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Lecture Note Theory of Structures

The document discusses the principles of structural analysis and design, focusing on static determinacy, indeterminacy, and instability of structures. It outlines criteria for classifying structures as statically determinate, indeterminate, or unstable, and includes sample problems for practical application. Additionally, it introduces the conjugate beam method for analyzing deflections and mentions influence lines for beams.

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12STEM6MAÑIGOSALLEN GRACE
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3 views

Lecture Note Theory of Structures

The document discusses the principles of structural analysis and design, focusing on static determinacy, indeterminacy, and instability of structures. It outlines criteria for classifying structures as statically determinate, indeterminate, or unstable, and includes sample problems for practical application. Additionally, it introduces the conjugate beam method for analyzing deflections and mentions influence lines for beams.

Uploaded by

12STEM6MAÑIGOSALLEN GRACE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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St.

Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

Principle of Structural Analysis and Design


STRUCTURAL THEORY
STATIC DETERMINACY, INDETERMINACY, AND INSTABILITY

A. Internal Stability

A structure is considered to be internally stable, or rigid, if it maintains its shape and remains a
rigid body when detached from the supports. Conversely, a structure is termed internally unstable (or
nonrigid) if it cannot maintain its shape and may undergo large displacements under small disturbances
when not supported externally.

B. Static Determinacy of Internally Stable Structures

𝒊𝒆 = 𝒓 − 𝟑

where r = number of external reactions


ie < 0, the structure is statically unstable externally
ie = 0, the structure is statically determinate externally
ie > 0, the structure is statically indeterminate externally

SAMPLE PROBLEMS

1. Classify each of the structures as statistically determinate, statistically indeterminate, or


unstable. If indeterminate, specify the degree of indeterminacy. The supports or connections are
to be assumed as stated.
St. Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

C. Static Determinacy of Internally Unstable Structures

𝒊𝒆 = (𝒓 + 𝒇𝒊) − 𝟑𝒏 𝒐𝒓 𝒊𝒆 = 𝒓 − ( 𝟑 + 𝒆𝒄)

Where: r = number of external reactions


fi = number of internal force reactions
n = number of rigid body members
ec = equation of conditions for internal support (hinge, ec = 1 : roller, ec = 2)
ie < 0, the structure is statically unstable externally
ie = 0, the structure is statically determinate externally
ie > 0, the structure is statically indeterminate externally

2. Classify each of the structures as statistically determinate, statistically indeterminate, or


unstable. If indeterminate, specify the degree of indeterminacy. The supports or connections
are to be assumed as stated.

D. Static Determinacy of Trusses and Frames


St. Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

ANALYSIS OF STATICALLY DETERMINATE STRUCTURES

A. Reactions

Problem 4. For the gable frame shown, the design wind force on structures is composed as the
product of the basic wind pressure, p, and the wind coefficient, c. Wind force is a pressure if the
coefficient is positive and a suction if the coefficient is negative. Given the following data:

c1 = 0.80 , c2 = -0.10, c3 = -0.50, c4 = -0.40

p = 1.44 kPa

Consider 4m design tributary width of the given three-hinged arch. Determine the reactions at A,
B, and C.
St. Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

B. Deflections

Conjugate Beam Method


The conjugate-beam method was developed by H.Muller – Breslau in 1865. Essentially, it
required the same amount of computation as the moment-area theorems to determine a beam’s
slope or deflection; this method relies only on the principles of statics and hence its application
will be more familiar.

Theorem 1: The slope at a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the shear at the
corresponding point in the conjugate beam.

Theorem 2: The displacement of a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the moment at the
corresponding point in the conjugate beam.
St. Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
St. Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
St. Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

INFLUENCE LINES FOR BEAMS


St. Michaels College
College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

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