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Binary System Guide

The binary system is a base-2 numbering system using only the digits 0 and 1, fundamental to digital systems like computers. It involves converting decimal numbers to binary through division and recording remainders, and includes arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The binary system is widely applied in data representation, logic circuits, programming, and networking.

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11 views3 pages

Binary System Guide

The binary system is a base-2 numbering system using only the digits 0 and 1, fundamental to digital systems like computers. It involves converting decimal numbers to binary through division and recording remainders, and includes arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The binary system is widely applied in data representation, logic circuits, programming, and networking.

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English Grammar Guide

The Binary System

1. Introduction to Binary System

The binary system is a numbering system that uses only two digits: 0 and 1.

It is the foundation of digital systems, including computers, because it is simple

and matches the on/off state of electronic components.

Key Concepts:

- Each digit in a binary number is called a bit.

- Binary numbers are base-2, unlike the decimal system, which is base-10.

2. Converting Decimal to Binary

To convert a decimal number to binary:

1. Divide the decimal number by 2.

2. Record the remainder (0 or 1).

3. Divide the quotient by 2 and repeat until the quotient is 0.

4. The binary number is the remainders read in reverse order.

Example:

Decimal 10 to Binary:

10 ÷ 2 = 5 remainder 0

5 ÷ 2 = 2 remainder 1
English Grammar Guide

2 ÷ 2 = 1 remainder 0

1 ÷ 2 = 0 remainder 1

Binary: 1010

3. Binary Arithmetic

Binary arithmetic follows these rules:

1. Addition:

0+0=0

0+1=1

1+0=1

1 + 1 = 10 (carry 1 to the next higher bit)

2. Subtraction (using Borrowing):

0-0=0

1-0=1

1-1=0

0 - 1 = 1 (borrow 1 from the next higher bit)

3. Multiplication:

0×0=0

0×1=0

1×0=0
English Grammar Guide

1×1=1

4. Division (similar to decimal division):

Use subtraction and shifting to perform division in binary.

4. Applications of Binary System

The binary system is used extensively in computing and digital electronics.

Applications include:

1. Data Representation:

- Numbers, text, images, and sounds are represented in binary.

2. Logic Circuits:

- Binary values are used to control logic gates and circuits.

3. Programming:

- Machine code, the lowest-level programming language, is written in binary.

4. Networking:

- IP addresses and subnet masks are expressed in binary format.

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