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Performance Test of Generator Excitation System

This paper presents the performance testing of the excitation system at Qinshan Phase II Nuclear Power Station, focusing on the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and its parameters. The tests confirmed the AVR's regulation performance and validated the parameters, ensuring the excitation system meets the power grid's requirements. The findings provide a theoretical and practical foundation for the stable operation of the nuclear power unit.

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tosikur rahman
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47 views4 pages

Performance Test of Generator Excitation System

This paper presents the performance testing of the excitation system at Qinshan Phase II Nuclear Power Station, focusing on the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and its parameters. The tests confirmed the AVR's regulation performance and validated the parameters, ensuring the excitation system meets the power grid's requirements. The findings provide a theoretical and practical foundation for the stable operation of the nuclear power unit.

Uploaded by

tosikur rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Advances in Engineering Research, volume 128

7th International Conference on Manufacturing Science and Engineering (ICMSE 2017)

Research on Performance Test of Generator Excitation System

Xiaohui Shena, Yanxun Weib


CNNP Nuclear Power Operations Management Co., Ltd. Haiyan, Zhejiang, 314300, China
a
[email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: synchronous generator, three-machine brushless excitation system, automatic voltage


regulator (AVR), performance test.
Abstract. With the change of the large power grid’s security and stability situation, the technical
requirements of the power plant excitation system modeling and power system stabilizer (PSS) setting
are continuously improved. In order to analyze the operation status of the excitation system of the
grid-connected unit, and ensure the operation condition of the excitation system meet the requirements
of the power grid. The performance test of Qinshan Phase II Nuclear Power Station excitation system
was carried out in this paper, which proved the regulation performance of automatic voltage regulator
(AVR) and confirms the rationality of the parameters. Moreover, this paper provided a theoretical
evidence and practical foundation for the stable operation of the unit.

Introduction
Generator excitation system is an important part of synchronous generator. It can track the field
current of the exciter before grid connection and track the terminal voltage of the generator after grid
connection. On this basis, it can steadily provide the field current to the synchronous generator not only
from no load to full load, but also overload. Besides, it can maintain the generator terminal voltage at a
given level, adjust the reactive power distribution, improve the safety and stability of power system
operation, and ensure the reliability of power quality [1]. When the voltage drops because of some
power system fault, the excitation system should be able to quickly forced excitation to improve the
system stability. When a short circuit fault occurs in the synchronous generator, it is necessary to
quickly eliminate the excitation to troubleshooting and limit the fault to a minimum range [2].
Unit 1、2 of Qinshan Phase II Nuclear Power Station use MEC5230 digital dual-channel automatic
voltage regulator (AVR) manufactured by Mitsubishi Corporation, which is the three-machine
brushless excitation system with high initial response. PID+PSS control mode is adopted.
The performance of excitation system depends on the parameters. The proper parameter setting can
improve the system stability and increase the damping of the system. However, the improper parameter
setting may bring threat to the safety and stability of the unit and power system [3].
As the large power grid‘s security and stability situation changes, the technical requirements of the
power plant excitation system modeling and power system stabilizer (PSS) setting are continuously
improved. Thus, in order to analyze the operation status of the excitation system of the grid-connected
unit, and ensure the operation condition of the excitation system to meet the requirements of the power
grid. This paper carried on the performance analysis of Qinshan Phase II Nuclear Power Station
excitation system to prove the regulation performance of AVR and validate the rationality of the
parameters.

Brushless Excitation System


Generator excitation and voltage regulation adopt the coaxial brushless excitation. Its role is to
guarantee that the excitation can build the rotor rotating magnetic field, adjust the required no-load
voltage for synchronization before the generator is connected to the grid, and regulate the reactive
power exchanged with power gird after grid connection, so as to maintain a constant generator
terminal voltage.

Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.


This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 375
Advances in Engineering Research, volume 128

Meanwhile, the excitation system can monitor the field grounding for generator and exciter, and
limit the current of rotor and stator to guarantee the stable operation of the generator and prevent
overheating, so as to ensure the safety of generator and the quality of output power.
Excitation system is an automatic control system composed of synchronous generator, power unit
and AVR. The basic block diagram is shown in Fig. 1. AVR detects the voltage, current or other state
value of generator, and then sent a control signal to power unit according to the given regulation
criterion, so as to realize the control function.

