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Steps in Data Science & Analysis

The document outlines the structured processes involved in Data Science and Data Analysis, highlighting their distinct goals and methodologies. Data Analysis focuses on understanding past trends and making business decisions through data cleaning, visualization, and reporting, while Data Science aims to build predictive models using machine learning techniques. Key differences include their purposes, techniques, tools, and outcomes, with Data Analysis yielding reports and dashboards and Data Science producing predictive models and AI applications.

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18 views2 pages

Steps in Data Science & Analysis

The document outlines the structured processes involved in Data Science and Data Analysis, highlighting their distinct goals and methodologies. Data Analysis focuses on understanding past trends and making business decisions through data cleaning, visualization, and reporting, while Data Science aims to build predictive models using machine learning techniques. Key differences include their purposes, techniques, tools, and outcomes, with Data Analysis yielding reports and dashboards and Data Science producing predictive models and AI applications.

Uploaded by

hmmailbox36
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Steps in Data Science & Data Analysis

Both Data Science and Data Analysis follow structured processes to extract insights from data. While
Data Science focuses on predictive modeling and machine learning, Data Analysis emphasizes
descriptive and diagnostic insights.

🔷 Data Analysis Steps (for Business Insights)

📌 Goal: Understand past trends and summarize data for decision-making.

1️⃣ Define the Problem

 Understand business needs (e.g., “Why are sales decreasing?”)

 Set clear objectives and KPIs (Key Performance Indicators)

2️⃣ Collect & Explore Data

 Gather data from databases, APIs, or spreadsheets

 Explore data using SQL, Excel, or Python (pandas)

 Identify missing values, duplicates, and errors

3️⃣ Data Cleaning & Preprocessing

 Remove inconsistencies, outliers, and missing values

 Format data correctly (dates, currencies, categories)

 Use Python (pandas, numpy) or SQL (WHERE, CASE)

4️⃣ Data Visualization & Analysis

 Use graphs to find trends (matplotlib, seaborn, Tableau)

 Apply statistical techniques (mean, median, correlations)

 Answer key business questions with insights

5️⃣ Reporting & Decision-Making

 Create dashboards (Power BI, Tableau)

 Present key findings to stakeholders

 Suggest actions based on insights

🚀 Example: Analyzing customer churn rate and suggesting retention strategies.

🔷 Data Science Steps (for Predictions & AI)

📌 Goal: Build predictive models using machine learning.

1️⃣ Problem Definition

 Define a business challenge (e.g., “Can we predict customer churn?”)


 Determine if machine learning is needed

2️⃣ Data Collection & Exploration

 Gather structured/unstructured data (databases, web scraping, APIs)

 Perform Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)

 Visualize distributions, correlations, and trends

3️⃣ Data Cleaning & Feature Engineering

 Handle missing values & outliers

 Convert categorical data into numerical format (Label Encoding, One-Hot Encoding)

 Scale data (StandardScaler, MinMaxScaler)

4️⃣ Model Selection & Training

 Choose an appropriate model (Regression, Classification, Clustering)

 Train the model using Scikit-Learn, TensorFlow, or PyTorch

 Split data into train/test sets

5️⃣ Model Evaluation

 Measure performance using metrics (Accuracy, RMSE, F1-score)

 Tune hyperparameters to improve results (GridSearchCV)

6️⃣ Model Deployment & Maintenance

 Deploy using Flask, FastAPI, or cloud services (AWS, GCP)

 Monitor model performance and update periodically

🚀 Example: Predicting customer churn using a classification model.

Key Differences

Feature Data Analysis Data Science

Purpose Past trends & insights Future predictions & automation

Techniques Statistics, SQL, Visualizations Machine Learning, AI, Deep Learning

Tools Excel, Power BI, Tableau Python, TensorFlow, Scikit-Learn

Outcome Reports, Dashboards Predictive Models, AI Applications

Would you like hands-on examples or project ideas? 🚀

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