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Dylan Juma project proposal

Business information technology (Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and

Technology)

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SPORTS CLUB MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY OF KITALE

SPORTS CLUB

BY:

DYLAN WAFULA JUMA

REG NO: HDB112-2136/2021

A PROJECT PROPOSAL SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF

THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF A DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF
AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

2022

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DEDICATION
I dedicate this system project to my loving parents and colleagues who gave me much support
and encouragement as I undertook this system project work. To also my colleagues who helped
me with the necessary insights that enabled me to handle the system project with ease.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I acknowledge my parents for the financial and emotional support he offered me during this
system project, and also my friends for their guidance and prayers as I undertook my study. I will
also not forget my supervisor for the much guidance and assistance he has given met throughout
the process of doing this system project.

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ABSTRACT
Arising from the well-recognized benefit of sport at individual and 'society levels , many
countries of the world have embraced its development The interest and efforts towards
popularizing and promoting sport have focused on the various facets that are meant to enhance
increased participation and competition in the various sporting activities. One of these, alongside
others, is the establishment of suitable management.

Sports club management system is developed keeping in mind the regular day-to-day operations
of a sports club. The club’s entire operation is automated using this software.

The Sports club management system categorizes its visitors into different categories and presents
them with the respective functionality as per their level of access. A new user can either register
for club membership or book the ground for desired number of days. A new user can also enroll
in the activities of the sports club. A details cost evaluation is done by the software when the user
tries to book the ground. The user sees the estimated cost clearly at the time of booking. This
prevents the users from negotiating about cost afterwards. A user who is already a member of the
club doesn’t need to register before booking the ground. Apart from the functionalities
mentioned above, the users can register themselves for the various regular and vacation training
batches.

The top-level user of this software is the administrator or admin for short. The admin has a
complete control over this software, including the users, members, ground booking, training
batches. The admin is the only person that can approve a ground booking request. The ground is
booked only after it has been approved by the admin.

This Sports club management system is developed using Microsoft .net framework. The
preferred IDE for this project is Microsoft visual studio. The database used with this project is
the Microsoft SQL Server. This is hierarchical software and the users are presented with views
based on their level of access.

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Table of Contents
DEDICATION................................................................................................................................................2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................................................3
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 1...................................................................................................................................................7
1.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................7
1.2 Statement of the problem.................................................................................................................8
1.3 Objectives......................................................................................................................................8
1.4Significance of the study.....................................................................................................................9
1.5 Scope of the study.............................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER TWO...........................................................................................................................................10
Literature review.......................................................................................................................................10
2.0 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................10
2.1 Theoretical review...........................................................................................................................11
2.1.1 Developing Theory....................................................................................................................11
2.1.2 Theoretical Construction of Sports Information Management.................................................12
2.2 Empirical Review..............................................................................................................................14
2.3 Conceptual Framework....................................................................................................................15
2.4 Critique of the review......................................................................................................................16
2.5 Gap..................................................................................................................................................17
SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER THREE........................................................................................................................................19
3.0 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................19
3.1 System Development Methodology................................................................................................20
3.2 Research Design...............................................................................................................................22
3.3 Data Collection................................................................................................................................22
3.4 Data Collection Methods.................................................................................................................22
3.4.1 Internet Surveys........................................................................................................................23
3.4.2 Questionnaires..........................................................................................................................23
3.4.3 Interviews.................................................................................................................................23

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REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................24

CHAPTER 1

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Today we are living in a world of technology. We are using technology as our daily needs. Thus
as a part of technology internet has become most important thing. Cause now each and every
kind of devices are connected to cloud. Thus many of our daily tasks are become dependent on
web based. Today many companies or organization even little shops using web based technology
for maintaining their business or organization. So I am trying to build something that is related to
web technology and can make life easier to people.

Sports management system refers to a software application that enables clubs to manage their
sports activities and competitions in a well-planned, structured process. Sports clubs are looking
for new creative ways to manage their sports activities and competitions. The sports club
management system provides all of the sports events and competitions with the ability to be
organized and managed efficiently through the use of the system. There are several reasons why
sports clubs are interested in new ways to handle their sports activities and competitions. Sports
clubs can now manage all their sports events and competitions more efficiently with the sports
club management software. Sports clubs are seeking new ways to manage the activities and
competitions associated with their sport.

