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Group 1 Activity

apply fundamental digital

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tuyambaze jean claude
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35 views5 pages

Group 1 Activity

apply fundamental digital

Uploaded by

tuyambaze jean claude
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COURSE NAME :APPLY FUNDAMENTAL DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

LEARNING OUTCAME 4: Apply

Programmable Logic Devices

GROUP 1 ACTIVITY

Programmable Logic Array



A Programmable Logic Array therefore, comprises of a PLA chip


having a fixed wiring structure of AND gates followed by OR gates
that can be programmed. PLA is a type of programmable logic
device to construct a reconfigurable digital circuit on its
architecture. It includes memory as well as logical operation which
enable the user to instruct the device to perform certain operations
of logic. As indicated by many authors, PLAs themselves are not
configured with a specific function at the time of manufacturing and
are configured before use.
What is Programmable Logic Array?
A Programmable Logic Array (PLA) is the implementation of the
combinational logic circuits using a programmable type of a digital
logic device. There is a programmable AND gate array with a
programmable OR gate inputted thereafter, a feature that enables
users to specify the required custom logic. PLAs tend to be more
versatile due to their capability of being programmed to operate
multiple logic functions and hence can be used in the designing of
specific hardware solutions.
Comparison with other Programmable Logic
Devices
 PLA has a programmable AND gate array and programmable OR
gate array.
 PAL has a programmable AND gate array but a fixed OR gate
array.
 ROM has a fixed AND gate array but programmable OR gate
array.
PLA is similar to a ROM in concept; however, it does not provide full
decoding of variables and does not generate all minterms as in the
ROM. Though its name consists of the word “programmable”, it does
not require any type of programming like in C and C++.
Features of Programmable Logic Array
 Programmable AND and OR Gates: PLA has two types of
arrays, namely programmable AND gate array and programmable
OR gate array so that the logic circuits can be designed in any
way.
 Reconfigurability: As compared with other logic devices, the
operation of PLAs is highly flexible and these devices may be
easily programmed to perform any of the numerous logical
functions.
 Partial Minterm Generation: It is also to be noted here that
PLA does not provide the full decoding of variables like ROM but it
functions only the necessary minterms.
 Combination of Memory and Logic: PLA has both the memory
and the logic features hence making it suitable for various
applications.
Basic Block Diagram for PLA

Following Truth table will be helpful in understanding function on no


of inputs:
A B C F1 F2

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 0 0

0 1 0 0 0
A B C F1 F2

0 1 1 1 0

1 0 0 0 1

1 0 1 1 1

1 1 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1

F1 = AB’C’ + ABC’ + ABC


on simplifying we get : F1 = AB + AC’
F2 = A’BC + AB’C + ABC
on simplifying we get: F2 = BC + AC
For the realization of the above function following circuit
diagram will be used.
PLA is used for the implementation of various combinational circuits
using a buffer, AND gate, and OR gate. In PLA, all the minterms are
not realized but only required minterms are implemented. As PLA
has a programmable AND gate array and a programmable OR gate
array, it provides more flexibility but the disadvantage is, it is not
easy to use.
The Operation of a PLA can be Summarized in Three
Steps
1. Programming: The user defines the logic function to be
implemented by the PLA by programming the input and output
configurations into the device.
2. Product term generation: The inputs are applied to the AND
gate array to produce a set of product terms.
3. Sum term generation: The product terms are then applied to
the OR gate array to generate the final output.
PLAs are often used in digital systems as they are versatile and
allow complex functions to be implemented easily. They are
particularly useful for implementing Boolean expressions with many
variables as the arrays of AND gates and OR gates can be
configured to handle large numbers of inputs.
Applications of Programmable Logic Array
 PLA is used to provide control over datapath.
 PLA is used as a counter.
 PLA is used as a decoder.
 PLA is used as a BUS interface in programmed I/O.
Advantages of Programmable Logic Array
 Flexibility: Both the programmable AND gates and also the
programmable OR gates offer the beneficial benefits of being
used in a number of combinational circuits.
 Efficient Minterm Usage: It will only implement the necessary
minterms thus making the design compact and more efficient.
 Reconfigurability: The PLAs can be reconfigured to perform
different logic functions depending with the requirements of an
application.
Disadvantages of Programmable Logic Array
 Complexity: PLAs are slightly different from other programmable
logic devices due to their high flexibility that makes the usage of
PLAs a little complicated.
 Cost: It has higher cost as compared to the least complex logic
devices such as PALs but it offers programming and flexible
control

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