Using the system

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Unit objectives
IBM Power Systems

After completing this unit, you should be able to:

• Log in and out of the system
• State the structure of AIX commands
• Execute basic AIX commands
• Use AIX commands to communicate with other users

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Logging in and out
IBM Power Systems

• To log in:
login: team01
team01's Password: (the password does not appear)
$

• To log out:
$ <Ctrl-d> (or)
$ exit (or)
$ logout
login:

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Passwords
IBM Power Systems

• Creating or changing:

$ passwd
Changing password for "team01"
team01's Old password:
team01's New password:
Re-enter team01's new password:
$

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Command format
IBM Power Systems

• AIX commands have the following format:

$ command option(s) argument(s)

$ ls
$ ls –l
$ ls /dev
$ ls –l /dev

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Command format examples
IBM Power Systems

Wrong: Right:
1. Separation: 1. Separation:
$ mail - f newmail $ mail -f newmail
$ who-u $ who -u
2. Order: 2. Order:
$ mail newmail -f $ mail -f newmail
$ team01 mail $ mail team01
$ -u who $ who -u
3. Multiple options: 3. Multiple options:
$ who -m-u $ who -m -u
$ who -m u $ who -mu
4. Multiple arguments: 4. Multiple arguments:
$ mail team01team02 $ mail team01 team02
There are exceptions!!
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The date and cal commands
IBM Power Systems

• Checking the date:

$ date
Wed Mar 16 10:15:00 GMT 2011
$

• Looking at a month:
$ cal 1 2003
January 2003
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30 31

• Looking at a year:
$ cal 2007

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The clear, echo, and banner commands
IBM Power Systems

• clear: Clears the terminal screen

$ clear

• echo: Writes what follows to the screen

$ echo Lunch is at 12:00
Lunch is at 12:00
$

• banner: Writes character strings in large letters to the screen

$ banner Hello

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Activity: Questions and answers
IBM Power Systems

• What's wrong with the following commands?

– $ du -s k _______________________________
– $ df-k _______________________________
– $ du -a-k _______________________________

• Which command...
– Changes your password? _____________
– Clears the screen? ____________
– Prints out the current system date? _____________
– Exits the current shell? _____________

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The who and finger commands
IBM Power Systems

• Finding who is on the system:

$ who
root lft0 Sept 4 14:29
team01 pts/0 Sept 4 17:21

• Finding who you are:

$ who am i
team01 pts/0 Sept 4 17:21
$ whoami
team01

• Displaying information about the users currently logged on:

$ finger team02
Login name: team02
Directory: /home/team02 Shell:
/usr/bin/ksh
On since Mar 04 16:17:10 on tty3
No Plan.
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Sending mail
IBM Power Systems

$ mail team01
Subject: Meeting
There will be a brief announcement meeting today
in room 602 at noon.
<Ctrl-d>
Cc: <Enter>
$

$ mail team20@sys2
Subject: Don't Forget!
Don't forget about the meeting today!
<Ctrl-d>
Cc: <Enter>
$

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Receiving mail
IBM Power Systems

[YOU HAVE NEW MAIL]

$ mail
Mail [5.2 UCB] [AIX5.X] Type ? for help
"/var/spool/mail/team01": 2 messages 1 new
U 1 team05 Tue Jan 4 10:50 10/267 "Hello !"
>N 2 team02 Wed Jan 5 11:25 16/311 "Meeting"
? t 2
From team02 Wed Jan 5 11:25 2011
Date: Wed 5 Jan 2011 11:25
From: team02
To: team01
Subject: Meeting
Cc:
There will be a brief announcement meeting today in room 602 at noon.
? d (Delete message)
? q (Quit mail command)

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The write and wall commands
IBM Power Systems

• Send messages to other users on a system

– write provides conversation-like communication with another logged-
in user. Each user alternatively sends and receives messages.
$ write team01 (or)
$ write sarah@moon

– The wall command writes to all terminals. This is useful to notify all
users of a system event:
$ wall The system will be inactive from 10pm today.

Broadcast message from team01@sys1 (pts/1) at 15:11:58

The system will be inactive from 10pm today.

$
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talk with another user
IBM Power Systems

$ talk fred (user john requests the connection)

(to accept the invitation fred enters:)

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mesg
IBM Power Systems

• The mesg command controls whether other users on the

system can send messages to you:

team01$ mesg
The current status is y.
team01$ mesg n
team01$

team02$ write team01

write: 0803-031 Permission denied.
team02$

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Keyboard tips
IBM Power Systems

<Backspace> Corrects mistakes

<Ctrl-c> Terminates the current

command and returns to the
shell

<Ctrl-d> End of transmission or end

of file

<Ctrl-s> Temporarily stops output to

the screen

Resumes output (stopped by

<Ctrl-q> Ctrl-s)

Erases the entire line

<Ctrl-u>
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Checkpoint
IBM Power Systems

1. What is the correct command syntax in AIX?

a. $ mail newmail –f
b. $ mail f newmail
c. $ -f mail
d. $ mail -f newmail

2. What command would you use to send mail items?

3. What are other commands that can be used to communicate with other
users?
4. What output would you expect from the following command: cal 8?
5. Which command would you use to find out when a particular user
logged in?
a. $ who am i
b. $ who
c. $ finger everyone
d. $ finger username
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Checkpoint solutions
IBM Power Systems
1. What is the correct command syntax in AIX?
a. $ mail newmail –f
b. $ mail f newmail
c. $ -f mail
d. $ mail -f newmail
The answer is $ mail -f newmail.
2. What command would you use to send mail items?
The answer is mail username.
3. What are other commands that can be used to communicate with other users?
The answers are talk, write, and wall.
4. What output would you expect from the following command: cal 8?
The answer is the calendar for the year 8 AD.
5. Which command would you use to find out when a particular user logged in?
a. $ who am i
b. $ who
c. $ finger everyone
d. $ finger username
The answers are $ who and $ finger username.
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Exercise: Using the system
IBM Power Systems

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Unit summary
IBM Power Systems

Having completed this unit, you should be able to:

• Log in and out of the system
• State the structure of AIX commands
• Execute basic AIX commands
• Use AIX commands to communicate with other users

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2010, 2013. All Rights Reserved.

US Government Users Restricted Rights - Use duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp