ISSN (Online) 2394-2320

International Journal of Engineering Research in Computer Science and Engineering

(IJERCSE)
Vol 9, Issue 4, April 2022

Technologies Being Used in Web Development

[1]
Ikwinder kaur*, [2] Amandeep Kaur, [3] Srinivasa Reddy Ambati, [4] Harsh Jaiswal, [5] Ayush Sharma,
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional, University Phagwara, Punjab, India.

Corresponding Author Email: [1] [email protected]*, [2] [email protected],

[3]
[email protected], [4] [email protected], [5] [email protected]

Abstract— Net development can use CMS (content management systems) for creating content changes easily with help of technical
skills. This paper has critically reviewed existing resources regarding technologies being used in web development. In this paper, the
roles of different web technologies have been reviewed in case of web development. This paper has identified few web technologies
including front-end and back-end development and some these are Python, NodeJS, JavaScript, Django and Flask. All these
technologies have significant role in web development. Based on the data of existing resources, the paper has concluded that successful
implementation of these technologies can effective change a websites interface and make it attractive to users, while transform trash
website to treasure.

and HTML and browsers [3]. These technologies are divided

I. INTRODUCTION into four types including frontend, backend, “website
development methodologies” and “web app development”.
Background
Front-end technologies include JavaScript and NodeJS.
“Web development” is the way of making people aware of JavaScript is the Scripting language and it is a higher-level
products or services an individual or a company offers and artificial language, which utilises thought of “Object-oriented
help them to understand the relevance and necessity of that programming (OOP)”; however, it supports epitome
product. Having an appropriate web development technology inheritance [1]. Additionally, NodeJS is the cross-platform,
can effectively improve a website [1]. Web development open-source back-end “JavaScript runtime”, which runs on
refers to many non-design aspects of making a new site. In V8 engine. It executes codes of JavaScript outside web
large businesses and organisations, the group of net browser. These are mainly utilised for event-driven,
development can incorporate several folks and consider non-blocking servers, because of its single-thread nature [3].
customary ways including agile methodologies and Additionally, backend development pays attention to
development of internet sites [2]. Internet sites including server-side aspects about web applications or web sites. This
Twitter and Facebook provide users a platform for speaking web development technology incorporates everything that
with many personal and interacting general people. user do not see as well as it holds behind-the-scenes
Aim and objectives activities, which happen while performing actions on
websites. It pays attention to databases, servers, APIs
The review paper aims to discuss the role of various
(“Application Programming Interface”) and backend logic
technologies that are used in web development. The
[2]. Back-end codes permit communication among data and
objectives are mentioned below.
browsers from databases. This web development is working
● To analyse different technologies used in web
with front-end development technologies for supplying users
development
with interactive and useful expertise. Some major examples
● To analyse existing resources associated with
of backend technologies are Ruby, Python, PHP, Java and
discussion regarding technologies utilised in web
Flask. “Web-site Development Methodologies” are
development
employed for managing website development methods. This
● To discuss the benefits and challenges of using
type of web technologies has different phases of
latest technologies in web development
implementation such as discovery stage, implementation
stage, phase of quality assurance, and deployment [3].
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Finally, the last web development technology is web
Web technology refers to the ways devices or computers application, which is again classified into two different types
communicate with others by utilising mark-up languages. such as frontend development and backend development.
This is the communication throughout web and it creates, Front-end development is that part of the website, in which
delivers and manages web content by utilising HTML users interact directly and it is remarked due to “client side”.
(“hypertext mark-up language”). Web technologies are It incorporates everything, which users directly expertise in
divided in line wherever they are used. Some common including designs, text, images, graphs, tables, buttons,
categories of web development technologies include web navigation and colours [4]. In this development, JavaScript,
service, protocols, databases, programming language, CSS CSS and HTML have been used. Additionally, the backend

13
 ISSN (Online) 2394-2320
International Journal of Engineering Research in Computer Science and Engineering
(IJERCSE)
Vol 9, Issue 4, April 2022

development arranges and stores knowledge and creates for example, “web development”, “web development
positive everything upon the client-side of the website. technologies”, and “frontend and backend development”. By
using these keywords, it has searched relevant resources on
III. METHODOLOGY selected data to do an appropriate data analysis. In order to
In this review paper, data has been collected from search for appropriate existing resources, it has selected a
secondary data sources on the selected topic. In order to unique search strategy, where it has connected the keywords
collect relevant existing data, this review paper has used with Boolean connectors like AND, OR.
some databases including Google Scholar [5]. Additionally,
it has formulated some keywords based on the research topic

IV. DATA ANALYSIS

Table 1: Data Extraction table (Review)

Author Findings Limitation

Regarding successful web development, Python

In this article, only positive sides of Python and
and Flask can be beneficial. With the help of
Vyshnavi Flask have been discussed; however, in order to
Python different hand gestures can be developed.
and Malik discuss the technology completely, it is important
Finding showed that an effective development of
(2019) to consider both the negative and positive sides of
web page can efficiently attract users and convert a
it. Thus, it is a major limitation of this paper.
trash website to treasure

The study compares the two web frameworks of

Key limitation of this study that paper does not
Python: Flask and Django. Findings highlighted
Ghimire discuss Python's each framework’s features and it
that in case of successful web development in
(2020) requires highly detailed companion before giving
large-scale project, Django can be worked more
drawing an appropriate conclusion
efficiently

Findings showed that regarding communication in The key limitation of this paper it can it has
Carter web development websites can consider a content discussed a lot of data from different sectors, that
(2020) model that will place between encoding of content is why it could not draw an appropriate conclusion
and application logic and clearly discuss the issue

This study compares MERN and MEAN;

The paper finds that MERN is ideal regarding web
Mehra et al., however, there are many aspects that require to be
applications as it works with a huge amount of
(2021) done and this is the reason it has been considered
“pre-built connections”
as a limitation

In this paper, the role of NodeMOP in web

Regarding study limitation, it can be stated that
development has been discussed. Results showed
Schiavio et there is a necessity of improving NodeMOP
that NodeMOP helps in error recovery through
al., (2019) through defining “high-level domain specific
allowing developers for defining custom handlers
language” for extending basic MOP syntax.
regarding property violations.

