Buyer’s Guide COM 27

Buyer’s Guide:
How to Purchase Computers
and Mobile Devices
AT SOME POINT, perhaps while you are taking this course, you may decide to buy
a computer or mobile device (Figure 43). The decision is an important one and will
require an investment of both time and money. Like many buyers, you may have little
experience with technology and find yourself unsure of how to proceed. You can
start by talking to your friends, coworkers, and instructors about their computers and
mobile devices. What type of computers and mobile devices did they buy? Why? For
what purposes do they use their computers and mobile devices?

desktop computer

notebook computer
portable media
player

smart phone
digital camera
Figure 43 Computers and mobile devices.

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 COM 28 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices

How to Purchase a Desktop Computer Your hardware requirements depend on the minimum
requirements of the software you will run on your computer.
Some software requires more memory and disk space than oth-
A desktop computer sits on or below a desk or ers, as well as additional input, output, and storage devices. For
table in a stationary location such as a home, office, or example, suppose you want to run software that can copy one
optical disc's contents directly to another optical disc, without
dormitory room. Desktop computers are a good option first copying the data to the hard disk. To support that, you
if you work mostly in one place and have plenty of should consider a desktop computer or a high-end notebook
computer, because the computer will need two optical disc
space in a work area. Desktop computers generally drives: one that reads from an optical disc, and one that writes
provide more performance for your money. Today, on an optical disc. If you plan to run software that allows your
computer to function as an entertainment system, then you will
manufacturers are placing more emphasis on style by need an optical disc drive, quality speakers, and an upgraded
offering bright colors, stylish displays, and theme-based sound card.

displays so that the computer looks attractive if it is in 2 Know the system requirements of the
an area of high visibility. Once you have decided that operating system.
After determining the software you want to run on your
a desktop computer is most suited to your computing new computer, the next step is to determine the operating
needs, the next step is to determine specific software, system to use. If, however, you purchase a new computer,
chances are it will have the latest version of your preferred
hardware, peripheral devices, and services to purchase, operating system (Windows, Mac OS, etc.).
as well as where to buy the computer.
3 Look for bundled software.
When you purchase a computer, it may include bundled
software. Some sellers even let you choose which software
you want. Remember, however, that bundled software has
value only if you would have purchased the software even
if it had not been included with the computer. At the very
least, you probably will want word processing software and
an antivirus program. If you need additional programs,
such as a spreadsheet, a database, or presentation software,
consider purchasing or downloading Microsoft Office,
Microsoft Works, OpenOffice.org, or Sun StarOffice, which
include several programs at a reduced price or at no cost.
1 Determine the specific software to use on
4 Avoid buying the least powerful computer
your computer.
available.
Before deciding to purchase software, be sure it contains
Once you know the application software you want to
the features necessary for the tasks you want to perform.
use, then consider the following important criteria about
Rely on the computer users in whom you have confidence
the computer’s components: (1) processor speed, (2) size
to help you decide on the software to use. In addition,
and types of memory (RAM) and storage, (3) types of
consider purchasing software that might help you perform
input/output devices, (4) types of ports and adapter cards,
tasks at home that you otherwise would perform at another
and (5) types of communications devices. You also should
location, such as at school or at work. The minimum
consider if the computer is upgradeable and to what extent
requirements of the software you select may determine the
you are able to upgrade. For example, all manufacturers
operating system (Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, etc.) you
limit the amount of memory you can add. The information
need. If you decide to use a particular operating system that
in Figure 44 on pages COM 29 and COM 30 can help you
does not support software you want to use, you may be able
determine which computer components are best for you
to purchase similar software from other manufacturers.
and outlines considerations for specific hardware components.
Many Web sites and trade magazines provide reviews of
For a sample Base Components worksheet that lists personal
software products. These Web sites frequently have articles
computer recommendations for various categories of users,
that rate computers and software on cost, performance, and
see scsite.com/ic8/buyers.
support.

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 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices COM 29

Considerations for Hardware Components

Card Reader/Writer: A card reader/writer is useful for transferring data directly to and from a memory card,
such as the type used in a digital camera, smart phone, or portable media player. Make sure the card reader/writer
can read from and write on the memory cards that you use.

Digital Video Capture Device: A digital video (DV) capture device allows you to connect a computer to a video camera
or VCR and record, edit, manage, and then write video back on an optical disc or VCR tape. To create quality video
(true 30 frames per second, full-sized TV), the digital video capture device should have a USB or FireWire port.

External Hard Disk: An external hard disk can serve many purposes: it can serve as extra storage for
your computer, provide a way to store and transport large files or large quantities of files, and provide a
convenient way to back up data on other internal and external hard disks. External hard disks can be purchased
with the same capacity as any internal disk.

Fingerprint Reader: For added security, you may want to consider purchasing a fingerprint reader. It helps prevent unauthorized
access to your computer and also allows you to log onto Web sites quickly via your fingerprint, rather than entering a user
name and password each time you access the site. Most use a USB connection and require software installation.

Hard Disk: It is recommended that you buy a computer with at least a 320 GB hard disk if your primary interests are
browsing the Web and using e-mail and Microsoft Office suite-type programs; 1 TB if you also want to edit digital photos
or if you plan to edit digital video or manipulate large audio files even occasionally; and 2 TB if you will edit digital video,
movies, or photos often; store audio files and music; or consider yourself to be a power user. Internal hard disk controllers are
available with the RAID option for added data protection.

Joystick/Wheel: If you use the computer to play games, then you will want to purchase a joystick or a wheel. These
devices, especially the more expensive ones, provide for realistic game play with force feedback, programmable
buttons, and specialized levers and wheels.

Keyboard: The keyboard is one of the more important devices used to communicate with the computer. For this reason,
make sure the keyboard you purchase has 101 to 105 keys, is comfortable and easy to use, and has a USB
connection. A wireless keyboard should be considered, especially if you have a small desk area.

Microphone: If you plan to record audio or use speech recognition to enter text and commands,
then purchase a close-talk headset with gain adjustment support.

Modem: Most computers include a modem so that you can use a telephone line to access the Internet.
Some modems also have fax capabilities. Your modem should be rated at 56 Kbps.

Monitor: The monitor is where you will view documents, read e-mail messages, and view pictures. A minimum of a
19" LCD flat-panel monitor is recommended, but if you plan to use the computer for graphic design or game playing, then you
may want to purchase a 22" or 27" monitor. Instead of a single large, widescreen monitor, you may want to consider a
side-by-side monitor setup.

