NAME: _________________________ BLOCK: ______

Unit 3B: Trigonometry and the Unit Circle Part II

IB Math 11

Topic & Assignment Main Learning Objective

3.5 Angles and Radian Measure, Coterminal • Define a radian
Angles in Radian Measure • Determine arc length using ratios/radians
• Convert to exact values of radians
• Define coterminal angles
Section 3.5 Practice
• Find angles coterminal with an angle in a
specified domain
3.6 Unit Circle: Finding a point • Using a set arc length, determine the
coordinate that lies on the unit circle
Section 3.6 Practice

3.7 Trigonometric Ratios • Define trigonometric ratios in relation to

coordinates on the unit circle
Section 3.7

3.8 Solving Equations • Solve equations involving trigonometric ratios

• Solve quadratic equations involving
Section 3.8 Practice trigonometric ratios

Unit 3 Review

Unit 3 Test
3.5 Radian Measure
IB Math 11

Radian measure relates an angle to the ________ ______________ of a circle’s arc.

An arc of length _____________ of a circle of radius

________subtends an angle of __________ radian.

In other words, 1 radian is the measure of a central angle that is

subtended by an arc equal in length to the
__________________________.

The number of radians in a full rotation (full circle) can be determined using a ratio:

In other words, 1 radian = ________________________

Note: Any angle measurement given without a unit is assumed to be in radians.

E.g.  = 2 means  = 2 radians .

Finding arc length

a


r

2
 Example:
Convert each of the following to radians or degrees. Use exact values where possible

(a) 30º = (e) 225º = (i)

7 =
6

(b)
 = (f) −  = (j) 45º =
2 4

(c)
2 = (g) 2 radians = (k)
3 =
3 5

(d) 36º = (h) 252º = (l) 7 radians =

Example:

Determine the arc length in a circle of radius 10 cm if:

(a) the central angle is 5 radians





b) the central angle is 25º.




3


Unit 3.2 Warm Up Radian Measure

1. Determine the approximate value of each measurement in degrees:

3.8R 1.8R -0.25R

2. Determine the approximate value in radians for each of the following angles:
50o 280o -160o

3. Determine the exact value in radians for each of the following:

45o 120o 270o

-90o 300o 150o

4. Convert each of the following into degrees:

3𝜋 𝜋 5𝜋
4 6 3

3𝜋 7𝜋 5𝜋
−
2 6 4

4
5. Determine the arc length in a circle with radius 5 if

a) The central angle measures 40o

b) The central angle measures 3R

6. In a circle with radius 8, determine the central angle that subtends an arc with a length of 3cm. Give
your answer in both radians and degrees.

7. What is the circumference of a circle that has an arc length of 8cm that subtends a central angle of
5𝜋
?
3

5
Coterminal Angles

Recall that an angle  is in standard position in the coordinate plane if the following two
requirements are satisfied:

a) the vertex of the angle is at the origin

b) the initial arm is the positive x-axis

Also by convention, a counter clockwise rotation is a positive

angle and a clockwise rotation is a negative angle.

Reference Angle
An angle in standard position always has a reference angle:

Coterminal Angles
Coterminal angles are standard position angles that share ___________________.
Every angle in standard position has an ______________ number of coterminal angles associated
with it.
If you know an angle measurement, you can find coterminal angles by:

Generalization:
In general, consider an angle  in standard position. Coterminal angles of  will have the form:

6
Example 1:
Draw a sketch of a standard position angle that is 50o. Determine a positive and a negative coterminal
angle.

Example 2:
𝜋
An angle in standard position measures 3 . Determine a positive and a negative coterminal angle.

Example 3:
A set of coterminal angles is defined such that 𝜃= 135o +360on. Determine all the coterminal angles
such that 𝜃<2000o

7
1. For each angle in the table below, draw the angle, state the quadrant it terminates in, give a
positive and negative coterminal angle and state the reference angle.