This paper finds that in case of web development,

utilisation of ReactJS can be beneficial because it Key limitation is that use of JSX and inline
Aggarwal
can change information without subsequent page templates prove to be extremely complex and can
(2018)
refresh. Regarding offering better user experience be tough tasks for developers
ReactJS could work effectively.

The major imitation of this research is that

The full stack JavaScript has proven beneficial for selection of search paradigm affects publishing
Ikkala et al.,
developing a web because it creates user-friendly, and data creation phase that is why functionalities
(2022)
customisable, and user interface. given by SAMPO-UI are depending upon the
nature of the knowledge graph.

14
 ISSN (Online) 2394-2320
International Journal of Engineering Research in Computer Science and Engineering
(IJERCSE)
Vol 9, Issue 4, April 2022

Selected papers on this study topic have shown that REFERENCES

technology in web development is beneficial to improve a [1]. Ruby S, Copeland D B and Thomas D (2020) Agile Web
web page because it helps people to design a certain image Development with Rails 6. North California: Pragmatic
for attracting and generating customers;’ loyalty. Research bookshelf.
has found that in the case of developing an appropriate web, [2]. Singh A, Chawla P, Singh, K and Singh A K (2018) May.
Python has been proven effective because it can develop Formulating an MVC framework for web development in
different hand gestures and this is a client-side technology JAVA. In 2018 2nd International Conference on Trends in
Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI), 926-929.
[6]. Python can successfully create and display everything, [3]. Dutonde P D, Mamidwar S S, Korvate M S Bafna, S and
which is required to attract and interact with end-users. Shirbhate D D (2022) Website Developmemt
However, another research has found amongst Python’s Technologies: A Review.
different web frameworks, Django works more effectively [4]. Li Y Z, Gao S, Pan J, Guo B F and Xie P F (2020)
because it can work in large-scale projects and help in Research and application of template engine for web
developing web successfully [7]. Additionally, Flask is again back-end based on MyBatis-Plus. Procedia Computer
Science, 166, 206-212.
best to work with small-scale projects and it can be set up and [5]. Nayak J K and Singh P (2021) Fundamentals of research
learned quickly; however, when this comes to manage methodology problems and prospects. New Delhi: SSDN
maintenance, Flask needs more work as compared to Django Publishers & Distributors.
[8]. [6]. Vyshnavi V R and Malik A (2019). Efficient Way of Web
Additionally, studies have found that besides Flask and Development Using Python and Flask. Int. J. Recent Res.
Django stack, MERN and MEAN are other stack that is used Asp, 6(2), 16-19.
[7]. Ghimire D (2020) Comparative study on Python web
for web development. MERN offers simple and fast frameworks: Flask and Django.
development of mobile and internet applications victimising [8]. Carter D (2020), October. Where Is Communication in
Java as the main element. It is composed of “MongoDB, Web Development? And Why Is Web Development in
ExpressJS, ReactJS, Node.js” [9]. In this context, two Communication?. In Proceedings of the 38th ACM
research papers have highlighted ReactJS and NodeJS. From International Conference on Design of Communication,
the information, it can be stated that NodeJS is beneficial for 1-5.
[9]. Mehra M, Kumar M, Maurya A and Sharma C (2021).
web development because it helps in error recovery by letting MERN stack Web Development. Annals of the Romanian
developers define custom handlers regarding property Society for Cell Biology, 25(6), 11756-11761.
violations. Additionally, NodeJS is the runtime setting that is [10]. Schiavio F, Sun H, Bonetta D, Rosà A and Binder W,
capable of running any JavaScript upon a machine [10]. (2019) Nodemop: Runtime verification for node. js
Additionally, ReactJS is the library, which facilitates making applications. In Proceedings of the 34th ACM/SIGAPP
interface elements about “single-page internet applications”. Symposium on Applied Computing,1794-1801.
[11]. Aggarwal S (2018) Modern web-development using
Research has found that ReactJS is effective in changing reactjs. International Journal of Recent Research
information without successive page refresh [11]. Finally, in Aspects, 5(1), 133-137.
web development, full stack JavaScript can offer [12]. Ikkala E, Hyvönen E, Rantala H and Koho M (2022)
user-friendly and customisable interface for users [12]. Sampo-UI: A full stack JavaScript framework for
developing semantic portal user interfaces. Semantic
V. CONCLUSION Web, 13(1), 69-84.

Web development is the way of making people aware of a

product or service. This systematic review aims to discuss the
role of different web technologies in terms of web
development. In order to achieve this, the paper has tried to
identify different web technologies and their role in web
development. From this information, it can be concluded that
different web technologies play various roles in web
development and these technologies are perfectly distributed
network atmospheres regarding polymorphic
communication. The design issues of web applications look
and implement codes that are running on the internet services
as compared to running on desktop computers, mobile
devices and laptops. Additionally, it can be concluded that
the effective use of technologies can offer high quality web
pages that can significantly attack new customers and
achieve the goal of improving websites.

15