Mouse: While working with a desktop computer, you use the mouse constantly. Make sure the mouse has a wheel, which
acts as a third button in addition to the top two buttons on the left and right. An ergonomic design also is important
because your hand is on the mouse most of the time when you are using the computer. A wireless mouse should be
considered to eliminate the cord and allow you to work at short distances from the computer.

Optical Disc Drives: Most computers include a DVD6RW combination drive and/or DVD/Blu-ray Disc drive. A DVD6RW
or a Blu-ray Disc drive allows you to read optical discs and to write data on (burn) an optical disc. It also will allow you to
store and share video files, digital photos, and other large files with other people who have access to a DVD/Blu-ray Disc
drive. A Blu-ray Disc has a capacity of at least 25 GB, and a DVD has a capacity of at least 4.7 GB, versus the 650 MB
capacity of a CD.

Figure 44 Hardware guidelines. (continues)

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 COM 30 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices

Considerations for Hardware Components

Ports: Depending on how you use the computer, you may need anywhere from 4 to 10 USB ports.
USB ports have become the connection of choice in the computer industry. They offer an easy way to
connect peripheral devices such as printers, digital cameras, and portable media players. Many computers
intended for home or professional audio/video use have built-in FireWire ports. Most personal computers
include a minimum of six USB ports, two FireWire ports, and an Ethernet port.

Printer: Your two basic printer choices are ink-jet and laser. Color ink-jet printers cost on average between $50
and $300. Laser printers cost from $200 to $2,000. In general, the less expensive the printer, the lower the resolution
and speed, and the more often you are required to change the ink cartridges or toner. Laser printers print faster and
with a higher quality than an ink-jet, and their toner on average costs less.

Processor: For a personal computer, an Intel Core i7 processor at 2.93 GHz is more than enough processor
power for most home and small office/home office users. Higher-end users, such as large businesses or
people who use the computer to play games, should upgrade to faster, more powerful processors.

RAM: RAM plays a vital role in the speed of a computer. Make sure the computer you purchase has at
least 2 GB of RAM. If you have extra money to invest in a computer, consider increasing the RAM.
The extra money for RAM will be well spent because more RAM typically translates into more speed.

Scanner: The most popular scanner purchased with a computer today is the flatbed scanner. When evaluating
a flatbed scanner, check the color depth and resolution. Do not buy anything less than a color depth of 48 bits
and a resolution of 1200 3 2400 dpi. The higher the color depth, the more accurate the color. A higher resolution
picks up the more subtle gradations of color.

Sound Card: Many computers include a standard sound card that supports Dolby 5.1
surround and are capable of recording and playing digital audio. Make sure they are
suitable in the event you decide to use the computer as an entertainment or gaming system.

Speakers: Once you have a good sound card, quality speakers and a separate subwoofer that amplifies
the bass frequencies of the speakers can turn the computer into a premium stereo system.

USB Flash Drive: If you work on different computers and need access to the same data and information,
then this portable flash memory device is ideal. USB flash drive capacity typically varies from 1 GB to 32 GB.

USB Hub: If you plan to connect several peripheral devices to the computer at the same time, then you need to be
concerned with the number of ports available on the computer. If the computer does not have enough ports, then you
should purchase a USB hub. A USB hub plugs into a single USB port and provides several additional ports.

Video Card: Most standard video cards satisfy the monitor display needs of most home and small
office users. If you use your home computer to play games or if you are a graphic designer, you will
want to upgrade to a higher quality video card. The higher refresh rates will further enhance the
display of games, graphics, and movies.

Web Cam: A Web cam is a small digital video camera that can capture and display live video
on a Web page. You also can capture, edit, and share video and still photos. Recommended minimum
specifications include 640 3 480 resolution, a video with a rate of 30 frames per second, and a
USB or FireWire port. Some Web cams are built into computer monitors.

Wireless LAN Access Point: A wireless LAN access point allows you to network several computers, so that
multiple users can share files and access the Internet through a single Internet connection. Each device that you
connect requires a wireless card or wireless capability. A wireless LAN access point can offer a range of operations
up to several hundred feet, so be sure the device has a high-powered antenna.

Figure 44 Hardware guidelines. (continued)

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 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices COM 31

Computer technology changes rapidly, meaning a hard disks, optical disc drives, a keyboard, mouse, monitor,
computer that seems powerful enough today may not printer, speakers, and modem. Be aware, however, that some
serve your computing needs in several years. In fact, studies advertisements list prices for computers with only some of
show that many users regret not buying a more powerful these components. Monitors and printers, for example, often
computer. To avoid this, plan to buy a computer that will are not included in a base computer’s price. Depending
last for at least two to three years. You can help delay obso- on how you plan to use the computer, you may want to
lescence by purchasing the fastest processor, the most mem- invest in additional or more powerful components. When
ory, and the largest hard disk you can afford. If you must comparing the prices of computers, make sure you are
buy a less powerful computer, be sure you can upgrade it comparing identical or similar configurations.
with additional memory, components, and peripheral devices
as your computer requirements grow. 8 If you are buying a new computer, you have
several purchasing options: buying from a
5 Consider upgrades to the mouse, keyboard, school bookstore, a local computer dealer, a
monitor, printer, microphone, and speakers. local large retail store, or ordering by mail via
You use these peripheral devices to interact with the telephone or the Web.
computer, so make sure they are up to your standards. Each purchasing option has certain advantages. Many
Review the peripheral devices listed in Figure 44 and then college bookstores, for example, sign exclusive pricing
visit both local computer dealers and large retail stores to agreements with computer manufacturers and, thus, can
test the computers and devices on display. Ask the sales- offer student discounts. Local dealers and local large retail
person which input and output devices would be best for stores, however, more easily can provide hands-on support.
you and whether you should upgrade beyond the standard Mail-order companies that sell computers by telephone
product. Consider purchasing a wireless keyboard and or online via the Web (Figure 45) often provide the low-
wireless mouse to eliminate wires on your desktop. A few est prices, but extend less personal service. Some major
extra dollars spent on these components when you initially mail-order companies, however, have started to provide
purchase a computer can extend its usefulness by years. next-business-day, on-site services. A credit card usually is
required to buy from a mail-order company.
6 Determine whether to use a broadband or
dial-up connection to access the Internet.
If your computer has a modem, you can access the
Internet using a standard telephone line. Ordinarily, you
call a local or toll-free 800 number to connect to an Internet
access provider. Using a dial-up Internet connection usually
is relatively inexpensive but slow.
Broadband connections (cable, DSL, fiber, radio signals,
or satellite) provide much faster Internet connections,
which are ideal if you want faster file download speeds for
software, digital photos, digital video, and music. As you
would expect, they can be more expensive than a dial-up
connection. If you want to use a broadband connection,
your computer should have an Ethernet card installed,
unless you are using a wireless broadband connection such
Figure 45 Mail-order companies, such as Dell, sell computers
as WiMax or 3G. If you will be using a dial-up connection, online.
your computer should have a modem installed.

7 Use a worksheet to compare computers, 9 If you are buying a used computer, stay
services, and other considerations. with name brands such as Dell, Apple, HP,
You can use a separate sheet of paper to take notes and Gateway.
about each vendor’s computer and then summarize the Although brand-name equipment can cost more, most
information on a worksheet. For a sample worksheet brand-name computers have longer, more comprehensive
that compares prices for a PC or a Mac, see scsite.com/ warranties, are better supported, and have more authorized
ic8/buyers. Most companies advertise a price for a base centers for repair services. As with new computers, you can
computer that includes components housed in the system purchase a used computer from local computer dealers,
unit (processor, RAM, sound card, video card, network card), local large retail stores, or mail order via the telephone

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 COM 32 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices

or the Web. Classified ads and used computer sellers offer

15 Consider purchasing an extended warranty
additional outlets for purchasing used computers.
or service plan.
If you use your computer for business or require fast
10 If you have a computer and are upgrading
resolution to major computer problems, consider purchasing
to a new one, then consider selling or trading
in the old one. an extended warranty or a service plan through a local dealer
If you are a replacement buyer, your older computer still or third-party company. Most extended warranties cover the
may have value. If you cannot sell the computer through repair and replacement of computer components beyond the
the classified ads, via a Web site, or to a friend, then ask if standard warranty. Most service plans ensure that your techni-
the computer dealer will buy your old computer. cal support calls receive priority response from technicians.
An increasing number of companies are taking trade-ins, You also can purchase an on-site service plan that states that
but do not expect too much money for your old computer. a technician will arrive at your home, work, or school within
Other companies offer to recycle your old computer free or 24 hours. If your computer includes a warranty and service
for a fee. agreement for a year or less, consider extending the service
for two or three years when you buy the computer.
11 Be aware of hidden costs.
Before purchasing, be sure to consider any additional costs
associated with buying a computer, such as an additional How to Purchase a Notebook Computer
telephone line, a broadband modem, an uninterruptible
power supply (UPS), computer furniture, a USB flash drive, If you need computing capability when you travel or
paper, and computer training classes you may want to take.
Depending on where you buy the computer, the seller may to use in lectures or meetings, you may find a notebook
be willing to include some or all of these in the computer computer to be an appropriate choice. The guidelines
purchase price.
mentioned in the previous section also apply to the
12 Consider more than just price. purchase of a notebook computer. The following are
The lowest-cost computer may not be the best long-term
buy. Consider such intangibles as the vendor’s time in business, additional considerations unique to notebook computers,
regard for quality, and reputation for support. If you need to including netbooks and Tablet PCs.
upgrade a computer often, you may want to consider a leas-
ing arrangement, in which you pay monthly lease fees, but can
upgrade or add on to your computer as your equipment needs
change. No matter what type of buyer you are, insist on a
30-day, no-questions-asked return policy on the computer.

13 Avoid restocking fees.

Some companies charge a restocking fee of 10 to 20
percent as part of their money-back return policy. In some
cases, no restocking fee for hardware is applied, but it is
applied for software. Ask about the existence and terms of
any restocking policies before you buy.

14 Use a credit card to purchase a new

computer. 1 Determine which computer fits your mobile
Many credit cards offer purchase protection and extended computing needs.
warranty benefits that cover you in case of loss of or damage to Before purchasing a notebook computer, you need
purchased goods. Paying by credit card also gives you time to to determine whether a traditional notebook computer,
install and use the computer before you have to pay for it. netbook, or Tablet PC will meet your needs. If you spend
Finally, if you are dissatisfied with the computer and are most of your time working on spreadsheets, writing and/
unable to reach an agreement with the seller, paying by credit or editing documents, sending and responding to e-mail
card gives you certain rights regarding withholding payment messages, or using the Internet, then a traditional notebook
until the dispute is resolved. Check your credit card terms for computer will suffice. If your primary use will be to access
specific details. the Internet while traveling and you are not concerned as

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 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices COM 33

much with processing power or hard disk capacity, consider Mouse and Digital Pen Operations
a netbook. If you need a computer in class or you spend
Mouse Digital Pen
more time in meetings than in your office, then the Tablet
PC may be the answer. Before you invest money in a Tablet Point Point
PC, however, determine which programs you plan to use on Click Tap
it. You should not buy a Tablet PC simply because it is an Double-click Double-tap
interesting type of computer.
Right-click Tap and hold
2 Purchase a notebook computer with a Click and drag Drag
sufficiently large screen.
Active-matrix screens display high-quality color that is Figure 46 Standard point-and-click of a mouse compared
with the gestures made with a digital pen.
viewable from all angles. Less expensive, passive-matrix
screens sometimes are difficult to see in low-light conditions
the standard point-and-click of a mouse with the gestures made
and cannot be viewed from an angle.
with a digital pen. Other gestures with the digital pen replicate
Notebook computers typically include a 12.1-inch,
some of the commonly used keys on a keyboard.
13.3-inch, 14.1-inch, 15.4-inch, or 17-inch display. Netbooks
have screens as small as 7 inches. For most users, a 14.1-inch 4 Make sure the notebook computer you
display is satisfactory. If you intend to use the notebook com- purchase has an optical disc drive.
puter as a desktop computer replacement, however, you may Most mobile computers include an optical disc drive.
opt for a 15.4-inch or 17-inch display. The WSXGA+ stan- Although DVD/Blu-ray Disc drives are slightly more
dard (1680 3 1050) is popular with 17-inch displays, so if you expensive, they allow you to play CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray
intend to watch HD movies on the computer, take this into Discs using your notebook computer and hear the sound
consideration. Some notebook computers with these larger through earbuds. If you decide to purchase a netbook, it
displays weigh more than 10 pounds, however, so if you travel might not include an optical disc drive. Instead, you might
a lot and portability is essential, you might want a lighter need to purchase an external optical disc drive.
computer with a smaller display. The lightest notebook com-
puters, which weigh less than 3 pounds, are equipped with a 5 If necessary, upgrade the processor, memory,
12.1-inch display. and disk storage at the time of purchase.
Regardless of size, the resolution of the display should be As with a desktop computer, upgrading a notebook
at least 1024 3 768 pixels. To compare the screen size on computer’s memory and disk storage usually is less expen-
various notebook computers, including netbooks and Tablet sive at the time of initial purchase. Some disk storage is
PCs, visit the company Web sites. Tablet PCs use a digitizer custom designed for notebook computer manufacturers,
below a standard 10.4-inch motion-sensitive LCD display to meaning an upgrade might not be available in the future.
make the writing experience on the screen feel like writing on If you are purchasing a lightweight notebook computer
paper. To ensure you experience the maximum benefits from or Tablet PC, then it should include at least an Intel Core
the ClearType technology, make sure the LCD display has a 2 Quad processor, 2 GB RAM, and 250 GB of storage. If
resolution of 800 3 600 in landscape mode and a resolution of you are purchasing a netbook, it should have an Intel Atom
600 3 800 in portrait mode. processor, at least 1 GB RAM, and 120 GB of storage.