Two coterninal
Angle Drawing Quadrant Reference angle
angles

 = 45

 = 5
6

 = −225

 = 5
3

 = −240

2
 =−
3

 =1

8
2. Find the smallest positive angle coterminal with

a) −50000 88π
b)
3

5π 19π
Do the expressions  = + 2π n , n  I and  = − + 2π n , n  I represent the same set of
6 6
angles? Explain

9
Section 3.5 Practice
1. Draw each angle in standard position. In what
quadrant does each angle lie? 5. Change the radian measures to degrees,
a) 215 rounding to the nearest whole degree.
b) −70 a) 3.2
c) 110 b) 4
d) −300 c) 6
d) −2.5
2. Draw each angle in standard position. Name the
quadrant in which the angle lies. 6. Determine the two subsequent positive angles
2 that are coterminal with the given angle. Round
a) approximate measures to the nearest hundredth
3
of a unit.
3
b) a) 450
4
 
c) b)
6 5

d)  c) 1.7

3. Change the degree measures to radians. Give 7. Explain how you would find the subsequent
answers as both exact and approximate negative angle that is coterminal with each
measures to the nearest hundredth of a unit. given angle.
a) 150 a) 40
9
b) 240 b)
4
c) 45
c) 0.8
d) 310
8. Write an expression for all the angles that are
4. Change the radian measures to degrees. Round coterminal with each given angle.
to two decimal places if necessary.
a) 75
4
a) 
5 b)
3
5
b) c) 1
6
11 9. A circle with a radius of 16.2 cm is drawn on a
c)
16 large piece of cardboard. A central angle of 74
7 is drawn. What is the length of the arc
d) − subtended by this angle, rounded to the nearest
4
tenth of a cm?
10.The radius of a circle is 7 cm, and the length of
an arc on the circle is 10 cm. In radians, what is
the central angle that subtends this arc length?
Give your answer to the nearest hundredth of a
unit.

10
Section 3.5 Practice Answers
2. a)
1. a)

quadrant III
quadrant II
b)
b)

quadrant IV

c) quadrant II
c)

quadrant II

d)
quadrant I
d)

quadrant I

no quadrant

11
 5 4
3. a) , 2.62 b) , 4.19
6 3
 31
c) , 0.79 d) , 5.41
4 18
4. a) 144° b) 150° c) 123.75° d) −315°
5. a) 183° b) 229° c) 344° d) −143°
11 21
6. a) 810°, 1170° b) , c) 7.98, 14.27
5 5
7. a) subtract 360°
b) subtract 2, and use fractions to determine the exact value
c) subtract 2 using your calculator, and then round your answer to the required accuracy
8. a) 75º  (360º)n, where n is a natural number

b)   2n  radians, where n is a natural number
3 
c) (1  2πn) radians, where n is a natural number
9. 20.9 cm

10. 1.43 radians

12
3.6 The Unit Circle: Points on the Unit Circle
IB Math 11

The Unit Circle is a circle of radius ______ that is centered at

the _______________

The equation of a circle is found using the Pythagorean

Theorem:

Note: We could also consider a circle that was not a unit circle, and the equation of the circle
would be different:

Arc Length and Angle Measure

We will define a function P ( θ ) = ( x, y )

Review of Special Triangles:

13
Unit Circle and Special Triangles:

14
Examples:
1. Determine the coordinates for all points on the unit circle which meet the stated conditions. In
each case draw a diagram.
3
a) The x-coordinate is −
4

3
b) The y-coordinate is − and the point is in quadrant III
2

3.7b Warm Up Unit Circle

1. Draw a 120o angle in standard position and provide the following information: y

a) The angle in radians

b) The reference angle in degrees

c) The angle in which it terminates

x

d) 2 coterminal angles (in degrees)

5𝜋
2. Draw an angle of − in standard position and provide the following information: y
6

a) The angle in degrees

b) The reference angle in radians

c) The angle in which it terminates

x

d) 2 coterminal angles (in radians)

15
3. Determine the equation of a circle centered at the origin (0,0) with a radius of:

3
a) 𝑟 = 3 b) 𝑟 = 4

4. Check to see if each coordinate is on the unit circle:

3 2 √2 √2 √3 1
a) (4 , 4) b) ( 2 , − ) c) (− , )
2 2 2

5. Complete the missing coordinate for a point on the unit circle:

2 1 √3
a) ( , 𝑦) b) (− , 𝑦) c) (𝑥, )
3 2 2

6. For each point 𝑃(𝜃), determine the coordinate where the terminal arm intersects a point on the
unit circle:

𝜋
a) 𝑃 (− 2 )