Now there are many clubs that formed for different kind of activities. And there are also many
variation of clubs that running across the world. As far I have talked about the management
system that is vastly used for managing their activities. But if I check there is no management
system that is used by a club. So then I have taken the step to make a system for all type of clubs.

A management system can rule a vital part for a sports club. On the other hand it makes the life
more easy and comfortable for the business holder. So then I am trying to search something that
has not moved into a management system. Then I found that there are so many clubs formed. But
their works are not well managed. So then I find that there are so many works that need to do for
each and every club. So then I felt that a management system is necessary for them. And on the

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other hand, I found some of the club manager that needs to pay to use. But there are so many
restrictions and not properly made. So I have decided to make one. Thus my club management
system idea comes and hopes that it will be useful.

1.2 Statement of the problem

The management of Kitale sports is used to fill a paper with amounts of personal data and deliver it to
the club. Meanwhile, from the inside perspective, lots of sign up papers are being received with the data
that will be needed afterwards to set the rosters of sports and maybe more things. In the club, this task
was performed with no use of technology at all for a long time. Data kept for grounds booking,
registering players for certain event , conducting sports events, issuing local people with member cards
are all issues that the club has been unable to resolve as they keep their information on papers and the
papers are at a high risk of getting lost.

1.3 Objectives
So I have decided to make a system about the club management. Then there are some objectives
that we need to fulfill. Here are some of the targets of objectives that can be gained by our club
management system.

1.3.1 General Objective

To design a working sports management system that lets the club to register members and to
keep information of members and even locals in the system to prevent loss of the information.

1.3.2 Specific Objectives

i. Making a friendly user interface.

ii. Well designed and interactive dashboard features..
iii. Making club activities more efficient by making web application.
iv. Passing control to the users to maintain club.

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1.4Significance of the study

The system of will be of great benefit to the management of this sports club in conducting its daily duties
which will allow work to run smoothly. The system will allow events to be organized without any
problem and the local people can acquire there membership easily through the system. The system will be
cheaper to use and easier to use hence benefiting the sports club. This will lead the club to be more
organized.

1.5 Scope of the study

The scope for this project is to build a solution that will fulfill the first set of objectives
mentioned in order to, from the role of an administrator, perform effectively the club
management tasks. This solution targets to sports club that don’t have enough resources to build
their own management system or to purchase one. Generally this case will happen in small towns
like mine, where the staff is formed by volunteers, the resources are very limited and are rather
destined to improve the sportive service that they are offering rather than improving their
management system. Over the time, the following releases of the solution developed will
increase the scope of the current one in both technical-functional terms and targeted clubs.

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CHAPTER TWO

Literature review
2.0 Introduction

This chapter deals with literature review, data analysis and design that are an output from data. In
this you are able to learn about the sports management system which includes: theoretical
literature review, working par amounts and methodological articles towards sports management
programs and techniques applied to it. This chapter provides in with user friendly overview of a
system that will make members, non-members and admins of a club to easily understand and use
it. The system will provide members with the ability of ground booking, training batches and
member registration. This chapter plays an important role in the identification of gaps between
the existing literature and the current study which needs to be filled out by this study.