3 Experiment with different keyboards, 6 The availability of built-in ports and slots
pointing devices, and digital pens. and a USB hub on a notebook computer is
Notebook computer keyboards, especially netbook important.
keyboards, are far less standardized than those for desktop A notebook computer does not have much room to add
computers. Some notebook computers, for example, have wide adapter cards. If you know the purpose for which you plan to
wrist rests, while others have none, and keyboard layouts on use the notebook computer, then you can determine the ports
notebook computers often vary. Notebook computers also use a you will need. Netbooks typically have fewer ports than tra-
range of pointing devices, including touchpads, pointing sticks, ditional notebook computers and Tablet PCs. Most notebook
trackballs, and, in the case of Tablet PCs, digital pens. computers include common ports, such as a video port, audio
Before purchasing a notebook computer, try various types of port, network port, FireWire port, and multiple USB ports.
keyboards and pointing devices to determine which is easiest If you plan to connect the notebook computer to a television,
for you to use. Regardless of the device you select, you also however, then you will need a PC to TV port. To optimize tele-
may want to purchase a standard mouse to use when you are vision viewing, you may want to consider DisplayPort, DVI, or
working at a desk or other large surface. Figure 46 compares HDMI ports. If you want to connect to networks at school or

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 COM 34 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices

in various offices via a network cable, make sure the notebook

11 Purchase a notebook computer with a
computer you purchase has a network port. If the notebook
built-in wireless network connection.
computer does not contain a network port, you will have to
A wireless network connection (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi
purchase an external network card that slides into an expan-
a/b/g/n, WiMAX, etc.) can be useful when you travel or as
sion slot in your computer, as well as a network cable. You also
part of a home network. Increasingly more airports, hotels,
may want to consider adding a card reader.
schools, and cafés have wireless networks that allow you to
connect to the Internet. Many users today are setting up
7 If you plan to use your notebook computer
wireless home networks. With a wireless home network,
for note-taking at school or in meetings,
consider a convertible Tablet PC. your notebook computer can access the Internet, as well as
Some computer manufacturers have developed convertible other computers in the house, from any location to share
Tablet PCs that allow the screen to rotate 180 degrees on a files and hardware, such as a printer, and browse the Web.
central hinge and then fold down to cover the keyboard Most home wireless networks allow connections from
(Figure 47). You then can use a digital pen to enter text or distances of 150 to 800 feet.
drawings into the computer by writing on the screen. Some
12 If you plan to use your notebook computer
notebook computers have wide screens for better viewing and
for long periods without access to an electrical
editing, and some even have a screen on top of the unit in
outlet, purchase a second battery.
addition to the regular screen. If you spend much of your
The trend among notebook computer users today is
time attending lectures or meetings, then the slate Tablet PC
power and size over battery life. Many notebook computer
is ideal. With a slate Tablet PC, users can attach a removable
users today are willing to give up longer battery life for a
keyboard.
larger screen, faster processor, and more storage. In addition,
some manufacturers typically sell the notebook computer
with the lowest capacity battery. For this reason, be care-
ful in choosing a notebook computer if you plan to use it
without access to electrical outlets for long periods, such as
an airplane flight. You also might want to purchase a second
battery as a backup. If you anticipate running the notebook
computer on batteries frequently, choose a computer that
uses lithium-ion batteries, which last longer than nickel
cadmium or nickel hydride batteries.

Figure 47 A 13 Purchase a well-padded and well-designed

convertible Tablet PC.
carrying case.
An amply padded carrying case will protect your
8 If you purchase a Tablet PC, determine notebook computer from the bumps it will receive while
whether you require multi-touch technology. traveling. A well-designed carrying case will have room for
Newer operating systems now support hardware with accessories such as spare optical discs, pens, and paperwork
multi-touch technology. If you choose an operating system (Figure 48). Although a netbook may be small enough to
that supports this technology, the Tablet PC also must fit in a handbag,
support this technology. make sure that the
bag has sufficient
9 Purchase a notebook computer with an
padding to protect
integrated Web cam.
the computer.
If you will be using a notebook computer to connect
to the Internet and chat with friends online, consider
purchasing one with an integrated Web cam.

10 Check with your wireless carrier to see if

it offers netbooks for sale.
Most wireless carriers now offer wireless data plans
allowing you to connect to the Internet from almost any-
where with a cell phone signal. Some wireless carriers now Figure 48
are selling netbooks with built-in capability to connect A well-designed notebook
wirelessly to the Internet using a wireless data plan. computer carrying case.

