SOLUTION TO DIFFERENTIATION

TUTORIAL–2

1.  y = a cos (log x) – b sin (log x)

dy  1  x  .1  x 0  1 
  
  sin  log x   b cos  log x  

dy
a 
dx  1  x 2 
dx x x

dy 1
 a sin  log x   b cos  log x   
  dx  x 2
1 
x
sinx
8. (i) Let y = x . Then,
dy sin x log x
 x   [a sin (log x) + b cos (log x)] y=e
dx
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get

 b log a b 
d2y dy  a cos  log x  b sin  log x   y  a  e  eb log a 
x      
dx 2 dx  x x  x
dy d
 esin x.log x (sin x . log x)
2 d2 y
dy dx dx
 x x y0
dx 2 dx
dy  d d
5. We have,   x sin x .log x sin x   sin x.  log x 
2 3
dx  dx dx 
x + 2xy + y = 42
Differentiating both sides of this w.r.t. x, we  esin x log x  x sin x 
get  

d d d d dy  sin x 
 x sin x cos x.log x 
dx
x2  2 
dx
 xy  
dx
y3 
dx
 42  
dx  x 


log x
( i i) Let y = (sin x) . Then,
 dy  dy
 2x + 2  x  y.1  3y 2 0  a b  eb log a 
 dx  dx y=e
log x. log sin x
 

dy 2
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
 2x + 2y + (2x + 3y ) = 0
dx
dy d
 elog x. log sin x log x. log sin x
dy dx dx
2
 (2x + 3y ) = – 2 (x +y)
dx
dy  d d
  sin x 
log x
.log sin x  log x   log x.  log sin x  
dx  dx dx 
dy 2 x  y 

 dx 2x  3y 2   dy
  sin x 
log x  log sin x
  log x.
1
.cos

x

dx  x sin x 
6. We have,

x 1 y  y 1 x  0 dy log x  log sin x 

   sin x    cot x.log x 
dx  x 
 x 1  y  y 1  x cos x
9. Let y = (sin x) . Then,
2 2 cos x. log sin x
x (1 + y) = y (1 + x) y=e
2 2 2
 x – y = y (1 + x) On differentiating both sides w.r.to x, we get
[On squaring both sides]
dy d
2 2
 x – y = y x – x y
2 2
 ecos x. log sin x  cos x.log sin x 
dx dx
 (x + y) (x – y) = – xy (x – y)
 x + y = – xy dy  d d
  sin x cos x log sin x  cos x   cos x.  log sin x  
dx  dx dx 
 x  y  0. as x  y does not 
 
 satisfy the given equation  dy  1 
 sin x cos x   sin x.log sin x  cos x. .cos x 
 x = – y – xy dx  sin x 
 y(1 + x) = – x
dy cos x  cos2 x 
x  dx  sin x    sin x log sin x  .
sin x 
 y =– 
1 x

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 x
dy x  d d
10. (i) Let y = x x . Then,
   log x  log  log x  .  x   x.  log  log x  
dx  dx dx 
x . log x
y  ex
  d 
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. to x, we get  x log x 2  log x.  log x  
  dx 
dy x d
dx
 e x . log x
dx
x x . log x   
dy x 
  log x  log  log x   x.
1 1  1
.   x log x 2 log x. 
dx  log x x   x
dy x d

dx
 xx
dx

e x log x .log x  dy x 1  log x  2 log x 
   log x  log  log x   x  .
dx  log x   x 
dy x  d x log x d
  xx log x. e 
 e x log x .  log x  

dx  dx dx 
cot x 2x 2  3
12. Let y = x  . Then,
x2  x  2
dy x  x log x d 1
  xx log x . e  x log x   e x log x . 
dx  dx x
2x 2  3
y  ecot x.log x 
dy x2  x  2
x   1  1
  x x log x . x x  x.  log x   x x . 
dx   x  x
 cot x cot x 
 x  elog x  ecot x. log x 

dy x  x x x 
  xx  x 1  log x  . log x   On differentiating both sides w.r.to x, we get
dx  x 

dy d cot x. log x d  2x 2  3 

dy x  1
 x x . x x 1  log x  .log x  

dx dx
e     
dx  x 2  x  2 
dx  x
x x
( i i) Let y = (x ) . Then,
x 2
x2  dxd  2x 2
 