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2.1 Theoretical review

2.1.1 Developing Theory

Developing theory can be one of the most frustrating and arduous tasks in which a scholar
engages, yet it is also invigorating, intellectually stimulating, and has the potential to allow for
discoveries not otherwise possible. Furthermore, there is no clear ‘‘road map’’ for developing
theory. This is perhaps best illustrated in Smith and Hitt’s (2005) wonderfully engaging book,
Great Minds in Management. In this edited text, well-regarded theorists, including Bandura,
Hambrick, Locke, Mintzberg, and Weick, describe the paths in which they ventured when
developing their own theories. One of the most striking themes emerging from these chapters
was the variation in the theory-building journeys upon which they embarked. Chelladurai (2013),
Doherty (2013), and Fink (2013) each present a different approach in theory development,
further are solidifying the notion that there is no one best way to accomplish this task. However,
despite the different approaches they take, there are commonalities that do emerge. First, several
contributors to this collection note that their theorizing began with (a) interest in a particular
topic and (b) pressing questions concerning that issue. More specifically, Chelladurai describes
that much of his theorizing emanated from tensions he experienced with the current
understanding of a particular phenomenon (for similar discussions related to this issue, see also
Bandura, 2005; Smith & Hitt, 2005). In some cases, prevalent contemporary thought about a
particular issue (e.g., stacking) did not correspond with his understanding of the issue, while in
other cases, scholars had presented varying views about an issue (e.g., organizational
effectiveness) that, through synthesis and integration, could be reconciled into a single
theoretical model. For Fink, theorizing began with topics that interested her (e.g., women in
sport) and pressing issues related to that topic that had not otherwise been addressed (e.g., the
most effective way to market women’s sport).Second, the authors also note their desire to
address big issues—a point others have made, too (Kilduff, 2006; van Knippenberg, 2011).
Certainly there are times when incremental adjustments to an existing theoretical framework
(e.g., the addition of a new antecedent or moderator) are both sufficient and noteworthy. In many
other cases, though, such additions represent a modest theoretical contribution. Perhaps

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recognizing this, several authors in this issue point to their desire to understand and explain
large, complex issues. And this desire resulted in the development of new theoretical frameworks
and ways of thinking about existing issues, such as diversity management strategies, open
systems models of sport organizations, or leadership in sport teams. Third, the uniqueness of
sport contributes to many of the authors’ theoretical contributions. Chalip (2006) has previously
discussed the need for sport-specific theories, and the contributors to this collection seemingly
agree with this contention. Fink (2013) argues that, ‘‘the context of sport must be densely woven
into any work in order to make a strong theoretical contribution to the sport management
literature’’ (emphasis original). Indeed, the uniqueness of sport was a cornerstone in many of the
authors’ theoretical advances, including Chelladurai’s work with stacking (cf. Chelladurai &
Carron, 1977) and defining the field of sport management (cf. Chelladurai, 1994), and Doherty’s
work pertaining to conflict (cf. Kerwin, Doherty,& Harman, 2007). In these examples, the
authors observe phenomena in sport that were particular to that context, and in some cases,
contrary to what scholars had theorized in other settings; thus, sport and its uniqueness served to
drive their theoretical arguments. Note that the focus on sport or sport management does not
mean that the authors restrict their literature review to that discipline; instead, both Chelladurai
and Fink note the benefits of being well-read in several content areas. But, while supporting
ideas and literature might come from a variety of disciplines, the focus on sport and its
distinctiveness remained. Finally, several contributors (Fink, 2013; Irwin & Ryan, 2013) point to
constraints to theory building, including (a) the inability of scholars who consult with
practitioners to use proprietary data to inform their frameworks; (b) the fore mentioned theory-
practice gap, and some academics’ perception that one can focus on informing practice or
building theory, but not both; and (c) the value placed on quantity of publications in the tenure
and promotion process. While these impediments can certainly thwart one’s motivation or ability
to theorize, the authors also address strategies for overcoming them.

2.1.2 Theoretical Construction of Sports Information

Management

The basic essence of sports information management is one of fundamental theoretical issues in
sports information management, and the in-depth study of sports information pedagogy
theoretical issue deepening is also one of the deepening researches. On the basis of the
background investigation of sports information management and the investigation of research
subjects, physical education management starts his own independent pace step by step and is no
longer dependent on modern physical education management and sports science. It can be said
that sports information management is not a separate discipline and it is cross. Cross-discipline is
also called interdisciplinary, i.e. sports information management disciplines is arising among the
fields of sports education or other disciplines edges and also is an important way of the formation
of a new species in the scientific disciplines. Of course, not just sports information management
discipline is generated in this way and other disciplines are also generated in such a way, sports