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 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices COM 35

14 If you plan to connect your notebook How to Purchase a Smart Phone

computer to a video projector, make sure the
notebook computer is compatible with the You probably will use a smart phone more often
video projector.
than other mobile devices. For this reason, it is
You should check, for example, to be sure that your
notebook computer will allow you to display an image on important to choose a phone that is available
the computer screen and projection device at the same
through your preferred wireless carrier,
time. Also, ensure that the notebook computer has the ports
required to connect to the video projector. You also may available in your price range, and offers access
consider purchasing a notebook computer with a built-in to the features you will use most frequently.
Web cam for video conferencing purposes.
This section lists guidelines you should consider
15 For improved security and convenience,
when purchasing a smart phone.
consider a fingerprint reader.
More than half a million notebook computers are stolen or 1 Choose a wireless carrier and plan that
lost each year. If you have critical information stored on your satisfies your needs and budget.
notebook computer, consider purchasing one with a fingerprint Multiple wireless carriers exist today, and each one offers
reader to protect the data if your computer is stolen or lost a different line of smart phones. For example, the Samsung
(Figure 49). Fingerprint security offers a level of protection that Alias is available only through Verizon Wireless. Alternatively,
extends well beyond the standard password protection. If your some smart phones, such as the BlackBerry line of smart
notebook computer is stolen, the odds of recovering it improve phones, are available from multiple wireless carriers. Before
dramatically with anti-theft tracking software. Manufacturers deciding on a smart phone, you first should research the wire-
claim recovery rates of 90 percent or more for notebook com- less carriers in your area, and be sure to ascertain whether the
puters using their product. For convenience, fingerprint readers coverage is acceptable. Additionally, compare the calling plans
also allow you to log onto several Web sites in lieu of entering for the various carriers and determine which one best meets
user name and password information. your needs. Once you have determined the wireless carrier
to use, you then can choose from one of their available smart
phones. Once you purchase a smart phone, most carriers
allow you to perform a risk-free evaluation for 30 days. If you
are not satisfied with the phone or its performance, you can
Figure 49 Fingerprint return the phone and pay only for the service you have used.
reader technology offers
greater security than 2 Decide on the size, style, and weight of the
passwords. smart phone that will work best for you.
Smart phones are available in various sizes, weights,
16 Review the docking capabilities of the shapes, and colors. Some people prefer larger, heavier
Tablet PC. phones because they feel that they are more durable, while
The Tablet Technology in the Windows operating system others prefer smaller, lightweight phones for easy portability.
supports a grab-and-go form of docking, so that you can pick Some smart phones are flip phones, meaning that you have
up and take a docked Tablet PC with you, just as you would to open the phone (like a clamshell) to display the screen
pick up a notepad on your way to a meeting (Figure 50). and keypad, some open by sliding the phone, and others do
not need to be opened to use them. Figure 51 shows various
smart phone styles.

Figure 50 A Tablet PC Figure 51

docked to create a desktop computer Various smart
with the Tablet PC as the monitor. phone styles.

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 COM 36 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices

memory card and eventually fill it, you easily can transfer the
3 Determine whether you prefer a touch
data to a larger memory card.
screen, keypad, or mini-keyboard.
Modern smart phones provide various ways to enter text.
7 Check out the accessories.
During the past several years, smart phones with touch
Determine which accessories you want for the smart
screens as their primary input device have been penetrating
phone. Accessories include carrying cases, screen protectors,
the market. Some smart phone users prefer touch screens
synchronization cradles and cables, and car chargers.
because the phone does not require additional space for a
keypad or mini-keyboard, but others find it more difficult
to type on a touch screen. Most newer smart phones with How to Purchase a Portable Media Player
touch screens also include handwriting recognition. Smart
phones with keypads might make it easier to type for some
users, but others do not like the unfamiliar feeling of keys Portable media players are becoming the preferred
arranged in alphabetical order. In addition, you often have device for listening to music and watching videos on
to press the keys multiple times before reaching the letter
you want to type. Mini-keyboards are available on some
the go. When choosing a portable media player, it is
smart phones, such as the BlackBerry and Samsung Alias. important to consider features and characteristics
Mini-keyboards provide a key for each letter, but the keys
are significantly smaller than those on a standard keyboard.
other than the physical size
Most smart phone users type on mini-keyboards using their and amount of storage space.
thumbs.
This section lists guidelines
4 If you will be synchronizing your smart you should consider when
phone with a program on your computer,
select a smart phone that is compatible purchasing a portable media
with the program you wish to use. player.
Programs such as Microsoft Outlook allow you to
synchronize your e-mail messages, contacts, and calendar 1 Choose a device with sufficient storage
with your smart phone. If you would like this functionality, capacity.
purchase a smart phone that can synchronize with Microsoft Audio and video files can consume a great deal of storage
Outlook. Similarly, if your company uses a BlackBerry space, so be sure to purchase a portable media player that
Enterprise server or Microsoft Exchange server, you should has enough capacity to store your audio and video files.
consider purchasing a smart phone that can synchronize, You also should consider approximately how many media
either using wires or wirelessly, with those servers. files you acquire each year, and make sure that your device
has enough storage space to accommodate these files for
5 Compare battery life. years to come.
Any smart phone is useful only if it has the power required
to run. Talking and using the Internet on your smart phone 2 Determine which file formats your new
will shorten battery life more quickly than when the phone portable media player should support and
is powered on but not in use. If you have a choice, be sure to how you will add files to your library.
purchase a battery that will allow the phone to function all Some portable media players are designed to accept new
day. Pay particular attention to the talk time and standby time. audio and video files only through a program installed on a
If you plan to talk on the phone more than the advertised talk computer. For example, it is easiest to add media files to an
time, you might consider purchasing a second battery or an iPod using the iTunes program. Other portable media play-
extended battery if your phone supports it. ers connect to a computer using a cable and are displayed in
Windows as a removable disk. You then can add files to the
6 Make sure your smart phone has enough media player by dragging the files to the removable disk icon
memory and storage. in Windows. The portable media player must support the
If you are using the smart phone to send and receive file formats you are using. You can determine the file format
picture, video, and e-mail messages, and to store music, by looking at the file extension on the media files you wish
purchase a memory card that not only is compatible with to transfer to your portable media player. Before purchasing
your computer and smart phone, but also has adequate a portable media player, make sure that it can support the
storage space for your messages and files. If you purchase a file formats you are using.

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 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices COM 37

media players sometimes can last for only a few hours on

3 Consider a portable media player that can
alkaline batteries, and battery replacement can be costly.
play video.
Rechargeable batteries often last longer and create less waste.
Some users prefer to watch videos on their portable
If you are not near a power source, you are unable to recharge
media player in addition to playing music. You typically can
the batteries when they die. With alkaline batteries, you sim-
download videos for portable media players less expensively
ply can insert new ones and continue enjoying your player.
than purchasing the movie on a DVD/Blu-ray Disc. Although
the display on a portable media player is small, many still
8 Stay within your budget.
find entertainment value because they are able to watch
As previously mentioned, portable media players are
videos while waiting for a bus, on an airplane, or at other
available in a variety of shapes and sizes, and they also are
locations where they otherwise might not have anything
available with various storage capacities. When shopping for a
to occupy them.
portable media player, be realistic when you consider how you
will use the device, as well as how much storage you require.
4 Read reviews about the sound quality on the
Purchasing the latest and greatest device is not always the best
portable media players you are considering.
option, and the cost can exceed what you care to spend.
Sound quality may vary greatly among portable media
players. If you are unable to try the portable media player
before buying it, read reviews and make sure that those How to Purchase a Digital Camera
reviewing the devices find the sound quality to be accept-
able. You also may consider purchasing higher-quality
earbuds or headphones to enhance the sound quality.

