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Shell_StudentNotes

The document provides an overview of Unix and Linux shell scripting, covering special files, variables, expressions, decision-making, loops, and debugging techniques. It includes practical examples and commands for various tasks such as server connectivity checks, argument validation, and automating processes. Additionally, it discusses package management and updating software versions using yum.

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sai Charan
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3 views

Shell_StudentNotes

The document provides an overview of Unix and Linux shell scripting, covering special files, variables, expressions, decision-making, loops, and debugging techniques. It includes practical examples and commands for various tasks such as server connectivity checks, argument validation, and automating processes. Additionally, it discusses package management and updating software versions using yum.

Uploaded by

sai Charan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unix & Linux Shell Scripting:

Special Files:

/dev/null

echo "hello" > /dev/null

/dev/tty

cp file > /dev/tty

Variables:

1. Predifined
2. User defined
- Null Variables
- unsetting a varaible
- Storing File Names ( Wild Cards ? & *)
- Storing File contents to a varaible
- Storing Commands to a variable
- Exporting Variables
Which shell you are currently in
ps -p $$
echo $$
echo $0 ( it wont work for csh)
tcsh - set var=name
- Echo/print command & formats "\t \n \\ \b"
Perment assigning the variables

Reading A variable:
- less arguments
- More i/p than arguments
- reading from a file
- exit status ?
Note: read -p "hi enter a vallue:" a

Bash Shell Scripting:

#! (shebang) & Importance


# comments
; & \n importance
Executing a script

Expressions:
Mathametical
ex: take a,b & explain +,/,*,%,-

Decision Making :
if
if-then-else
elif-ladder

ex: take three variables & explain all the 3 conditions

Relational operators
<,>,<=,>=,!=
ex: take 2 values & explain them the use of releations
File expressions
-f ,-d ,-x & etc

Logical Operations

&&,!!
ex: student score example

Command Controled Loops:

while loop

case
ex: take +,/,%,*,- operators

for loop

select loop
ex: calculator program

Loop Direction:

Input Redirection:
while

output Redirection:
while
for

Input Piping:
while
ex: cat serverslist |while read data;do echo $data;done
output piping:
while
ex: cat serverslist |while read data;do echo $data;done|wc -l

Other Controled Loops:


break
continue
sleep

Special Parameters & Values:


Arguments & Positional Parameters
$1 .. $9
$0 , $#,$@,$*

All parameters with out quotes


All parameters with quotes

Argument Validation:

Debuggin scripts:
ksh -o xtrace *.scr
-x
set -x
Realtime examples ::

1. Write a code that should accept only 3 arguments oprend1,oprend2 & operator
based on operator it should
return output

2. Login in to multiple servers & collect the below information

uname -a
df -hT

syntax: ssh servername 'bash -s' <./mycommands.sh

3. Write the code which accepts only two arguments source & target buckets it
should copy data from source to target bucket.

4. Collect the server data as per the question 2 & send one email to your manager
([email protected])

aws --region us-east-1 sns publish --topic-arn "arn:aws:sns:us-east-


1:353664852275:Billing" --message "serverinformation"
aws sns publish --topic-arn "arn:aws:sns:us-west-2:0123456789012:my-topic" --
message file://message.txt

5. Automate the process of uploading server logs to s3 bucket by 4AM everyday

ex path:
/var/logs/

6. Checking the server connectivity & preparing reachable & not reachable servers
list

[root@shellscript day2]# cat ping.sh


#!/bin/bash
for i in $(cat serverslist)
do
#timeout 2 ping -c 1 $i
timeout 2 ssh $i "exit 0"
if [[ $? == 0 ]]
then
echo $i >> workingservers.txt
else
echo $i >> notworkingservers.txt
fi
done

7. Updating packages based on the current version

Getting all the avaiable versions of a pacakge:

yum --showduplicates list httpd | expand

Installing a particular version of package.


yum install httpd-2.4.39-1.amzn2.0.1 -y

[root@shellscripting ~]# cat mycode.sh


#!/bin/bash
#checking which pacakge installed
httpd_version=$(rpm -qi httpd|grep Version|awk '{print $3}')

case $httpd_version in
"2.4.43") echo "httpd is already with latest version";
exit 0;;
*) echo "Installing Latest package";
yum update httpd -y;
exit 0;;
esac

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