3𝜋
b) 𝑃 ( 4 )

23𝜋
c) 𝑃 ( )
6

16
Finding the Angle

Given a pair of coordinates, it is possible to work backwards to find the arc length (angle measure)
in the unit circle:

The function P ( θ ) = ( x, y ) gives the coordinates of the point on the unit circle associated with a
 3π   −1 −1   −1 −1 
angle of rotation (or arclength) of θ . Thus P  −  =  ,  relates the point  , 
 4   2 2  2 2
3π
with the angle (or arclength) of − .
4

Considerations:

1. Are the coordinates on the unit circle?

2. Would the coordinates make a special triangle?

Examples:
Example 1. Identify a measure for the central angle θ in the interval 0  θ  2π such that P ( θ ) is the
given point:
 3 1 This question is really asking what value of θ
a)  − , −  
 2 2  3 1
 makes P ( θ ) =  − , −  ? Or what rotation
 2 2
Draw the unit circle and label the diagram in an  3 1
angle brings you to the point  − , −  ?
appropriate way. Use your knowledge of  2 2
special triangles to determine the value of θ .  

How many answers does this question have?

Why has the interval been limited to 0  θ  2π ?

17
  1 1 
b) P ( θ ) =  ,− 
 2 2

 1 3
Example 2. Determine all values for θ in the interval − π  θ  5π such that P ( θ ) =  − ,
 2 2 
 

Section 3.6 Practice

Determine the coordinates of point P for the
1.Write the equation of a circle with the given
given angle.
radius, and its centre at (0, 0).
a)  = 45 b)  = 270
a) 4 units b) 5 units
c)  = −60 d)  = 210
c) 9.1 units d) 11 units
5. The point P(x, y) is the point at the intersection
2. Which point(s) lies on the unit circle? Explain
of angle . If P() is the point at the intersection
how you know.
of the terminal arm of angle  and the unit circle,

( −
5 12
,
13 13 ) ( )
5 1
,
6 2
 2 5
 − 3 , − 3 
determine the exact coordinates of each.

a) P ( )
3 2
b) P − 
4  3

( )
3. Each of the following points lies on the unit 11
circle. Find the missing coordinate satisfying c) P(2) d) P
6
the given conditions.

( ) 2
a) − , y in quadrant III
3
6. Identify a measure for  in the interval
0    360 such that P() is the given point.

b) ( x, ) in quadrant II
a)  − ,− 
1 1
4 b) (−1, 0)
 2 2
5
 1 3
c)  ,− 
1 1
c)  , y  in quadrant IV d)  − , − 
5
6   2 2  2 2 

d)  x,  in quadrant I
1
7. Identify a measure for  in the interval
 7
0    2 such that P() is the given point.
4. The point P(x, y) is located where the terminal 1 3
a) (1, 0) b)  , − 
arm of angle  and the unit circle intersect.  2 2 

18
  3 1 a) Determine the coordinates of
c)  − ,  
P  +
d) (−1, 0)
 2 2  2 
.
b) Determine the coordinates of P  − .
 2
8. On a diagram of the unit circle, show all
10. If P() =  − , −  , determine the
1 1

the integral multiples of in the interval  2 2
4
0    . On your diagram, label the following.
 
coordinates for each point P(). a) the coordinates of P  + 
2
 1 3
9. Consider a point where P() =  − ,
 2 2 
.

b) the coordinates of P  − 
 2

Section 3.6 Practice Answers

1. a) x2 + y2 = 16 b) x2 + y2 = 5 5 5
7. a) 0 b) c) d) 
c) x2 + y2 = 82.81 d) x2 + y2 = 121 3 6
 2 5 8.
2. − ,  and  − , −  ; When the coordinates
5 12
 13 13   3 3 
are substituted into x2 + y2 = 1,
the LHS equals the RHS.
 2 5
3. a)  − , −  b) − , 
3 4
 3 3   5 5
5 11  4 3 1
c)  , −  d) 
7 
,
6 6   7

