Secondary Teacher’s Diploma 3

ICT 321
Curriculum Studies in ICT III

William Pitcher College

 Online learning design
• Instructional/learning design

• Is the process of designing, developing, delivering

and evaluating content (traditional, online or
blended learning)
 • The use of information communication
Online technologies (ICTs) available on the
internet

• The deliberate focus on how people

Learning learn or master skills, understand and
use concepts and acquire attitudes and
values

• The process of creating an optimal

Design learning environment within specific
contexts
 Online learning design model
• Dabbagh (2005) described online learning:
• as an open and distributed learning environment
• that uses pedagogical tools enabled by,
• Internet and Web-based technologies,
• to facilitate learning and knowledge building through meaningful action and interaction.
• Various learning design models have been devised by different practitioners and
theorists to guide the teacher, lecturer, trainer, educational / learning
technologist in the process of designing an online learning intervention.
• Use the Integrative Learning Design Framework (ILDF) for Online Learning by
Dabbagh & Bannan-Ritland (2005).
• The framework provides a practical, systematic and iterative approach for designing and
developing of online learning interventions.
 Online learning design model

Learning & teaching

strategies

Exploration Learning Enactment

Designer

Learning theories ICT

Pedagogical Affordances
models & design
models Evaluation
Start here
Adopted from Dabbagh &
Bannan-Ritland (2005: 114)
Social & Cultural Context

Figure 1: Integrative Learning Design Framework (ILDF) for Online Learning by Dabbagh &
Bannan-Ritland (2005).
 Online learning design process
• What is to be learned (Digital Content)
• By whom (who is the audience)
• How they might learn best
• Where to learn ( learn anywhere, anytime,
everywhere)
• Implement appropriate pedagogical strategies
• What technological tools (T/L Aids) to use
(Instructional online Intervention)
• Suitable online activities to evaluating the
effectiveness of the intervention.
 Online learning design
 An online learning activity could be a useful response to a situation in a particular
context.
 Learning need
 Where school learners or university students have expressed their desire for
particular instruction or support.
 Teaching need
 Where school teachers, university lecturers, staff trainers have a need for
teaching in their area of expertise or supporting their learners, students or peers
 Institutional need
 Where an institution has decided to offer a course via distance learning or
through a combination of distance and face-to-face teaching – sometimes
referred to as “blended learning”.
 Exploration
Learning & teaching
strategies

Exploration Learning
•Context Designer
•Content
•Students
•Lecturers
ICT
Pedagogical models Affordances
& design models
 Learning & teaching
strategies

Exploration
Phase Learning
Designer
• This is the initial phase
• The context in which the online learning intervention Pedagogical models
ICT
Affordances
will be designed and implemented is investigated and & design models
analyzed .
• Problem is identified and defined (teaching/learning
challenges)
• Context Involves:
• The environment/place in which the online learning activity will
take place such as secondary School, Tertiary/College
• The people that will be interacting with the intervention such as
learners/students/teachers/colleagues
• Investigate the social and cultural factors that may constrain the
design, development and implementation of the intervention.
• Investigate ICTs available, their affordances and instructional
strategies they support
 Learning
Designer Online learner designer
• Placed in the center of the systematic online learning design process
• ROLES of the Online learner designer
• Its to identify all the specific restrictions that can be relevant to the online
learning environment, and that can have or will affect the design process.
• Relies on what the context affords in order to design and develop an effective
online learning intervention.
• Study the context, to know the available resources and their compatibility,
• Know what laws, practices and believes governing the environment that may
affect and interpret the functioning of an activity.
• Look deeply on the engagement between what is learning and how learning
takes place in relation to the context
 Online Learning Design Assignment one
Exploration Phase
• This assignment is a description of a blueprint for your online prototype.
1. Compile a presentation to introduce your proposal of intent (your intention or
purpose).
2. Describe the problem (What is the problem that the online intervention would
respond to)
3. Explain how the problem will be solved, mention the online learning intervention that
you will use to solve the problem.
4. Explain the objective of using that intervention, what is it that you want to archive.
• (i.e Develop an online learning intervention to increase learner engagement to improve their
performance in mathematics).
5. Explain the context:
• Identify the environment/place in which the online learning activity will take place such as
secondary School, Tertiary/College
• Mention the people that will be interacting with the intervention such
learners/students/teachers/colleagues
• Discuss briefly the content to be taught/learnt
 Social and cultural context