5 Select a size and style that works best for you.

Portable media players are available in various shapes and
styles. For example, Apple offers the iPod shuffle, iPod nano,
iPod classic, and iPod touch (Figure 52). Each type of iPod Both amateur and professional photographers now
varies in size and style, and some have capabilities (such as
video) that others do not. Choose a size and style that meets are mostly purchasing digital cameras to meet their
your needs and fits your personality. photography needs. Because digital cameras with new
and improved features regularly are introduced to the
marketplace, consumers should know how to compare
the differences among the multiple cameras that
are available. This section lists guidelines you should
consider when purchasing a digital camera.
1 Determine the type of digital camera that
meets your needs.
Figure 52 PPortable
t bl mediadi players
l are available
il bl in
i different
diff Various types of digital cameras exist, including
shapes, styles, and colors. point-and-shoot cameras, field cameras, and studio
cameras. Point-and-shoot cameras typically fit in your
6 Check out additional memory cards. pocket and meet the needs of most general consumers.
Most portable media players have internal storage for your Field cameras, which often are used by photojournalists, are
media files. If you wish to increase the available storage, con- portable but flexible. Field cameras allow photographers to
sider purchasing a portable media player that allows you to change lenses and use other attachments, and also are more
increase storage capacity by inserting memory cards. Similar customizable than point-and-shoot cameras. Studio cameras
to most computers, it is less expensive initially to purchase are used in photo studios and are stationary. These cameras
the largest amount of storage that you can afford, but it is give you the widest range of lenses and settings.
helpful to be able to increase your storage at a later date.
2 The digital camera with the highest
7 Consider rechargeable batteries. resolution is not always the best.
Although most portable media players include rechargeable Many consumers mistakenly believe that the digital camera
batteries, some still use traditional alkaline batteries. Portable with the highest resolution is the best camera for their needs.

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 COM 38 How to Purchase Computers and Mobile Devices

A higher resolution increases quality and clarity of your pho- you are considering does not have a viewfinder, because you
tos, as well as the size at which you can print the photos before then will be required to use the display to frame your shots.
noticing degradation in quality. If you never plan to print photos
larger than 8" 3 10", for example, you do not need a camera 7 Determine whether your pictures will
with a resolution greater than 5 megapixels. Many cameras require you to zoom.
available today advertise higher resolutions, but taking pictures If you plan to take pictures of people or objects that require
at these high resolutions can use valuable storage space. Just you to zoom in, select a digital camera that has a high optical
because your camera can take a 10-megapixel photo does not zoom. An optical zoom enlarges the subject by adjusting the
mean that you always should set the resolution to 10 megapixels. camera lens, whereas a digital zoom uses formulas built into
the camera to magnify images. Optical zooms, as opposed to
3 Consider size and weight. digital zooms, often result in a higher quality photo. While a
Digital cameras are available in various sizes and weights. digital zoom might be capable of magnifying objects that are
Some people prefer smaller, lighter cameras because they 100 feet away, the photo will suffer a loss of quality.
are easier to transport and take up less space. Others prefer
bulkier, heavier cameras because the weight helps steady 8 Price is important.
them to take a clearer picture. Many digital cameras also As with all other devices, purchase a digital camera that does
include an image stabilization feature that reduces the pos- not exceed your budget. If you find a great camera that is avail-
sibility of a blurry picture if you move your hands slightly able for more than you are willing to spend, consider locating
while taking the picture. Some also believe that heavier cam- a camera with a slightly lower resolution, an alternate brand,
eras are of better quality, although that seldom is true. When or a smaller screen. Digital cameras can last well beyond five
choosing a digital camera, practice taking pictures with it years if properly maintained, so consider this a longer-term
and select one that feels comfortable and natural. investment that will create memories lasting you a lifetime.

4 Different cameras require different 9 Know your batteries.

memory cards. Some digital cameras require replaceable alkaline or
When purchasing a digital camera, pay careful attention rechargeable batteries (often AA or AAA), and others have a
to the type of memory card the camera uses. Many use SD rechargeable battery. Similar to batteries in portable media
cards, some use xD Picture cards, and some use CompactFlash players, using disposable batteries in digital cameras can get
memory cards. Some memory cards are more expensive to expensive, and they may not last as long as rechargeable bat-
replace than others, and some have a higher capacity than tery packs. Digital camera battery life is not measured in hours
other cards. If you take a lot of pictures, purchase a camera that (as is the case with smart phones and portable media players);
supports a memory card with a higher storage capacity so that instead, it is measured in how many pictures can be taken on a
you can avoid carrying multiple memory cards. You also might single charge or set of batteries. Turning off the LCD screen
consider purchasing a camera that uses a memory card that is and flash when you take pictures can help to extend battery life.
compatible with your other mobile devices.
10 Purchase accessories.
5 Photo editing features can save you time. Accessories that are available for digital cameras include
Some digital cameras have integrated tools that allow you carrying cases, extra batteries and battery chargers, and extra
to edit photos directly from the camera. For instance, you memory cards (Figure 53). Carrying cases can help protect
may be able to crop photos, change the brightness, or remove your digital camera, especially while traveling, and the extra
red-eye effects. Editing photos directly on the camera after batteries and chargers can stay inside your carrying case so
taking them can save you from editing multiple photos at that they are readily available should you need them. Screen
once when you transfer them to a computer. The photo edit- protectors can help protect the LCD screen on your digital
ing capabilities available on digital cameras are limited when camera.
compared to photo editing programs, but in many cases they
can edit a photo to your satisfaction.

6 Make sure that you can see the LCD screen

easily.
LCD screens on digital cameras allow you to configure
the settings, frame a shot before taking it, and preview pho-
tos after taking them. LCD screens vary by inches, so select
a camera with a screen that does not require you to strain Figure 53 Digital camera accessories include memory cards,
your eyes to view. This is especially important if the camera cases, batteries, and battery chargers.

