Dt : 21/8/2023

Ex-Application:(Demonstrating Instance Blocks in PClass and CClass)

ProjectName : Inheritance_App8

packages,

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p1 : PClass.java

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package p1;
public class PClass
{
public int a;

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System.out.println("****PClass-Instance
Block****");
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System.out.println("The value a:"+a);
}
}
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p1 : CClass.java
package p1;
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public class CClass extends PClass

{
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{
System.out.println("****CClass-Instance
Block***");
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System.out.println("The value a:"+a);

}
}

p2 : DemoInheritance8.java(MainClass)

package p2;
import p1.*;

import java.util.*;

public class DemoInheritance8

public static void main(String[] args)

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{

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Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);

CClass ob = new CClass();

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System.out.println("Enter the value for a:");

ob.a = s.nextInt();
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System.out.println("****main()****");

System.out.println("The value a:"+ob.a);

s.close();
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}
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o/p:

****PClass-Instance Block****
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The value a:0

****CClass-Instance Block***

The value a:0

Enter the value for a:

120
****main()****

The value a:120

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Note:

=>Instance blocks from PClass are executed first,then Instance blocks

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from CClass are executed.

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faq:

define Method Overloading process?

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=>More than one method with same method name but differentiated by their
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Para_list or Para_type is known as Method Overloading process.
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Note:

(i)return_type of methods are not included in Method Overloading process.

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(ii)To perform Method Overloading process,Inheritance is not manditory

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which means we can perform Method Overloading using single class also.
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(iii)we can perform Instance method Overloading,Static method Overloading

and Constructor Overloading.

Ex-1 : (Demonstrating Constructor Overloading process)

ProjectName : Inheritance_App9

packages,

p1 : PClass.java
package p1;
public class PClass {
public PClass(int a)
{

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System.out.println("****PClass(a)****");
System.out.println("a:"+a);

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}
public PClass(int a,int b)
{
this(a);

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System.out.println("****PClass(a,b)****");
System.out.println("a:"+a);
System.out.println("b:"+b);
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}
}

p1 : CClass.java
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package p1;
public class CClass extends PClass
{
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public CClass(int a,int b,int c)

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{
super(a,b);
System.out.println("*****CClass(a,b,c)****");
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System.out.println("a:"+a);
System.out.println("b:"+b);
System.out.println("c:"+c);

}
public CClass(int a,int b,int c,int d)
{
this(a,b,c);//3_para_Con_call
System.out.println("*****CClass(a,b,c,d)****");
 System.out.println("a:"+a);
System.out.println("b:"+b);
System.out.println("c:"+c);
System.out.println("d:"+d);

}
}

p2 : DemoInheritance9.java(MainClass)

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package p2;

import java.util.*;

import p1.*;

public class DemoInheritance9 {

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public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Enter the value a:");

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int a = s.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter the value b:");

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int b = s.nextInt();
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System.out.println("Enter the value c:");

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int c = s.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter the value d:");

int d = s.nextInt();

CClass ob = new CClass(a,b,c,d);//4_para_COn_call

 s.close();

o/p:

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Enter the value a:

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11

Enter the value b:

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12

Enter the value c:

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13

Enter the value d:

14
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****PClass(a)****

a:11
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****PClass(a,b)****

a:11
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b:12

*****CClass(a,b,c)****

a:11

b:12

c:13
*****CClass(a,b,c,d)****

a:11

b:12

c:13

d:14

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==================================================================

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Note:

=>while Object creation process we can call only one constructor for

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execution,but other Constructors can also be executed using Constructor

interlinking process or Constructor Chaining process.

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super() - Interlinking of PClass and CClass Constructors

this() - Interlinking of Constructors from the same class

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Ex-2 :(Demonstrating Instance method Overloading process)

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ProjectName : Inheritance_App10

packages,
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p1 : PClass.java
package p1;
public class PClass {
public void m1(int a)
{
System.out.println("****PClass m1(a)****");
System.out.println("a:"+a);
}
 public void m1(int a,int b)
{
this.m1(a);//1_para_method_call
System.out.println("****PClass m1(a,b)****");
System.out.println("a:"+a);
System.out.println("b:"+b);
}
}

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p1 : CClass.java

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package p1;
public class CClass extends PClass
{