 3  2x 2  3  dxd  x 2
x 2 
x.x x2  2
y = x = x
x 2
x 2 
 x 2 . log x
ye
dy d
On differentiating both sides w.r.to x, we get  ecot x. log x  cot x.log x 
dx dx
dy 2 d
dx
 e x . log x
dx
x 2.log x   dy 
 x cot x log x.
d d
cot x   cot x.  log x 
dx  dx dx 
dy 2  d d
  ex . log x  log x. x2  x2.  log x  
  x 2
 
 x  2  4x   2x 2  3  2x  1 
dx  dx dx 
 2

dy 2  1
x 2
x 2 
  x x  log x.2x  x 2. 
dx  x
dy  cot x  2x 2  14x  3
 x cot x  cosec2 x.log x   2
x 2 . log x x2  dx x 

 e x 
 x2  x  2  
3/2
dy 2 x  x  4
  x x  2x.log x  x  13. Let y = .
dx  4x  3 4/3
dy 2 Taking log both sides, we get
  x  x x  2 log x  1 .
dx
1 3 4
11.
x
Let y = (log x) + x log x. Then, log y = log x + log (x + 4) – log (4x – 3)
2 2 3
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
ye
log  log x  x
e

log x log x 
1 dy 1 3 1 d 4 1 d
 y = ex log (log x) + e log x. log x   . .  x  4    4x  3 
y dx 2x 2 x  4 dx 3 4x  3 dx
On differentiating both sides w.r.to x,
we get dy  1 3 4 
  y    4
dx  2x 2  x  4  3  4x  3  
dy 2 d
x log  log x  d
x log  log x   e
log x 
e .   log x 2
dx dx dx 3/2
dy x  x  4  1 3 16 
  4/3    .
dx  4x  3   2x 2  x  4  3  4x  3  

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 16. The given series may be written as
2x  1
14. Let z = . Then,
x2  1 y  sin x  y
y = f(z) 
2
y = sin x + y [Squaring both sides]

dy d d dz dy dy
  {f(z)}  {f(z)}. 2y  cos x 
dx dx dz dx dx dx
[Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x]
dy d  2x  1 
  f ' z   
dx dx  x 2  1  dy
 2y  1  cos x
dx
 
dy
 f 'z 

2

 2 x  1   2x  1 2x 

dy cos x
 2   .
dx 
 
x2  1  

dx 2y  1

17. The given function may be written as

x+y
dy
 sin z 2
  
2 x 2  1  4x 2  2x  y=e
 dx 2  log y = (x + y) . log e

x2  1  [Taking log of both sides]
 log y = x + y
 f '  x   sin x 2 
  [  log e = 1]
 f '  z   sin z2 
1 dy dy
  1 [Differentiating w.r.t. x]
y dx dx
2 2

dy  2x  1  1  x  x 
  2 sin  2   2  dy  1 
dx   1  1
 x  1   x2  1 
     dx  y 

15. We have, dy y
 
x x x sin x dx 1  y
cos .cos .cos ... 
2 4 8 x 19. (a) xsiny = ysinx
Taking log on both sides, we get  sin y log x = sin x log y

x x x Differentiating with respect to x;

log cos + log cos + log cos ... = log sin x
2 4 8
1 dy 1 dy
– log x sin y  log x cos y  sin x  log y cos x
x dx y dx
Differentiating both sides with respect to x,
we get
dy  sin x  sin y
  log x cos y    cos x log y 
x x x dx  y  x
sin sin sin
1 2 1 4 1 8 ...  cos x  1

2 cos x 4 cos x 8 cos x sin x x dy xy cos x log y  y sin y
2 4 8  
dx xy log x cos y  x sin x

1 x 1 x 1 x 1 (b) x3 + y3 – 3xy = 1
  tan  tan  tan ...  cot x 
2 2 4 4 8 8 x Differentiating with respect to x;
Differentiating both sides with respect to x,
we get dy  dy 
3x 2  3y 2  3 x  y.1  0
dx  dx 
1 x 1 x 1 x 1
 sec2  2 sec2  2 sec2 ...   cosec 2x  2
22 2 4 4 8 8 x
dy y  x 2
 
dx y 2  x
1 x 1 x 1 x 1
 sec2  2 sec2  2 sec2 ...  cosec2 x  2
22 2 4 4 8 8 x

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

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