4. a) 
1 1 
,  b) (0, −1)
 2 2
1 3  3 1
c)  , −  d)  − , − 
2 2   2 2

5. a)  −
1 1  1 √3
, b) (− , − )
 2 2 2 2

 3 1  3 1  3 1
c) (1, 0) d)  , −  9. a)  − , −  b)  , 
 2 2  2 2
 2 2
6. a) 225° b) 180° c) 315° d) 240° 1 1 1 1
10. a) ( , − ) b) (− , )
√2 2 √2 2

19
3.7 Warmup

1. Given the unit circle below, determine the coordinates of points P and Q in terms of θ .

Q
P

θ
x

 3 1
2. Determine such θ that P ( θ ) =  − , −  with 0  θ  6π
 2 2
 

20
 3.7 The Trigonometric Ratios

Recall the definitions of sine and cosine for rotation angles. On the unit circle, what do these ratios
describe?
y

P ( θ ) = ( cos  , sin  )
x
cos  = =
r

y
sin  = = θ
r
x

This means that the coordinates of any point

on the unit circle can be described in terms of
the rotation angle as ( cos  , sin  )

y sin θ
Because tan θ = , we can then also say that tan θ = (provided cos θ  0 )
x cos θ

Reciprocal Trigonometric Ratios

The reciprocals of the trigonometric ratios occur often, and they are given special names.

Secant Cosecant Cotangent

1 1 1 cos θ
sec θ = , cos θ  0 csc θ = , sin θ  0 cot θ = = , sin θ  0
cos θ sin θ tan θ sin θ

 5 12 
Example 1. The point  − ,  lies on the terminal arm of of an angle θ on the unit circle.
 13 13 

a) Draw a diagram to illustrate this information. b) Determine the values of the six trigonometric
ratios for θ

21
Example 2. Determine the exact value for each of the following. Include a diagram for each question.

 7π   2π 
a) sin   b) cos  − 
 6   3 

c) sec 2250 d) cot ( −1500 )

π  5π 
e) tan   f) csc  − 
2  6 

22
Example 3. Determine the approximate value for each trigonometric ratio. Round your answers to
four decimal places. What does each answer represent on the unit circle?

a) sin 3.2 b) cos 3200

c) sec1390 π
d) csc
5

Example 4. What are the the largest and smallest values of

a) cos θ ?

b) sin θ ?

c) tan θ ?

d) sec θ ?

23
Finding the Angle

Example 1: Determine the measure of all angles that satisfy the given conditions.

a) cos θ = −0.738 0  θ  2π Which quadrants will the answers be in?

Give answers to the nearest hundredth of a
radian.

How many answers will there be?

b) sin θ = 0.315 0  θ  3600 Which quadrants will the answers be in?

Give answers to the nearest tenth of a degree.

How many answers will there be?

1 Which quadrants will the answers be in?

c) tan θ = − −1800  θ  1800
3
Give exact values.
How many answers will there be?

24
 2 Which quadrants will the answers be in?
d) csc θ = −3π  θ  π
3
Give exact values.
How many answers will there be?

Example 2. The point Q ( 5, −12 ) lies on the terminal arm of an angle θ . Determine the exact value of
each of the trigonometric ratios and the smallest positive value of θ in radians.

Is the point Q ( 5, −12 ) on the unit circle? Explain.

Unit circle approach Non unit circle approach

25
Section 3.7 Practice
1.What is the exact value of each trigonometric 7. Determine the exact measure of all angles that
ratio? satisfy the given conditions.
a) sin 30 b) cos 240 c) tan 315 a) tan  = −1, domain 0    360
d) sin 270 e) csc 60 f ) sec 180 3
b) cos  = , domain −180    180
2. Determine the exact value of each of the 2
following. c) csc  = 2, domain −180    90
 7 d) sin  = 1, domain −360    360
a) cot b) sin c) sec 
3 6
 3 8.Determine the exact measure of each angle.
d) cos  e) tan f ) csc
3 4 3
a) sin  = , domain 0    2
2
3. Determine the approximate value for each
b) sec  = −1, domain −π    2
trigonometric ratio to the nearest hundredth of a
unit. 1
c) cos = − , domain 0    2
a) sin 40 b) cos 215 2
c) cot 337 d) tan (−50) d) cot  = −1, domain −π    2