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information management is the discipline derived from a variety of subject edge like sports
science, information science EPRI and management, information technology, etc., whose cross-
cutting nature can be represented by the following diagram . The sports information management
science develops built on the original information science, which not only has advantages of
information theory and systems theory and also other control methods and theories, which
absorbs the advantages of existing disciplines and owns the basic theory and the practical
support. Management platform itself has realized framework model of a universal platform plus
plug-in software development, that this thinking way and the design method has proved feasible
through practice and can be applied to specific software development. By this way we can well
solve the software collaborative development and integration issues and is more useful on
software owning International Conference on Education Technology, Management and
Humanities Science (ETMHS 2015) © 2015. The advanced version software is installed with
advanced version of the plugin, a lower version of the software is not installed the advanced
version of the plugin, which brought great convenience to program distribution and development.
For system functions software, systematic functions are implemented by plug-in. We have
become accustomed to developing software independently. Everyone uses their own style of
programming, but with project becoming larger or the more closely time requirements, we need a
few people, a dozen people and even hundreds of people cooperatively develop and design
software. Then a relative difficult problem is how to seamlessly integrate the software code (may
be a link library, component). The source code integration is a relative traditional and mature
manner and the appropriately use of link library or component can also reduce the leakage of the
source code, but the case is often that every program integration or code maintenance need
second compile and link source code and re-release new software, which sometimes is very
troublesome. Then there is the question, whether there is a way can divide target software
needing to develop into several functional parts and each part follows a standard interface
between such provisions. After the development of various parts according to the requirements,
needed components were integrated but not integrating the source code or link library to compile
and link, needed new functionality is developed according to requirements and can be used only
after the assembly software to use, which is software integration method using binary. That is
platform + plug-ins software design method. To deeply understand sports information
management activities, related activities are many, thus inevitably many disciplines involved to
support research and training of sports information management disciplines. To study sports
information management should also collect information economics and psychology law,
mathematics and other disciplines information, and sports information management not only has
the complexity but also the particularity, because sport is information gathering for the human
body itself and is closely related with the information obtained in sports and training, and the
ways and means of information collection need to provide special facilities

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2.2 Empirical Review

There are some related management systems for Sports Club Management System. I will try to
do something better and unique in my system. Some Club Management Systems are available on
web but most of them are not available on free version. You have to pay a high amount of money
in order to buy and maintain them and they have some limitation with their feature. Some
systems are well designed but functionalities limitation and some are having some great feature
with monthly subscription fees. That’s why I will try to make something different from theirs.
Here’s some club management systems list are given bellow with their details.

Here’s a list of some existing club management systems and their list with their website features
and drawbacks.

Website link: http://portalbuzz.com/ [1]

This management system have Great UI/UX design , no installation , no programming skill
needed to maintain , event management , program management , international payment method
which is very useful but Monthly Subscription process is includes here and not open source
that’s why you have limitation with their features.

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2.3 Conceptual Framework

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLE

UserFriendly
User
Interface

Interactive Easy Maintainable

Dashboard System
Features

Efficient
Club
Activities

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2.4 Critique of the review

Sports clubs experience some various issues in managing the club and this makes things difficult
in day to day activities of the club. Some of the challenges other systems face are;

i. Give a user to control event users as volunteer: An event volunteer have some power to
maintain the event without being an admin.
ii. Establish Easy Installation: It is not easy to make a easy installation system of the user,
and it’s the most important part of a system. If the user don’t know how to setup the
system or how to use it then why they will use it?

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2.5 Gap

Performance Management System is to replace the existing manual system with a software
solution. It will allow all the employees in different sections of the club to work together and
manage a single record. Different areas of the Sports Club can be managed in different tabs by
different people.

This system will help in faster processing and in avoiding conflicts easy to use GUI that does not
require specific training.

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SUMMARY
After implementing the system it will contain the advantages that are incomparable to the present
contemporary systems used by sports club. The most admirable feature founded was its
simplicity in terms of system to the user but its highly beneficial outputs can’t be ignored. The
users will be highly benefited after using the system.

It is hoped that this project will help the future developers to modify and implement the system.
After modifying some techniques of the programs, it will give us the best performance. The
project will be very useful for the users.

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CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Introduction
This chapter exemplify the analysis and design of a given sports club management system; the
specific model and methodology used in the system development. So I am going to develop the
best system to be used by the sports club management system, there are some stages necessary
for developing of new system include below features Gather information, design,
implementation, coding, final testing and so on. Within these few sections, deferent tactics will
be adopted so that we can design a system that can maintain high usability and accessibility.

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3.1 System Development Methodology

In order for a project to be done one will need to select a certain methodology for assurance of a
well created project which will be easy for both the user and the admin to use. In this project I’ll
use the agile methodology because it’s a process for managing a project that involves constant
collaboration and working in iterations. Agile project management works off the basis that a
project can be continuously improved upon throughout its life cycle, with changes being made
quickly and responsively.