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public void m2(int a,int b,int c)
{
super.m1(a, b);//2_para_method_call
System.out.println("*****CClass m2(a,b,c)****");
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System.out.println("a:"+a);
System.out.println("b:"+b);
System.out.println("c:"+c);

}
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public void m2(int a,int b,int c,int d)

{
this.m2(a, b, c);//3_para_method_call
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System.out.println("*****CClass m2(a,b,c,d)****");
System.out.println("a:"+a);
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System.out.println("b:"+b);
System.out.println("c:"+c);
System.out.println("d:"+d);
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}
}

p2 : DemoInheritance10.java(MainClass)

package p2;
import java.util.*;

import p1.*;

public class DemoInheritance10 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);

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System.out.println("Enter the value a:");

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int a = s.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter the value b:");

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int b = s.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter the value c:");

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int c = s.nextInt();

System.out.println("Enter the value d:");

int d = s.nextInt();
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CClass ob = new CClass();

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ob.m2(a, b, c, d);//4_para_method_Call

s.close();
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o/p:

Enter the value a:

11
Enter the value b:

12

Enter the value c:

13

Enter the value d:

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14

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****PClass m1(a)****

a:11

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****PClass m1(a,b)****

a:11
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b:12

*****CClass m2(a,b,c)****

a:11
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b:12

c:13
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*****CClass m2(a,b,c,d)****

a:11
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b:12

c:13

d:14

=========================================================

Note:
 =>we use "this" and "super" keywords to perform Instance methods

interlinking process or Instance methods Chaining process.

========================================================

Ex-3:(Demonstrating Static method Overloading process)

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faq:

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Can we perform static method Interlinking process using "this" and "super"

keywords?

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=>No,we cannot Interlink static methods using "this" and "super" keywords

because "this" and "super" keywords are NonStatic NonPrimitive datatype

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variables.

(static methods cannot access NonStatic variables)

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faq:
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can we access static methods using "super" and "this" keywords?

=>yes,we can access static methods using "super" and "this" keywords,
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but these keywords are declared within the Instance methods.

ProjectName : Inheritance_App11

packages,

p1 : PClass.java
package p1;
public class PClass {
public static void m1(int a)
{
System.out.println("****PClass m1(a)****");
System.out.println("a:"+a);
}
public static void m1(int a,int b)
{
System.out.println("****PClass m1(a,b)****");

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System.out.println("a:"+a);

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System.out.println("b:"+b);
}
}

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p1 : CClass.java
package p1;
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public class CClass extends PClass
{
public static void m2(int a,int b,int c)
{
System.out.println("*****CClass m2(a,b,c)****");
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System.out.println("a:"+a);
System.out.println("b:"+b);
System.out.println("c:"+c);
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}
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public static void m2(int a,int b,int c,int d)

{
System.out.println("*****CClass m2(a,b,c,d)****");
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System.out.println("a:"+a);
System.out.println("b:"+b);
System.out.println("c:"+c);
System.out.println("d:"+d);

}
public void access(int a,int b,int c,int d)
{
super.m1(a);
 super.m1(a, b);
this.m2(a, b, c);
this.m2(a, b, c, d);
}
}

p2 : DemoInheritance11.java(MainClass)

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package p2;

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import java.util.*;

import p1.*;

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public class DemoInheritance11 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

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Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Enter the value a:");

int a = s.nextInt();
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System.out.println("Enter the value b:");

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int b = s.nextInt();
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System.out.println("Enter the value c:");

int c = s.nextInt();
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System.out.println("Enter the value d:");

int d = s.nextInt();

CClass ob = new CClass();

ob.access(a, b, c, d);//Instance method_call

 s.close();

o/p:

Enter the value a:

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10

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Enter the value b:

20

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Enter the value c:

30
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Enter the value d:

40

****PClass m1(a)****
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a:10

****PClass m1(a,b)****
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a:10

b:20
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*****CClass m2(a,b,c)****

a:10

b:20

c:30

*****CClass m2(a,b,c,d)****
a:10

b:20

c:30

d:40

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=

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Types of Inheritances:

=>Inheritances are categorized into the following:

1.Single Inheritance

2.Multiple Inheritance

3.Multi-Level Inheritance
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4.Hierarchal Inheritance

5.Hybrid Inheritance
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Diagrams:
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