4. Determine the approximate value for each. Give 9. Determine the approximate measure of each
answers to the nearest hundredth of a unit. angle. Use diagrams to show the number of
 possible solutions and the quadrants in which
a) sec 2.5 b) tan −  they lie. Then, give answers to the nearest
 5
hundredth of a unit, where possible.
3
c) csc d) sin 0.75 a) sin  = 0.42, domain −    π
7

b) cot  = −4.87, domain −    
5. In which quadrant will  terminate if angle  is 2
in standard position with the given conditions? c) sec  = 4.87, domain −360    180
a) cos   0 d) tan  = 1.5, domain −180    360
b) sin   0
c) cot   0 10. The point D(5, –12) lies on the terminal arm of
d) cos   0 and cot   0 an angle  in standard position. What is the exact
e) sin   0 and sec   0 value of each trigonometric ratio for θ?
f ) sec   0 and tan   0
6. Express each quantity as the same
trigonometric ratio using its reference angle.
For example, cos 160 = −cos 20.
a) sin 230 b) cos 310 c) tan 100
d) csc 260 e) cot 200 f ) sec 290

26
Section 3.7 Extra Practice Answers
1 1 2 2 3
1. a) b) − c) −1 d) −1 e) or f ) −1 c) three solutions: –281.85°, –78.15°, 78.15°
2 2 3 3
1 3 1
2. a) or b) − c) −1 d) −1
3 3 2
e) 3 f ) 2
3. a) 0.64 b) −0.82 c) −2.36 d) −1.19
4. a) −1.25 b) −0.73 c) 1.03 d) 0.68
5. a) II or III b) I or II c) I or III
d) IV e) IV f ) II
6. a) −sin 50° b) cos 50° c) −tan 80°
d) −csc 80° e) cot 20° f ) sec 70°
7. a) 135°, 315° b) −30°, 30°
c) 30° d) 90°, −270°
 2 2 4  3 7 d) three solutions: –123.69°, 56.31°, 236.31°
8. a) , b) −,  c) , d) − , ,
3 3 3 3 4 4 4
9. a) two solutions; 0.43, 2.71

12 13
10. sin  = − csc  = −
b) two solutions: –.203, 2.94 13 12
5 13
cos  = sec  =
13 5
12 5
tan  = − cot  = −
5 12

27
3.8 Warmup

1. Determine the approximate value of

a) tan ( 8.2 ) b) csc ( −910 )

c) cos ( −3.14 ) d) sec ( −890 )

2. Determine the exact value of

 85π   7π 
a) sin   b) csc  − 
 3   6 

 47π   47π 
c) sin   d) tan  
 2   2 

3. If P ( −0.6, 0.8) lies on the terminal arm of θ on the unit circle, what is
a) cos θ b) sin θ c) tan θ

Why do you know that P ( −0.6, 0.8) lies on the unit circle?

 5 
 = cos (150 ) ? Explain.
0
4. Is cos 
 6 

28
1. You are asked to find θ such that cos θ = −0.542 with 0  θ  2π . In terms of the unit circle
what does this mean you are looking for? What are the values for θ ?

2. The point Q ( −3,5 ) lies on the terminal arm of an angle θ . Determine the exact value of each of
the trigonometric ratios and the smallest positive value of θ in radians.

29
 3.8 Trigonometric Equations

The following are examples of different types of equations you have solved, along with some examples
of trigonometric equations

Algebraic Equations Trigonometric Equations

2 x + 5 = 16 x − 7 2cos  + 5 = 16cos  − 7

1 1
x2 = sin 2  =
2 2

x2 − 5x − 6 = 0 cos2  − 5cos  − 6 = 0

3 7 3 17
= =
x 4 cos  4

x −3 = 5 sec − 3 = 5

Solving trigonometric equations involves using both algebraic equation solving skills, along with
knowledge of trigonometric functions. Additionally, trigonometric equations usually come with a
restriction on the domain which then places a limit on the number of solutions.