Agile is one of the most popular approaches to project management due to its flexibility,
adaptability to change, and high level of customer input.

The beauty of Agile is realized throughout a series of five stages, known as the software
development lifecycle which are shown in the image above.

Planning: This is where all information about the project is gathered from various sources e.g.
from previously done projects. From the information gathered, all the requirements and
opportunities will be recognized and acknowledged. This will allow identification of problems to
be solved easy using the agile development methodology. It will assist in making sure the end

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product is well done and make sure the for sports club management system meets objective and
scope of the software.

Analysis: In this phase, I will design the mock-up for the user interface while creating the
architecture for the project. Involvement of gaining all the requirements on a diagram and
determine the functionality of the project. Moreover, regular checks will help to understand
whether all the requirements are incorporated into the design process or not.

Design: In this phase is where I will start the development of the system combining all the
requirements of the product gathered in the planning and analysis phase. It will undergo several
reviews and revisions for improvement until finalized.

Development: This is where the project will start being developed. Feedbacks on testing and
appropriate changes are imperative. The project will be developed using:

i. MySQL server
ii. html
iii. CSS

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3.2 Research Design

To develop this project there need to do some designs to make this management system more
easy and reliable to user. So this has two types of design one is frontend another one is backend.

So to do the frontend design there need to be sketching the layouts into paper first. Then I need
to find the necessary columns and rows to develop clean code. Then when the coding begins of
the frontend, then it needs to be include bootstrap, bootstrap is and some of query for complete
the design. Then we need to design the project as the documentation requirement and finish
coding.

Now for the backend design, I need to know about the database structure and the knowledge on
relational database. There is also need to gain the relationship between the tables in the database
and also need to mind that the redundancy things. So that I need to do some kind of
normalization to avoid this kind of things and for backend coding we were trying to follow the
object oriented coding pattern. Then find the file structure for the code repository. Thus we get
our all the requirement on backend design.

So that’s the all design requirement that needed in this project.

3.3 Data Collection

Data collection is the process of collecting or gathering information pertaining to a specific
research topic that will be used by the sport management researcher in the latter process of
analysis to formulate theories, produce recommendations or contextualize events and activities in
the sport management setting. This chapter discusses the need for sport management researchers
to use a range of data collection techniques including fieldwork, observation, interviews and
document analysis.

3.4 Data Collection Methods

The field of sport management is more reliant on survey research than are many other sport
disciplines. In particular, sport management sub disciplines such as organizational behavior and
sport marketing rely on surveys to reach mass target populations of sport firm employees and
sport team fans, respectively. Surveys allow sport management researchers to gain desired
information about a characteristic, attitude, or behavior within a selected sample or population.
Surveys are particularly useful in describing the characteristics of a large population, and they
make it feasible to collect data from large samples. The following data collection methods were
used;

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3.4.1 Internet Surveys

The rise of the Internet has given researchers yet another option for collecting data. Internet
surveys are often used as a way to administer the survey instrument to a large number of subjects
over a broad geographical area. According to Reips (2000), Internet surveys offer several
specific advantages and disadvantages when compared with their traditional “paper and pencil”
counterparts. Advantages include the following:

i. Ease of access to a large number of demographically and culturally diverse participants

ii. Ease of access to very rare, specific participant populations

3.4.2 Questionnaires
Questionnaires can be administered in several ways: distributed in person to potential
respondents individually or as a group, mailed to potential respondents, or conducted via the
Internet. Regardless of how they are distributed, questionnaires require that the participant have
at least minimal literacy proficiency in order to complete the survey. For this reason, researchers
should consider the typical literacy level of the target population and make their questionnaires
as clear and direct as possible.

3.4.3 Interviews
Whether conducted in person or by telephone, interviews allow researchers to incorporate a
human element into the data collection process. This human element is magnified in face-to-face
interviews, which may allow the interviewer to gain rapport with the interviewee—a particularly
useful factor when exploring sensitive topics. However, the interviewer must be careful not to
influence the respondent to answer in a particular way, either consciously or unconsciously.

