Minor Project Proposal on

Online Bus Reservation System

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Information Technology

Under Pokhara University

Submitted By:

Anil Basnet, 211508

Bidhan Shrestha, 211512

Ishan Sah, 211517

Date:

Nov 26, 2024

Department of IT Engineering

NEPAL COLLEGE OF
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Balkumari, Lalitpur, Nepal
 ABSTRACT
The Online Bus Ticket Reservation System (OBTRS) is an online program that was
created to automate and simplify bus transportation services. Quick and effective
ticket buying is ensured by this system, which allows seat bookings and route queries.
OBTRS optimizes customer relationship management and operational efficiency by
centralizing reservation, bus and customer data. The project uses MySQL for the
back-end database and PHP for front-end development, adhering to the Structured
Systems Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM).

The importance of our project to the transportation industry in Nepal is that it offers a
user-friendly interface for smooth interactions and supports a number of features, such
as managing customer and bus details. Main aim of our project to bring stability in
Bus Reservation System and provides easy travelling experience.

Other features like online payment integration via credit/debit cards and email
notifications for ticket delivery are implemented to further enhance its usefulness. By
providing a scalable and effective solution for bus ticketing and operational
administration, this project represents a major step toward digital transformation in
the transportation industry.

Keywords: PHP, MySQL, Transportation, Reservation and OBTRS

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 Table of Contents
ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................i

1. Introduction......................................................................................................................1

2. Problem Statement...........................................................................................................2

3. Project Objectives.............................................................................................................3

4. Significance of the study...................................................................................................4

5. Scope................................................................................................................................5

6. Limitation..........................................................................................................................6

7. Literature Review..............................................................................................................7

8. Methodology....................................................................................................................8

8.1 Incremental Model........................................................................................................8

9. Gantt Chart.......................................................................................................................9

10. Use Case Diagram...........................................................................................................10

11. Data Flow Diagran...........................................................................................................11

12. Expected Outcomes........................................................................................................13

13. References:.....................................................................................................................14

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1. Introduction
Transportation is an essential part of daily life, and in Nepal, buses are one of the
most widely used modes of public transport. However, the traditional methods of bus
ticket booking in the country often involve long queues, manual errors, and a lack of
transparency. These challenges have created significant inefficiencies in the
transportation sector, leading to passenger dissatisfaction and missed opportunities for
service providers.

In the digital era, online solutions have revolutionized the way services are delivered,
offering convenience, accuracy, and accessibility. This project proposal aims to
design and develop a Bus Reservation System, a platform tailored to the needs of
passengers and bus operators in Nepal. The system will digitize the ticket booking
process, providing real-time seat availability, fare calculation, and a user-friendly
interface for both web and mobile applications.

The proposed system will integrate multiple features such as secure payment
gateways, route scheduling, and automated notifications. By addressing the challenges
associated with traditional booking systems, this project seeks to create a robust and
scalable platform that caters to both urban and rural users.

The Bus Reservation System aligns with the growing trend of digital transformation
in Nepal, promoting convenience and efficiency for passengers while streamlining
operations for bus operators. This proposal outlines the system's design, objectives,
and anticipated outcomes, with the aim of enhancing public transportation services
and contributing to the overall modernization of Nepal’s transportation sector.

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2. Problem Statement

 Manual ticket booking leads to delays and errors.

 Lack of transparency in seat availability and pricing.
 Inconvenience for passengers to visit counters for booking.
 Inefficiencies in managing peak demand and cancellations.
 Absence of centralized platforms to integrate multiple bus operators.

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3. Project Objectives
 To create a user-friendly online platform for booking tickets.
 To provide real-time seat availability and dynamic pricing.
 To improve operational efficiency for bus operators.
 To reduce manual workload and minimize booking errors.
 To offer enhanced customer service with flexible payment options.

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4. Significance of the study

 Enhance convenience for passengers through online and web-based booking.

 Boost revenue for bus operators by attracting more customers.
 Provide data-driven insights for optimizing bus schedules and routes.
 Promote digital transformation in Nepal's transportation industry.

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5. Scope
 The system will cater to intercity and long-distance bus services in Nepal.
 Features will include ticket booking, seat selection, payment integration, and
cancellation.
 Proper web application will be developed for passengers.

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6. Limitation
a. Internet Accessibility:
 Limited internet connectivity in rural and remote areas.
 High data costs and inadequate infrastructure can restrict access.
b. Digital Literacy:
 Many users, especially in rural areas, lack the skills to use online systems.
 Hesitation to adopt new technologies among certain demographics.
c. Resistance to Change:
 Traditional operators may resist adopting digital systems due to unfamiliarity or
distrust.
 Concerns over transparency and perceived loss of control.
d. Payment Gateway Challenges:
 Not all users have access to digital wallets like eSewa or Khalti.
 Technical challenges and transaction fees for payment gateway integration.

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7. Literature Review
BusSewa.com is an innovative platform that simplifies bus ticket booking in Nepal by
allowing passengers to book seats online through its website or mobile application. It
integrates real-time seat availability, route details, and a wide network of bus
operators, making the ticketing process convenient and efficient. Additionally, it
supports local digital payment gateways like E-Sewa and Khalti, catering to the
growing demand for digital transactions in Nepal. By eliminating the need to visit
physical ticket counters, the platform enhances user convenience and promotes digital
transformation in the transportation sector.

Despite its many advantages, BusSewa.com faces some limitations that hinder its
ability to fully cater to all user demographics and regions. Addressing these
drawbacks can further strengthen its position as a reliable ticketing platform in
Nepal’s transportation industry.

Disadvantages of BusSewa.com

 Limited Accessibility in Rural Areas: Poor internet connectivity and

low technological infrastructure make it difficult for users in remote regions to
access the platform.

 Exclusion Due to Digital Literacy: Many users, particularly in rural

areas and among older populations, struggle with using online platforms.

 Technical Issues: Occasional glitches, such as payment failures or slow

system response, can frustrate users.

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8. Methodology
8.1 Incremental Model

The incremental model is a software development approach that breaks down the
project into small, manageable increments or modules. Each increment goes through
the entire software development life cycle, including requirements gathering, design,
development, testing, and deployment. This model focuses on delivering functional
increments of the software at regular intervals, allowing for continuous integration
and improvement.

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Fig 8.1: Incremental Model

(Source: www.javatpoint.com)

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9. Gantt Chart
A working schedule, also known as a work schedule or timetable, outlines the planned
hours and tasks for individuals or teams within an organization. It helps to organize
and manage workload, ensure effective resource allocation, and promote productivity.
Conduct market research, define project scope, identify key features and
functionalities and create a requirements document. Create wireframes, design user
interface mockups, gather feedback, and iterate on design elements.

Activities Week 1 Week 2-4 Week 5-6 Week 7 Week 8

Planning

Research

Documentation

Design

Coding & Testing

Implementation

Fig 8: Iteration I

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10. Use Case Diagram

Fig 9: Use Case Diagram

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11. DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

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12. Expected Outcomes
 A fully functional Bus Reservation System (website).
 Real-time seat availability and ticket booking features.
 Secure payment gateway integration.
 Comprehensive analytics dashboard for bus operators.
 Student id card validation (for discount).

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13. References:
• https://app.diagrams.net/

• https://bussewa.com/

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