Example 1: Solve the following trigonometric equations in the specified domain.

a) 2sin θ − 5 = −4sin θ − 1 0  θ  2π (Round answers to 2 decimal places)

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 b) sec θ − 5 = 4sec θ − 12 0  θ  3600 (Round answers to 2 decimal places)

c) 3tan 2  − 1 = 0 0  θ  2π (Give exact values)

Example 2. The General Solution to a Trigonometric Equation

Solve the following over the reals.
a) 5sin x + 1 = 0

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b) tan 2 x = 1

c) 2cos x sin x + cos x = 0 (Give exact values)

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Factoring to solve trigonometric equations

Solve the following trigonometric equations in the specified domain. Where possible, give exact
values. Otherwise give approximate values.

a) tan 2  + 3tan  + 2 = 0 0  θ  2π

b) 2sin 2  − 3sin  = −1 0  θ  3600

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c) 2cos 2 x + 5cos x + 2 = 0 Solve over the reals.

d) 2sin 2 x − sin x − 2 = 0 Solve over the reals.

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Section 3.8 Practice
1.Solve for , where 0    360.  3
5. Verify that  = , are solutions to the
a) cos  − 0.5 = 0 2 2
equation sin2  − 1 = 0.
b) tan  + 3 = 0
c) 2 sin  + 1 = 2 6. Does cos  = 2 have a solution? Explain.
d) sec  = −2
7. Solve each equation for 0  x  2, rounding
2. Solve for x, where 0  x  2. solutions to four decimal places.
a) cos2 x − 0.25 = 0 a) 5 tan2 x + 2 tan x − 7 = 0
b) 4 sin2 x − 3 = 0 b) tan2 x − 5 tan x + 6 = 0
c) (sin x − 1)(tan x − 1) = 0 c) tan2 x − 4 tan x = 0
d) 2 cos2 x − 5 cos x + 2 = 0
8. The solution to cos  = 1 in the domain
3. Determine the exact roots for each 0    2 is  = 0. Write the general solution
trigonometric equation in the specified domain. for the equation in which the domain is real
a) sin2 x + sin x − 2 = 0, −180  x  180 numbers.
b) 2 cos2 x − 3 cos x + 1 = 0, 0  x  2 9. Write the general solution for the equation sin x
c) cos x − 2 sin x cos x = 0, −  x   (sin x + 1) = 0.

4. Solve each equation for 0    2. Give 10.Write the general solution for the equation
solutions to the nearest hundredth of a radian. 4 sin2 x + 2 sin x − 2 = 0.
a) tan  = 4.36
b) cos  = −0.19
c) sin  = 0.91
d) cot  = 12.3

Section 3.8 Practice Answers

1. a) 60°, 300° b) 120°, 300° = (1)2 − 1 = (–1)2 − 1
c) 30°, 150° d) 120°, 240° =0 =0
 2 4 5  2 4 5 6. No. Example: The range of the cosine function is [−1,
2. a), , , b) , , ,
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1]. Cosine is undefined for values that are outside of this
  5  5 range.
c) , , d) ,
2 4 4 3 3 7. a) 0.7854, 2.1910, 3.9270, 5.3326
  5    5 b) 1.1071, 1.2490, 4.2487, 4.3906
3. a) b) 0, , c) − , , ,
2 3 3 2 2 6 6 c) 0, 1.3258, 𝜋, 4.4674
4. a) 1.35, 4.52 b) 1.76, 4.90 8. 2n, n  I
c) 1.14, 2.00 d) 0.08, 3.22 
9. x = n, − + 2n
5. LS RS LS RS 2

sin θ − 1
2 0 sin θ − 1
2 0 
10. (1 + 4n) , n  I
( ) −1 ( ) −1
2 2
π 3π 6
= sin = sin
2 2

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Warmup
1. The point Q ( −3, 7 ) lies on the terminal side of the angle  . Determine the exact values of each of
the trigonometric ratios and the smallest positive value of  in radians.

 7π 
2. Determine the exact value of sec  − 
 6 

3. The point ( a, b ) is on the unit circle and lies on the terminal side of the angle  . If  terminates in
the third quadrant, what is cos  ?

