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Physics Lab'

The document outlines an experiment using a vernier caliper to measure the radius and volume of small and large spheres. It details the objectives, apparatus, procedure, and observations required to accurately calculate the diameter and radius of the spheres. The experiment emphasizes the importance of avoiding errors and recording measurements systematically.

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sehartahir121
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6 views4 pages

Physics Lab'

The document outlines an experiment using a vernier caliper to measure the radius and volume of small and large spheres. It details the objectives, apparatus, procedure, and observations required to accurately calculate the diameter and radius of the spheres. The experiment emphasizes the importance of avoiding errors and recording measurements systematically.

Uploaded by

sehartahir121
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT 01

Measurements using Vernier Caliper


Objectives:
In this lab, we are going to use vernier caliper to measure radius and volume of sphere.
Aim:
Calculate the radius and volume of small and large sphere by measuring its diameter with a
vernier caliper.
Apparatus:
Vernier caliper, spherical small bob and spherical large bob
Figure:

Procedure:
1. Keep the jaws of the vernier caliper closed. Make sure that the zero of the main scale perfectly
coincides with the zero of the vernier scale. If it doesn’t coincide account for the zero error for all
observations.
2. Using a magnifying glass, look for the division of the main scale that coincides with the division of the
vernier scale. Note down the number of the division that coincides with each other. To avoid parallax
error, position your eye directly over the division mark.
3. Release the movable jaw by gently loosening the screw. Slide it enough to hold the sphere or the
cylindrical body between the jaws without any undue pressure. Align it perfectly perpendicular to the
diameter of the body. Gently tighten the screw in order to clamp the instrument in this position to the
body.
4. Note down the position of the zero of the vernier scale against the zero of the main scale. Normally, it
will not perfectly coincide with any of the divisions on the main scale. Record the main scale division to
the left of the zero marks of the vernier scale. Note the number of lines before zero of VS which is main
scale reading M.S.R.

Look for the exact coincidence of the vernier scale division with that of the main scale division in the
vernier window from the left end to the right. Note down the number N.
6. Multiply the obtained N by the least count of the instrument Make sure to convert the product into
proper units(mm) for valid addition. This is vernier scale reading V.S.R.Add M.S.R and V.S.R to get the
diameter.
7. Repeat (3 times for large and small sphere) steps 3-7 to get the positions of the body at different
positions on its curved surface. Make sure to take three sets of reading in each case.
8. Record the observations in a tabular column with proper reading.
9. Find the arithmetic mean of the corrected readings of the diameter of the body. Do zero correction if
any.
10. Divide the diameter by 2 to get the radius.
Observations

 Least Count of Vernier Calipers


 Minimum main scale division = 1 mm
 Number of Venier scale division N = 20

Least Count = Minimum division on MS / No. of divisions on VS Vernier constant/ Least count (LC) =
1mm/20 = 0.05 mm
SR M.S. R No. of div (n) V.S.R = n * Least Count Total Diameter= M.S.R Average
* V.S. R Diameter=
D1+D2+D3/3
1
2
3

Mean Observed Diameter = ……mm


Corrected Diameter(D) = Mean Observed Diameter – Zero Error (if any) Radius (R)=Diameter (D)/2

Result
The radius of the given sphere/cylinder is mm.

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