UNITY UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF DISTANCE AND CONTINUING EDUCATION

Department of Common and Supportive Courses

WORKSHEET FOR

CRITICAL THINKING /LOGIC ( LoCT-1011 )

Name: . Father’s name: .

Grand father’s name: .

ID. No: .

Centre:

Department: .

Program: Distance ; Regular ; Extension .

Last Date of Submission: .

This is a worksheet you are expected to do by yourself. It has a total of 25 points. The
worksheet should be completed and sent to the School of Distance and Continuing
Education for evaluation Do not attempt to do the worksheet until you have covered all
the lessons and exercises in the course material.
After completing this worksheet, be sure to write your name, Id. No., and center on
the space provided on the cover page and in each page of the worksheet.
Be sure that this worksheet has four pages.

[ Note : For better understanding the course ‘Critical Thinking/Logic’ it is advisable to do the
exercises provided in the book, “A Concise Introduction to Logic” by Patrick J. Hurley.]

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Part I. TRUE/FALSE — ( 7 pts.)
⮞ Write ‘TRUE’ if the statement is correct, and ‘FALSE’ if the statement is incorrect, on the
space provided.

True 1. The passage “Given that public education fails to improve the quality of
instruction in both primary and secondary schools, it is likely that it will lose
additional students to the private sector in the years ahead” is an argument.
False 2. All arguments must have more than one premise.
True 3. Some terms have empty intension
True 4. .“Some birds are ostriches; therefore, some birds are not ostriches.” This is
invalid deductive argument.
False 5. In an argument, the claim that something is supported by evidence or reasons is
always explicit.
True 6. The order of decreasing intension is always the same as that of increasing
extension
False 7. If a deductive argument has true premises and a true conclusion, then we know that it is
a valid argument.

Part II. MULTIPLE CHOICE — ( 10 pts.)

⮞ Write the letter of your choice on the space provided.
D1. People who strive to engage correctly in critical thinking will do which of the following?
A. Seek more for themselves and less for everybody else.
B. Display negative critical thinking habits of mind.
C. Display strong critical thinking skills.
D. Endeavor to monitor and to correct their own thinking.
E. Live an ethical life

A 2. Two people discussing religion discover that one of them is an atheist while the other is
deeply religious. They both show tolerance for each other, and an understanding that they
have an honest disagreement. They are both displaying which critical thinking habit of
mind?
A. Open-mindedness. C. Inquisitiveness
B. Confidence in reasoning. D. Judiciousness

C 3. Which of the following are all deductive arguments?

A. Arguments based on signs, causal inferences, arguments in science.
B. Arguments from authority, generalizations, Arguments from analogy.
C. Hypothetical syllogisms, disjunctive syllogisms, arguments based on mathematics.
D. Generalizations, predictions, causal inferences.
E. Arguments from authority, disjunctive syllogisms, predictions.

E 4. Which of the following are all arguments?

A. Expository passages, reports, pieces of advice.
B. Propositions, analogies, inferences.

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 C. Illustrations, syllogisms, explanations
D. A conditional statement, statements of belief, causal inference.
E. Prediction, categorical syllogism, arguments from sign

B 5. The definition " 'Shoe' means an article made of leather for wearing on one's foot" is
criticized as:
A. Being figurative. D. Being too broad.
B. Being too narrow E. Being ambiguous.
C. Being negative

E 6. Some women are not judges. Therefore, some judges are not women.
This argument (inference) is:
A. Invalid, illicit subcontrary. D. Invalid, existential fallacy.
B. Valid, no fallacy. E. Invalid, illicit conversion
C. Invalid, illicit contraposition.
⮞ In question 7, you are given a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement.
You must determine how the new statement is related to the given statement and the truth value
of the new statement. — [ N.B. Assume the Aristotelian standpoint].
[F= false; T= true; Und=undetermined].
C 7 . Some A are not non-B. (F) — Subalternation.
A. All A are non-B. (F). D. Some A are non-B. (T)
B. No non-B are A. (F) E. No A are non-B. (F)
C. No A are non-B. (Und.)

⮞ In question 8, you are given a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and the logical
operation to be performed on that statement. Determine how the new statement is related to the
given statement and the truth value of the new statement. — [Assume Aristotelian standpoint.]

B 8. Some A are non-B. (F). — Contraposition.

A. No A are B. (F). D. Some B are non-A. (Und.)

B. Some non-B are A. (F). E. No A are non-B. (T)
C. Some non-B are non-A. (Und.)

A 9. “Clearly the moral standards of our youth have decayed. Two doctors at Tikur
Anbessa Hospital appeared recently on a talk show, and both were convinced that
the youth of today have no morals at all.”
A. Appeal to unqualified authority. D. Hasty generalization
B. Weak analogy. E. Missing the point.
C. Argument against the person, abusive

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B 10. The fallacy in which the arguer misinterprets an opponent’s argument for the purpose of
more easily attacking it is:
A. Amphiboly. D. False dichotomy
B. Straw man. E. Red herring.
C. Begging the question.
.
Part II. SHORT ANSWER — ( 8 pts.)
1. What is ‘Critical Thinking’?
• Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly, rationally, and independently about what
to believe or do. It involves evaluating information and arguments, identifying errors in
reasoning, and making decisions based on logic and evidence.
2. Write the predicate term of the statement: “Some arrangements that produce layoffs are
occasions of economic unrest.”
• Occasions of economic unrest .
3. The part of an argument that claims to offer support for, or reasons to believe is premise.

4. Change its quantity and quality of the following categorical proposition

“No exam-cheaters are invited people to graduation ceremony”
• Some exam-cheaters are invited people to graduation ceremony.
5. The part of an argument that claims to offer support for, or reasons to believe is .

6. Obvert the proposition “No labor strikes are events welcomed by management.”

Its obverse is: • A l l l a b o r s t r i k e s a r e n o n - e v e n t s w e l c o m e d b y m a n a g e m e n t .

.

7. A definition that assigns (coins) a meaning to a word for the first time is Stipulative definition .

8. Distinguish the concepts ‘formal fallacy’ and ‘informal fallacy’.

A formal fallacy occurs when there is a flaw in the logical structure of an argument,
making it invalid regardless of the content.
An informal fallacy arises from errors in reasoning based on the content or context, such
as ambiguity, emotional appeals, or irrelevant points.

END OF PAPER