• The online learning activity exists in a context surrounded by social and

cultural factors, represented by the circle.
• Contextual factors that may affect the development and implementation of
the online learning intervention
• The ILDF frames the systematic process of the design and development in the
social and cultural context.
• Social and cultural place emphases on laws, practices and believes within
the environment that affect and interpret the functioning of an activity.
 Social and cultural context
• Social and cultural issues/factors that need to be considered during the
development and implementation of the intervention.
• Demographics of your audience (i.e learners)
• Demographic information allows you to better understand certain background characteristics of
the audience:
• Age, race, ethnicity, income, work situation, marital status, etc.
• Personal profile
• Who are the stakeholders on the online learning activity?
• What are their roles and responsibilities in terms of this activity?
 Social and cultural context……
• Organisational issues
• Do you have an ICT policy in your institution?
• Are there adequate infrastructural provision to support the learning activity?
• Pedagogical issues
• How comfortable are you with using technology?
• What are the instructional strategies you have for face to face and online learning?
• What resources do you have to enhance your teaching and learning activities?
• Technological infrastructure
• Is the online learning activity accessible to the audience?
• Financial issues
• Affordability
• Feasibility
• Sustainability
 Enactment

Learning & teaching

strategies

Exploration Learning Enactment

•Context Designer
•Pedagogy
•Content •ICT
•Students affordances
•Lecturers

Pedagogical models & ICT

design models Affordances
 ENACTMENT PHASE
• Involves the design and development of the online learning intervention.
• It is informed by all the information gathered in the exploration phase.
• It involves the following activities:
1. The designer maps the context, pedagogical models and instructional
strategies into an implementation plan for carrying these out on an online
platform.
2. Identify specific pedagogical models,
3. Instructional strategies,
4. and affordances supported by the tool
5. The instructional strategies selected are then enacted (acted out) through
available technological features.
6. Develop a more fully detailed intervention that will best address your
teaching/learning challenge.
• Pedagogical models

INFORMS

• Instructional strategies
Enacted /acted out
through

• Available technologies
 Important Points to consider for the
enactment phase
• How do you think learners learn best in your setting?
• What did you learn from the exploration phase about the learners,
content and context and how does it affect your thinking about the
design of your online instruction.
• Which pedagogical models are most closely aligned with your beliefs
and understanding of learning processes.
• Can you identify the instructional characteristics of the models you
selected
• What instructional strategies seem most appropriate for and
applicable to your learners and setting
• Select specific instructional strategies that align with the selected
pedagogical models
• What technological tool are you using or designing, can you
determine the available features and attributes of the tool
• Which technological features might best support the instructional
strategies you selected
 Digital content
• Digital content is the online data that is used for teaching and learning.
• Be it the online or offline mode of learning
• Benefits/advantages of Digital content:
• Simplifies learning-- breaks down complex concepts for learners thus making
difficult concepts easy and comprehensible
• Makes learning process more engaging, interactive and interesting for the
learners.
• Facilitates personalized Learning since learners have access to digital content all
the time, and they can revisit lessons repeatedly and learn at their own pace.
• They can re-watch or re-read digital content as many times.
• Digital content enables teachers to easily assess the students using online
assessments.
 Creating digital content
• Digital content can be created using
• Pictures, videos, games, digital notes, audio and animated content
• Reach learners with video,
• learners can interact with the content through the video