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 How to Purchase Computers
Introduction
and Mobile
to Computers
Devices COM 39

Learn It Online

STUDENT ASSIGNMENTS
Instructions
To complete the Learn It Online exercises, start your browser, click the address bar, and then enter the Web address scsite.com/ic8/learn.
csite.com/ic8/learn.
When the Introduction to Computers Learn It Online page is displayed, click the link for the exercise you want to complete
mplete and then
read the instructions.

1 Chapter Reinforcement TF, MC, and SA

A series of true/false, multiple choice, and short answer questions that test your knowledge of the chapter
ter content.

2 Flash Cards
An interactive learning environment where you identify key terms associated with displayed definitions.

3 Practice Test
A series of multiple choice questions that test your knowledge of chapter content and key terms.

4 Who Wants To Be a Computer Genius?

An interactive game that challenges your knowledge of chapter content in the style of a television quiz show.

5 Wheel of Terms
An interactive game that challenges your knowledge of chapter key terms in the style of the television show
Wheel of Fortune.

6 Crossword Puzzle Challenge

A crossword puzzle that challenges your knowledge of key terms presented in the chapter.

Case Studies
1. Computers are ubiquitous. Watching television, driving a 3. As notebook computers become more affordable, an
car, using a credit card, ordering fast food, and the more increasing number of college students are purchasing them
obvious activity of typing a research paper all involve inter- to use instead of using computers available on campus. As
action with computers. Make a list of every computer you a new college student, you also would like to purchase a
can recall that you encountered over the past week (be notebook computer for your coursework. Shop online for
careful not to limit yourself just to the computers you see). a notebook computer that you believe will be sufficient for
Consider how each computer is used. How were the tasks your major. Some schools have suggested notebook com-
the computers performed done before computers existed? puter configurations that can assist in your search. Once
Do you feel computers have a positive impact on people you find a notebook computer, write a brief report describ-
and organizations? Write a brief report and submit it to ing the computer (include the brand, model, configuration
your instructor. information, and price), and submit it to your instructor.

2. The Internet has had a tremendous impact on 4. Today, the functional lines among mobile devices seem
organizations. For some organizations, that influence has blurred. Your cell phone has a digital camera; your portable
not been positive. For example, surveys suggest that as a media player has wireless Internet access; and your game
growing number of people make their own travel plans console plays videos and connects to the Internet. These
online, travel agents are seeing fewer customers. Use the are examples of technological convergence, a process in
Web to research organizations that have been affected which separate technologies merge in single products.
negatively by the Internet. What effect has the Internet Write a brief report on how your favorite mobile device is
had? How can the organization compete with the Internet? an example of convergence, listing the various technologies
Do you feel that computers might replace humans entirely that it uses.
in the workforce? Why or why not? Write a brief report
and submit it to your instructor.

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 COM 40 How to Purchase
Introduction to Computers
Computers and Mobile Devices

Index
access provider, COM 22 fingerprint reader, COM 29, COM 35 netbook, COM 4 sound card, COM 30
all-in-one device, COM 9 flash memory storage, COM 12–15 network, COM 21 speakers, COM 2, COM 30
antivirus programs, COM 26 and the Internet, COM 21–25 spreadsheet software, COM 20
application software, COM 18–21 gigabyte (GB), COM 8 notebook computer, COM 4 storage device, COM 10–17
arithmetic/logic unit (ALU), COM 8 graphical user interface (GUI), COM 18 storage medium, COM 10
green computing, COM 3 online, COM 21 stylus, COM 6
backup, COM 11 online service provider (OSP), COM 24 subject directory, COM 25
batteries for computers and mobile devices, hard disk, COM 10–12, COM 29 online social network, COM 24 system software, COM 18
COM 34, COM 36, COM 38 hard disk drive, COM 2 operating system, COM 18 system unit, COM 2, COM 8
BD-RE, COM 17 head crash, COM 11 optical disc, COM 15–17
blog, COM 24 http://, COM 24 optical disc drive, COM 15, COM 29 Tablet PC, COM 4
Blu-ray Disc, COM 17 Hypertext Transfer Protocol, COM 24 output devices, COM 9 terabyte (TB), COM 8
Buyer’s Guide: How to Purchase touchpad, COM 7
Computers and Mobile Devices, information, COM 3 peripheral, COM 3 track, COM 11
COM 27–38 information processing cycle, COM 3 personal computer, COM 4 transmission media, COM 17
byte, COM 8 ink-jet printers, COM 8–9 photo printers, COM 9 Trojan horse, COM 26
input device, COM 5–7 pixels, COM 10
card reader/writer, COM 2, COM 29 installing, COM 18 pointer, COM 6 uninstalling, COM 18
CD-R, CD-ROM, CD-RW, COM 16 Internet, COM 22–24 pointing devices, COM 6–7 URL, COM 24
central processing unit (CPU), ISP (Internet service provider), COM 22 portable media player, COM 5 USB flash drive, COM 2, COM 15,
COM 8 ports, COM 30 COM 30
cloud storage, COM 17 presentation software, COM 19 USB hub, COM 30
joystick/wheel, COM 29
communications device, COM 17 printer, COM 2, COM 9, COM 30 users, COM 3
CompactFlash (CF), COM 14 processor, COM 8, COM 30 utility program, COM 18
computer, COM 2 keyboard, COM 5, COM 29 program, COM 18
See also specific type kilobyte (KB or K), COM 8 purchasing video card, COM 30
components of, COM 2–4 desktop computer, COM 28–32 virus, COM 26
PC vs. Mac, COM 31 laptop computer, COM 4 digital camera, COM 37–38
Purchasing, See Buyer’s Guide LCD monitor, COM 10 notebook computer, COM 32–35 Web, COM 24–25
computer operations, COM 3 local area network (LAN), COM 21 portable media player, COM 36–37 Web 2.0, COM 24
computer users, COM 3 smart phone, COM 35–36 Web address, COM 24
control unit, COM 8 malware, COM 26 Web application, COM 18
megabyte (MB), COM 8 RAM, COM 8, COM 30 Web browser, COM 24
data, COM 3 memory, COM 8 removable hard disk, COM 12 Web cam, COM 2, COM 30
database, COM 20 memory card, COM 2, COM 13 resolution, COM 10 Web page, COM 24
database software, COM 20 types of, COM 14 rootkit, COM 26 Web server, COM 24
desktop computer, COM 4, COM 28 Memory Stick Micro (M2), COM 14 Web site, COM 24
digital camera, COM 2, COM 5 Memory Stick PRO Duo, COM 14 scanner, COM 30 wide area network (WAN), COM 22
digital pen operations, COM 33 microphone, COM 29 SDHC, COM 14 wireless Internet service provider,
display device, COM 10 microSD, COM 14 search engine, COM 25 COM 24
DVD+RAM, DVD-ROM, DVD-RW, microSDHC, COM 14 search text, COM 25 wireless LAN (WLAN), COM 21
DVD+RW, COM 16–17 Microsoft Windows operating system, searching the Web, COM 25 access points, COM 30
DVD-ROM drive, COM 16 COM 18 sectors, COM 11 wireless, COM 17
mobile computer, COM 4 Secure Digital (SD), COM 14 word processing software, COM 19
e-commerce, COM 25 mobile device, COM 4–5 smart phone, COM 5 worksheet, COM 20
e-mail program, COM 21 modem, COM 2, COM 29 social networking Web site, COM 24 World Wide Web, COM 24–25
end users, COM 3 monitor, COM 2, COM 10, COM 29 software, COM 18–21 worm, COM 26
ExpressCard module, COM 15 motherboard, COM 8 types of, COM 18–21
external hard disk, COM 2, COM 12, mouse, COM 2, COM 6, COM 29 solid state drive (SSD), COM 12 xD Picture Card, COM 14
COM 29 multifunction peripheral, COM 9 solid state media, COM 12

