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L9-Canonical - Form, Maxterm, Minterm

The document discusses canonical forms of Boolean functions, specifically focusing on minterms and maxterms, and their representations in canonical sum of products and canonical product of sums. It provides examples of converting Boolean functions into their respective canonical forms, illustrating both sum of minterms and product of maxterms. Additionally, it includes a reminder about postulates and theorems of Boolean algebra.

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7 views13 pages

L9-Canonical - Form, Maxterm, Minterm

The document discusses canonical forms of Boolean functions, specifically focusing on minterms and maxterms, and their representations in canonical sum of products and canonical product of sums. It provides examples of converting Boolean functions into their respective canonical forms, illustrating both sum of minterms and product of maxterms. Additionally, it includes a reminder about postulates and theorems of Boolean algebra.

Uploaded by

shrabonb22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CANONICAL FORM

Presented by-
Rownak Ul Islam

11/19/2024 1
OUTLINE

• Canonical Forms
• Minterms and Maxterms
• Canonical and Standard forms
• Postulates and Theorems
• Examples

11/19/2024 2
CANONICAL FORMS
Boolean functions Expressed in terms of minterms or maxterms are said to be in
canonical forms.
Two canonical forms of Boolean functions :
1. Canonical sum of product.
2. Canonical product of sum.

11/19/2024 3
MINTERMS AND MAXTERMS
•

A B Minterm
0 0 A’B’
0 1 A’B
1 0 AB’
1 1 AB

11/19/2024 4
MINTERMS AND MAXTERMS
•

A B Minterm
0 0 A’+B’
0 1 A’+B
1 0 A+B’
1 1 A+B

11/19/2024 5
CANONICAL AND STANDARD FORMS
1. SOP: Sum of product
• Example: x y + y z [AND product]
2. POS: Product of sum
• Example: ( x + y) .(y+ z) [OR logic]
3. Sum: Sum of minterms
• Example: x y z + x′ y z′ [ all variable present]
4. POM: Product of max terms
• Example: ( x+ y+ z). ( x′ + y′ + z) [ all variable present]

11/19/2024 6
REMINDER
• Postulates and Theorems of Boolean Algebra

11/19/2024 7
EXAMPLES
Example 1: Express the Boolean function: F = A + B′ C in a sum of minterms
Solution:
The function has 3 variables: A, B, and C. The first term is missing two variables;
therefore,
A = A ( B + B′) [ let B + B′ = 1]
=AB + AB′
There is still missing one variable, so,
A = AB ( C+ C′) + AB′ ( C+ C′) [ let C + C′ = 1 ]
= ABC + ABC′ + AB′C + AB′C′
The second term, B′C is missing one variable:
B′C = B′ C ( A + A′)
= AB′C + A′B′C

11/19/2024 8
EXAMPLES
Now, combining all the terms, we have
F = A + B′C
= ABC + ABC′ + AB′C + AB′C′ + AB′C + A′B′C
But AB′C appears twice and accordingly to theorem ( x + x =x)
It is possible to remove one of them Re-arranging the minterms in ascending order.
We finally obtain,
F = A′B′C + AB′C′ + AB′C + ABC′ +ABC
= m1 + m4 + m5 + m6 + m7
It is sometimes convenient to express the Boolean function when in its sum of
minterms is the following short notation F (A, B, C) = ∑ ( 1, 4, 5, 6, 7) (Answer)

11/19/2024 9
EXAMPLES
Example 2: Express the Boolean function: F = x y + x′z in a product of
maxterms
Solution:
First, convert the function in OR term using distributive law-
F = x y + x′ z
= ( x y + x′) ( x y + z)
= (x + x′) (y+ x′) ( x +z) ( y + z)
= ( x′ + y) ( x +z) ( y + z)
The function has 3 variables: x, y, and z
so, x′ + y = x′ + y + z . z′ [ z. z′ = 0]
= ( x′ + y + z) (x′ + y+ z′)

11/19/2024 10
EXAMPLES
So,
x + z = x+ z+ y .y′ [ y .y=0]
= ( x+ y+ z) (x + y′ + z)
So,
y + z = y + z + x .x′ [x . x′ = 0]
= (x + y+ z) ( x′ + y + z)
Now, combining all terms:
F′=( x+ y+ z) (x + y′ + z) ( x′ + y + z) (x′ + y+ z′)
= M0 . M2 . M4 . M5
Now
A convenient way to express.
F ( x, y, z ) = ∏ ( 0, 2, 4, 5 ) (Answer)

11/19/2024 11
•

11/19/2024 12
THANK YOU

Any Questions?

11/19/2024 13

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