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UNIT-3_Function

The document provides an overview of PL/SQL functions, highlighting their purpose, structure, and syntax. Functions are similar to procedures but must return a value and can include parameters for input and output. It also includes examples of creating and calling a function, as well as how to drop a function from the database.

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4 views

UNIT-3_Function

The document provides an overview of PL/SQL functions, highlighting their purpose, structure, and syntax. Functions are similar to procedures but must return a value and can include parameters for input and output. It also includes examples of creating and calling a function, as well as how to drop a function from the database.

Uploaded by

gamerxyz756
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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iMSCIT SEM-V

DATABASE SYSTEM-II
Unit:3

Stored Procedures and Functions


PL/SQL Functions
●
A function is same as a procedure except that it returns a value.
●
Functions are a standalone block that is mainly used for
calculation purpose.
●
Function use RETURN keyword to return the value, and the
datatype of this is defined at the time of creation.
●
A Function should either return a value or raise the exception, i.e.
return is mandatory in functions.
●
It can have nested blocks, or it can be defined and nested inside
the other blocks or packages.
PL/SQL Functions
●
It contains declaration part (optional), execution part,
exception handling part (optional).
●
The values can be passed into the function or fetched from the
procedure through the parameters.
●
These parameters should be included in the calling statement.
●
Since it will always return the value, in calling statement it
always accompanies with assignment operator to populate the
variables.
Syntax to create a function:

CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION function_name

[(parameter_name [IN | OUT | IN OUT] type [, ...])]

RETURN return_datatype

{IS | AS}

BEGIN

< function_body >

END [function_name];
Syntax to create a function:
●
Function_name: specifies the name of the function.
●
[OR REPLACE] option allows modifying an existing function.
●
The optional parameter list contains name, mode and types of the
parameters.
●
IN represents that value will be passed from outside and OUT
represents that this parameter will be used to return a value outside of
the procedure.
Syntax to create a function:

The function must contain a return statement.


●
RETURN clause specifies that data type you are going to return from
the function.
●
Function_body contains the executable part.
●
The AS keyword is used instead of the IS keyword for creating a
standalone function.
Example of Function:
create or replace function adder(n1 in number, n2 in number)

return number

is

n3 number(8);

begin

n3 :=n1+n2;

return n3;

end;

/
Calling a Fuction:
DECLARE

n3 number(2);

BEGIN

n3 := adder(11,22);

dbms_output.put_line('Addition is: ' || n3);

END;

/
PL/SQL Drop Function
●
If you want to remove your created function from the database, you
should use the following syntax.

DROP FUNCTION function_name;

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