Photo Credits
Opener – page 1 Courtesy of Kingston Technology Corporation; Courtesy of Intermec Technologies Corporation; Courtesy of Apple; Courtesy of Acer, Inc; Courtesy of Intel Corporation; Courtesy of
Microsoft Corporation; Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation; © Chris Rout/Alamy; Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 1a Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 1b Courtesy of Logitech;
1c Courtesy of Logitech; 1d Courtesy of Kingston Technology Corporation; 1e Courtesy of D-Link Corporation; 1f Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 1g Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 1h Courtesy
of LaCie; 1i Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 1j Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 4 Courtesy of Dell, Inc; 5 iStockphoto; 6a Courtesy of Apple; 6b Courtesy of Nokia; 6c Courtesy of
Nokia; 7 Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation; 8a © Alex Segre/Alamy; 8b PRNewsFoto/Verizon Wireless; 8c © Alex Segre/Alamy; 9 Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation; 10 Adam Balatoni/iStockphoto;
11a Courtesy of Nokia; 11b Courtesy of Nokia; 11c Courtesy of Nokia; 11d Courtesy of Nokia; 11e Courtesy of BoxWave Corporation; 12a Courtesy of Creative Technology Ltd; 12b Courtesy of
Sapphire Technology; 12c Courtesy of Intel Corporation; 12d Courtesy of Kingston Technology Corporation; 12e Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 12f Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company;
13a Courtesy of Xerox Corporation; 13b-l Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 14 Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 15 PRNewsFoto/Envision Peripherals Inc; 16a Courtesy of Palm, Inc;
16b iStockphoto; 16c © FP/Getty Images; 16d Courtesy of Nokia; 16e Courtesy of Apple; 16f Courtesy of Apple; 18 Courtesy of Western Digital Corporation; 19 Courtesy of Western Digital
Corporation; 20a Courtesy of Western Digital Corporation; 20b Courtesy of Iomega; 21 Courtesy of Toshiba America Electronic Components; 22a Image copyright Melissa King, 2009. Used under
license from Shutterstock; 22b Courtesy of Lexar Media; 22c Lenscap/Alamy; 22e Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 22g © Niels Poulsen/Alamy; 22h Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company;
23a Courtesy of Pretec; 23b Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 23c Courtesy of Lexar Media; 23d Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 23e Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 23f Courtesy of SanDisk
Corporation; 23g Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 23h Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 24a Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 24b © imagebroker/Alamy; 25 Courtesy of PCMCIA; 26 © Jeffrey
Coolidge/Getty Images; 27 Courtesy of Merriam-Webster Inc; 27a Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc; 27b Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc; 27c Courtesy of Caliper Corporation; 27d Courtesy of
Memorex Products, Inc; 27e Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc; 27f Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc; 27g Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc; 27h Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc;
27i Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc; 27j Courtesy of Memorex Products, Inc; 28k Courtesy of Caliper Corporation; 28 © 2005 Dell Inc. All Rights Reserved; 37 Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard
Company; 37 Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 37 Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 37 © Jim Goldstein/Alamy; 37 Courtesy of Nokia; 37 Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company;
38 Courtesy of Toyota U.S.A.; 43a Courtesy of Motion PC; 43b Courtesy of Dell, Inc; 43c Courtesy of Sony Electronics, Inc; 43d Courtesy of Apple; 43e Courtesy of FUJIFILM USA; 43f AP Photo/
Paul Sakuma; 43g Courtesy of Apple; 43h Courtesy of Dell, Inc; Page 28 Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 44a Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 44b Courtesy of Avid Technology; 44c Courtesy
of Seagate Technology LLC; 44d Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation; 44e Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 44f Courtesy of Logitech; 44g Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation; 44h Courtesy of
Logitech; 44i Courtesy of US Robotics; 44j iStockphoto; 44k Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation; 44l Courtesy of Sony Electronics Inc; 44m Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 44n Courtesy of
Hewlett-Packard Company; 44o Courtesy of Intel Corporation; 44p Courtesy of Kingston Technology Corporation; 44q Courtesy of UMAX; 44r Courtesy of M-Audio/Avid Technology, Inc;
44s Courtesy of Logitech; 44t Courtesy of Logitech; 44u Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 44v Courtesy of Belkin International Inc; 44w iStockphoto; page 32 Courtesy of Dell, Inc; page 32 Courtesy
of Hewlett-Packard Company; page 32 Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard Company; 47 PRNewsFoto/Mindjet LLC; 48 Courtesy of Fujitsu-Siemens Computers; 49 Image copyright MadTatyana, 2009.
Used under license from Shutterstock.com; Page 35 Courtesy of Nokia; 50 Courtesy of Motion Computing; 51a Courtesy of Verizon Wireless; 51b Courtesy of Verizon Wireless; 51c PRNewsFoto/
Verizon Wireless Page 36 Courtesy of Microsoft Corporation; 52 Courtesy of Apple; page 37 Courtesy of FUJIFILM USA; 53a Courtesy of SanDisk Corporation; 53b Courtesy of Sony Electronics Inc;
53c Image copyright SasPartout, 2009. Used under license from Shutterstock.

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