIZE arr1 WITH VALUES {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

// Step 2: Declare a pointer and assign it to the array


DECLARE POINTER TO INTEGER ptr1
ASSIGN ptr1 = ADDRESS OF arr1[0]

// Step 3: Loop through the array elements


FOR i FROM 0 TO 4 DO
PRINT "The element ", i, " is: ", DEREFERENCE (ptr1 + i)
END FOR

END

SOURCE CODE:
3. Write a program that counts the number of vowels and consonants in a string entered by the user. Use a pointer to
traverse the string and check each character.

Note: You must use the following


functions

·
void countVowelsAndConsonants(char *str, int
*vowelCount, int *consonantCount)

·
int isVowel(char c)// to find if it is vowel or
not

·
isalpha() //library function

PSEUDOCODE:

BEGIN

// Function isVowel to count vowels and consonants


FUNCTION isVowel(str1)

DECLARE POINTER TO CHAR ptr1


ASSIGN ptr1 = ADDRESS OF str1[0]

DECLARE INTEGER vcount, ccount, len1, len2


INITIALIZE vcount = 0
INITIALIZE ccount = 0
INITIALIZE len1 = LENGTH OF str1
INITIALIZE len2 = 0

// Step 1: Count alphabetical characters in str1


FOR EACH CHARACTER str1[i] UNTIL str1[i] IS NULL
IF str1[i] IS AN ALPHABET CHARACTER
INCREMENT len2
END IF
END FOR

// Step 2: Check if all characters are alphabetical


IF len1 IS EQUAL TO len2 THEN
// Step 3: Count vowels and consonants
FOR EACH CHARACTER str1[i] UNTIL str1[i] IS NULL
IF *(ptr1 + i) IS A VOWEL (CASE INSENSITIVE)
INCREMENT vcount
ELSE
INCREMENT ccount
END IF
END FOR

// Step 4: Display counts


PRINT "The number of vowels is: ", vcount
PRINT "The number of consonants is: ", ccount

ELSE
PRINT "Enter a proper alphabetical string."
END IF
END FUNCTION

// Main function
BEGIN MAIN

DECLARE STRING str OF SIZE 1000


PRINT "Enter the string: "
READ str
CALL isVowel(str)

END MAIN
END

SOURCE CODE:
4. Write a function void swap(int *a, int *b) that swaps the values of two integers using pointers. Create a main() function to
test your swap() function by passing the addresses of two integer variables.

PSEUDO CODE:

BEGIN

// Function to swap two integers


FUNCTION swap(a, b)
DECLARE INTEGER temp
ASSIGN temp = VALUE POINTED TO BY a
ASSIGN VALUE POINTED TO BY a = VALUE POINTED TO BY b
ASSIGN VALUE POINTED TO BY b = temp
PRINT "The elements after swapping are ", VALUE POINTED TO BY a, VALUE POINTED TO BY b
END FUNCTION

// Main function
BEGIN MAIN
DECLARE INTEGER x, y
INITIALIZE x = 10
INITIALIZE y = 20

DECLARE POINTER TO INTEGER ptr1, ptr2


ASSIGN ptr1 = ADDRESS OF x
ASSIGN ptr2 = ADDRESS OF y

CALL swap(ptr1, ptr2)

END MAIN

END

SOURCE CODE:
5. Write a program that allocates memory dynamically for an array of n integers using malloc(). Populate the array with
values from user input and then print the array. Finally, free the allocated
memory.

PESUDO CODE:
BEGIN

// Step 1: Declare variable for array size


DECLARE INTEGER n

// Step 2: Get the number of integers from the user


PRINT "Enter the number of integers: "
READ n

// Step 3: Dynamically allocate memory for an array of size n


DECLARE POINTER TO INTEGER arr
ASSIGN arr = ALLOCATE MEMORY FOR n INTEGERS

// Step 4: Prompt user to enter elements


PRINT "Enter ", n, " integers:"

// Step 5: Loop to read n integers into the array


FOR i FROM 0 TO n - 1 DO
READ arr[i]
END FOR

// Step 6: Display the elements of the array


PRINT "The elements of the array are:"
FOR i FROM 0 TO n - 1 DO
PRINT arr[i], " "
END FOR
PRINT NEWLINE

// Step 7: Free the allocated memory


FREE arr
END

SOURCE CODE:

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