4. The point ( a, b ) is on the unit circle and lies on the terminal side of the angle  . What is
   
i) sin ( +  ) ii) cos   +  iii) tan   − 
 2  2

5. Solve for x. Give exact values where possible.

a) 2sec x − 5 = 3 b) 3sin 2 x + sin x = 2

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Unit 3 Review Warmup

1. Draw the following angles in standard position and determine the coordinate where the terminal
arm intersects the unit circle:

3𝜋 5𝜋
a) b) −
4 6

2. Draw a sketch and determine the angle in standard position in the interval 0 < 𝜃 < 2𝜋 such that:

√3 1
a) 𝑃(𝜃) = (− , − 2)
2

b) 𝑃(𝜃) = (0,1)

1 1
c) 𝑃(𝜃) = ( ,− )
√2 √2

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3. Determine each angle in standard position for the domain provided:

√3 1
a) 𝑃(𝜃) = (− , − 2) ; −𝜋 < 𝜃 < 4𝜋
2

1 1
b) 𝑃(𝜃) = ( ,− ) ; −2𝜋 < 𝜃 < 2𝜋
√2 √2

1 √3
c) 𝑃(𝜃) = (2 , − ) ;𝜃 ∈ ℝ
2

4. Determine each angle in standard position based on the point where the terminal arm intersects the
unit circle. Draw each angle in standard position:

√3 1
a) 𝑃(𝜃) = (− , − 2) b) 𝑃(𝜃) = (−1,0)
2

5. Determine all the primary trigonometric values for the standard position angle that passes through
1 √3
(2 , − )
2

6. Determine all the primary trigonometric values for the standard position angle that passes through
(0,1)

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Chapter 3 Test Review (some questions are intentionally removed)
Multiple Choice
For #1 to #3, choose the best answer.
7 8. The minute hand of an analogue clock
1. What is the exact value of csc ?
4 completes one revolution in 1 h. Determine the
exact value of the angle, in radians, the minute
− 2 2
A B hand moves in 135 min.
2 2
C − 2 D 2 9. Use the information in each diagram to
determine the value of the variable. Give your
−12
2. Determine tan  if sin  = and answers to the nearest hundredth of
13 a unit.
cos   0. a)
−12 −5
A B
5 12
5 12
C D
12 5

3. What are the coordinates of P ( ) if P() is

7
6
the point at the intersection of the terminal arm
of angle  and the unit circle?
b)
 − 3 −1   −1 − 3 
A  ,  B  , 
 2 2  2 2 
− 3 1  −1 3 
C  ,  D  , 
 2 2  2 2 

Short Answer
6. Convert to radian measure. State the method
you used to arrive at your solution. Use each
c)
conversion method at least once. Give answers
as both exact and approximate measures to the
nearest hundredth of a unit.
a) 270 b) –540
c) 150 d) 240
7. Convert the following radian measures to
degree measure. State the method you used to
arrive at your solution. Use each conversion
method at least once. Give answers as d)
approximate measures to the nearest hundredth
of a unit.
a) 3.25 b) 0.40
7
c) − d) –5.35
4

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10. Determine the exact value of sin 2 ( ) − 2 cos (120) tan ( ).
−5
6
7
4

3
12. If sin  = , determine all possible coordinates of P() where the terminal arm of  intersects the unit
2
circle.

 3 −1 
13. If P() =  ,  , what are the coordinates of P  + ?
 2 2 2 ( )
Extended Response
4
14. Consider an angle of radians.
5
a) Draw the angle in standard position.
b) Write a statement defining all angles that are coterminal with this angle.

15. The point (3a, −4a) is on the terminal arm of an angle in standard position. State the exact value of the
trigonometric ratios.

Chapter 3 Test Review Answers

1. C 14. a)
2. A
3. A
3
6. a) Example: unitary method; ;  4.71
2
b) Example: proportion method; −3;  −9.42
5
c) Example: unit analysis; ;  2.62
6
4
d) Example: unitary method; ;  4.19
3

7. a) Example: proportion method;  186.21°

b) Example: unitary method;  22.92°
c) Example: unit analysis; −315°
d) Example proportion method;  −306.53°
9 4
8. b) + 2n, n  I
2 5
9. a)   133.69 or 2.33 b) a  31.85 cm
15. sin  = −4 , cos  = 3 , tan  = −4 ,
c) r  6.99 m d) a  4.28 ft 5 5 3
−3
10.
4
 −1 3   1 3 
12.  , ,  , 
 2 2  2 2 
1 3
13.  , 
2 2 

40