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Network Architecture Refers To The Overall Design and Structure of A Computer Network

Network architecture encompasses the design and structure of computer networks, including components like nodes, links, and devices such as routers and firewalls. It includes various types of networks (LAN, WAN, MAN, PAN), topologies (bus, star, ring, mesh, hybrid), and protocols (TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS). Additionally, network security is vital for protecting data through measures like firewalls and encryption.

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Erwin Benitez
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22 views2 pages

Network Architecture Refers To The Overall Design and Structure of A Computer Network

Network architecture encompasses the design and structure of computer networks, including components like nodes, links, and devices such as routers and firewalls. It includes various types of networks (LAN, WAN, MAN, PAN), topologies (bus, star, ring, mesh, hybrid), and protocols (TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS). Additionally, network security is vital for protecting data through measures like firewalls and encryption.

Uploaded by

Erwin Benitez
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Network architecture refers to the overall design and structure of a

computer network. It includes the physical and logical layout of the network, as
well as the communication protocols, devices, and technologies used to enable
data exchange between devices. Below are the basics of network architecture:
1. Components of Network Architecture
• Nodes: These are devices connected to the network, such as computers,
servers, printers, and other networking equipment.
• Links: These refer to the communication channels that connect nodes. They
can be wired (e.g., Ethernet cables) or wireless (e.g., Wi-Fi).
• Network Devices:
o Routers: Devices that direct data between different networks.
o Switches: Devices that connect and manage communication between
multiple devices within the same network.
o Hubs: Basic devices that transmit data to all connected devices (now
largely replaced by switches).
o Firewalls: Devices that control traffic and prevent unauthorized
access to the network.
o Access Points: Devices that enable wireless devices to connect to a
wired network.
2. Types of Networks
• Local Area Network (LAN): A network that connects devices within a
limited area, such as a home or office.
• Wide Area Network (WAN): A network that covers a broad area, often
connecting multiple LANs over long distances (e.g., the internet).
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): A network that spans a city or campus.
• Personal Area Network (PAN): A small network, often for personal devices
like smartphones, laptops, and tablets.
3. Network Topologies
• Bus Topology: All devices are connected to a single central cable.
• Star Topology: All devices are connected to a central device like a switch or
hub.
• Ring Topology: Each device is connected to two others, forming a circular
pathway for data.
• Mesh Topology: Every device is connected to every other device, providing
redundancy.
• Hybrid Topology: A combination of two or more topologies.
4. Network Protocols
• TCP/IP: The core protocol suite for the internet, allowing communication
between devices.
• HTTP/HTTPS: Protocols used for accessing web pages.
• FTP: Protocol for transferring files between devices.
• SMTP: Protocol used for sending emails.
• DNS: Translates domain names (e.g., www.example.com) into IP addresses.
5. Network Models
• OSI Model: A conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a
network in seven layers (Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session,
Presentation, Application).
• TCP/IP Model: A four-layer model used for internet communications
(Network Interface, Internet, Transport, Application).
6. Network Security
• Ensuring data confidentiality, integrity, and availability through firewalls,
encryption, access controls, and security protocols like VPNs.
Understanding these concepts helps in designing, implementing, and managing a
network tailored to specific needs and requirements.

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