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Tutorial 1 Problems

The document contains tutorial problems related to fluid mechanics and rate processes, focusing on fluid statics and kinematics. It includes calculations involving density-stratified fluids, buoyancy, pressure measurements, hydraulic lifts, hydrostatic forces, fluid acceleration in nozzles, and path lines in velocity fields. Each problem requires applying principles of fluid mechanics to derive relationships and solve for unknowns.

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kaushalendrasingh945
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3 views

Tutorial 1 Problems

The document contains tutorial problems related to fluid mechanics and rate processes, focusing on fluid statics and kinematics. It includes calculations involving density-stratified fluids, buoyancy, pressure measurements, hydraulic lifts, hydrostatic forces, fluid acceleration in nozzles, and path lines in velocity fields. Each problem requires applying principles of fluid mechanics to derive relationships and solve for unknowns.

Uploaded by

kaushalendrasingh945
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ESO204A: Fluid Mechanics and Rate processes

Tutorial-1 (Fluid Statics and Kinematics)

1. A tank of density-stratified salt solution, having a depth ℎ = 0.1 𝑚, is


prepared in the laboratory. The density of the liquid increases linearly with
depth, as indicated in the figure, starting from a value of pure water (𝜌𝑤) at
the upper surface and increasing to a value of 1.6 𝜌𝑤 at the bottom of the
tank. A rectangular wood block of height ℎ = 0.1 𝑚 and density 𝜌𝑏 = 0.5 𝜌𝑤
is placed in the tank. Calculate the depth 𝑏 below the surface of the liquid to
which the bottom surface of the block sinks when it is floating at
equilibrium.

2. A linear weighing scale is calibrated to read 100 𝑘𝑔 when a metal weight of


specific gravity 𝑆𝐺𝑚 = 4 and volume 𝑉𝑚 = 2.5 × 10−2 𝑚3 is placed upon it. A
person of mass 𝑀𝑝 = 100 𝑘𝑔 and specific gravity 𝑆𝐺𝑝 = 1 steps on the scale.
Calculate the reading on the scale if the air density 𝜌𝑎 = 1.2 𝑘𝑔 𝑚−3.

3. An inexpensive design of a fuel gauge for a scooter measures the pressure


at the bottom of the tank as shown.
a. Obtain the relationship between the level ℎ of gasoline in the tank
and the pressure reading 𝑝𝑔𝑎𝑢𝑔𝑒.
b. If 1 𝑐𝑚 layer of water is present at the bottom of the tank as shown,
find the gasoline in the tank when the gauge indicates it to be full
(total capacity = 8 𝑙).
c. The pressure gauge is proposed to be replaced by a mercury
manometer. Obtain a relation between ℎ and ℎ𝑙, the mercury level
above its zero reading.

(a) (b) (c)


4. Suppose that you can apply a force
of 300 𝑁 on plunger 1 of a hydraulic
lift as shown in the figure. The
plunger 1 has an area of 50 𝑐𝑚2. If
the area of plunger 2 is 0.5 𝑐𝑚2, how
much force can be supported on
plunger 2 at equilibrium? How does
the answer change if the process is done in a vacuum atmosphere? Neglect
the weights of the plungers. Plunger 1 is 0.1 𝑚 above plunger 2 at
equilibrium.

5. A oil tank has a right-triangular panel near the bottom, as shown in the
figure. Omitting 𝑝𝑎 , find the (a) hydrostatic force, and (b) CP on the panel.

6. Will there be any fluid acceleration in a steady


flow of a liquid through the nozzle shown? If
yes, obtain an expression for it in terms of the
volumetric flow rate 𝑄̇ if the area of cross-
section is given by 𝐴(𝑥) = 𝐴0 (1 + 𝑒 −𝑥 ) .
Assume 1-D flow. Note that the value of 𝑄̇ is
independent of 𝑥.

7. The velocity field in a steady flow is given in a rectangular coordinate


⃗ = 6𝑥𝑖 + (4𝑦 + 10)𝑗 + 2𝑡𝑘
system as 𝑉 ⃗ . What is the path line of the particle
which is at (2,6,4) at time 𝑡 = 2 𝑠?

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