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REFERENCES
Chelladurai, P. (2013). A personal journey in theorizing in sport management. Sport
Management Review, 16, 22–28.

Chelladurai, P., & Carron, A. V. (1977). A reanalysis of formal structure in sport. Canadian
Journal of Applied Sport Sciences, 2, 9–14.

D. R. dos Santos, C. Merkle Westphall, and C. Becker Westphall, "A dynamic risk-based access
control architecture for cloud computing," In: Network Operations and Management Symposium
(NOMS), IEEE, 2014, pp. 1-9

[1] Li Dongzhu. Theory and Applications of Management Information System [M]. Peking
University Press, 2001 [2] Zuo Meiyun, Kuang Kongwu. Information Systems Development
and Management Course [M]. Tsinghua University Press, 2001

Chalip, L. (2006). Toward a distinctive sport management discipline. Journal of Sport

Management, 20, 1–21.

Chelladurai, P. (1994). Sport management: Defining the field. European Journal of Sport
Management, 1, 7–21.

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CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Introduction
This section provides documentation which will be used to help in the system development by
providing details of how the system should be built. Within this section are narrative and
graphical documentation of the system design for the project, including use case diagrams,
activity diagrams, class diagrams and sequence

4.1 System Architecture

The architecture of a system reflects how the system is used and how it interacts with other
systems. It describes the interconnection of all the system’s components and the data link
between them. The architecture of a system reflects the way it is thought about in terms of its
structure, functions, and relationships.

Login Server Database

Validate Query

Show result Response

Processing

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4.2 Functional Decomposition Diagram

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4.3 Use Case Diagram

Use case diagram represent all the actors whose are related to the system and then show them
how they can participate to the system.

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4.3.1 Description of use case

For the description of this use case diagram, we can see there are two actors in here. They are
admin and the user. In this case user will be the primary actor. Cause all the activities that are
taken that according to user. And there is admin panel, which will control the entire user and the
whole application activity. Well now if we see the user actor, it can do login then doing project
sees, event registration. So user can perform this action according to the use case diagram. And
also user can get access to the admin’s event user section with the support of the admin. Now if
we can see the admin section all the user activities are controlled by the admin. To know more
about this let’s see all the use case table model.

Table 3.1: Use case Login

Cases Details

Actors Admin, user

Pre-condition Nothing

Post-conditions After successful login actor will go to the desire dashboard.

Basic flows Actors will login with their login data. Then successful login will get them into
their dashboard for further works.

This table 3.2 will tell about the event manager use case. And make the brief about the full tasks
of the event manager that includes various options to make.

Table 3.2: Use Case of Event Manager

Cases Details

Actors Admin, user

Pre-condition – Login to the system

– Enter to the event manager
Post-conditions -Admin will control the event manager.
-User will register themselves for the event.
-User can get access to control event by admin.
Basic flows Admin will make event, and manage the users who can attend.

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-Admin can make volunteer by add volunteer option, then an

user can handle event user.
-User can find all of the running event list, and can register if
they want.
-User can maintain registered user by the admin.
-User can get ticket if they are selected
This table 3.3 will show about the notice manager use case, which needs to show notice to the
users.

Table 3.3: Use Case of Notice

Cases Details

Actors Admin, user

Pre-condition -Login to the system.

Post-conditions -Admin can make a notice to user.

-User can read the notice.
Basic flows -An admin will be making a notice according to the club need.
Then he can update or delete it. Admin can also mark the notice
as new that can show on the front site.
-Users just see the latest notices.
This use case table 3.4 will show the user management use case which can manage a admin.

Table 3.4: Use Case of User Manage

Cases Details

Actors Admin, user

Pre-condition -Login to the system.

Post-conditions -Admin can manage users who can enter into the system.

Basic flows -A search bar is there. Admin can search by name, email or
number. Then admin can delete a user if the user is seems fake
to the admin. Then the user can no longer get access to the
system.

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4.4 Unified Modeling Language

In (Emina 2016), a class diagram is a static view of a system which displays what interacts in the system
is but not what happens when the interaction is taking place. It clearly outlines the connections between
classes that interact with each other or classes that inherit from one another. Below diagram shows the
class diagram of the Sports Club Management System.

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4.5 Software and Hardware Requirements

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