Fig. 1 The structure diagram of excitation system


Three-machine brushless excitation system consists of a 400Hz three-phase AC permanent
magnetic generator (PMG) with a permanent magnetic rotor and a fixed stator. The 400Hz three-phase
AC output from the PMG stator is rectified under the control of the AVR, and its DC output is supplied
to the field coil of the main exciter.
There is also a main exciter with a 200Hz three-phase AC rotating armature and a static DC
magnetic field, which supplies power to a rotary rectifier (diode rectifier bridge). The 200Hz
three-phase AC output from the main exciter armature coil is supplied to the rotary rectifier for
rectification. The DC output from the rotary rectifier is supplied to the generator rotor coil through
conducting rod, thereby providing the generator field current so that the electrical power output from
generator can meet the requirement. The control principle is shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 The control principle of the excitation system

Model of Excitation System


AVR is the host-standby dual-channel excitation regulator, using PID+PSS control method. According
to the control principle and logic provided by the equipment manufacturer, the block diagram of the
excitation system is shown in Fig. 3 [4].

Fig. 3 Excitation system PID+PSS transfer function block diagram

376
Advances in Engineering Research, volume 128

Experiment Results
(1) Generator No-load Characteristic Test
In the no-load characteristic test, the generator voltage was raised to 120% of the rated voltage
without the main transformer.
The no-load characteristic curve was shown in Fig. 4 according to the no-load characteristic data
measured in field test.

Fig. 4 Measured generator no-load characteristic curve


(2) Generator No-load Step Response Test
Raise the generator voltage to 95% of the no-load set value by excitation regulator, and carry out
5% step response test. The recorded wave is shown in Fig. 5.
In the 5% step response test, the oscillation number of the generator voltage is 1.0 time, over shoot
MP is 28.1%, rise time TUP is 0.21s, peak value time TP is 0.55s, adjustment time TS is 0.85s. All the
performance indicators of no-load step response meet the requirements of the national standard and the
industry standard.

Fig. 5 Generator no-load 5% step response curve


(3) Generator No-load Large Step Response Test
Regulate the generator voltage to 15370V by AVR (the anode voltage of the silicon controlled
rectifier is 295V when the terminal voltage is 75% of the rated). At this time, carry out 20% step test
and record the response curves of stator voltage Uab, field voltage Uf and field current If as shown in Fig.
6

Fig. 6(a) Generator no-load large step up curve

377
Advances in Engineering Research, volume 128

Fig. 6(b) Generator no-load large step down curve


(4) Generator Adjustment Polarity Test
Generator grid-connected operation, load is stable, excitation regulator is in automatic operation,
and the given value of the terminal voltage remains constant. Rapidly and respectively adjust the
adjustment coefficient to 0%、5%、0%、-5%、0%, record the test results of reactive power, terminal
voltage, rotor voltage and rotor current as shown in Fig. 7.

Fig.7 Record of adjustment polarity test


As can be seen from Fig.7, the adjustment polarity of AVR is opposite to that of the national
standard. The adjustment coefficient of our AVR is set to 0%, which is equivalent to -0% in national
standard.

Conclusions
In this paper, the performance test of the excitation system of Qinshan Phase II Nuclear Power Station
was carried out. During the test, all the states of the unit were normal, and the data and curves of each
parameter were correct. The test results verified the good regulation performance of AVR, and
provided sufficient theoretical basis and practical foundation.

References
[1] Juyuan Yang, Zhengtuan Wu. The Principle Analysis and Application of Brushless Excitation
System and Excitation Control System, Automation of Electric Power Systems, 1988, 22(11):
74-78, in Chinese.
[2] Guoyun Luo, Dongcha Yan, Xueping Zhu. Simulation of Synchronous Motor Excitation Control
System Based on MATLAB, Electric Drive, 2003, 5: 62-64, in Chinese.
[3] Jinping Xie. The Parameters Setting and Simulating to Excitation System of Nuclear Power
Generator, Zhejiang: Zhejiang University, 2009, in Chinese.
[4] MITSUBISHI Electric Corporation. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) Specification.

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