Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) Process Design

Design flow (average) = 50,000 m3/d

2083 m3/hr
0.58 m3/s
Design flow (peak) for phase 1 = 3125 m3/hr
0.87 m3/s
Primary treated wastewater characteristics:
TSS in 250 ppm
BOD in 400 ppm
NH4 in 35 ppm
assume TKN 50 ppm
oil & grease 50 ppm
Min water Temperature (winter) 18 oC
Max water Temperature (summer) 32 oC
treated wastewater characteristics
TSS out 50 ppm
BOD out 60 ppm
NH4 out 5 ppm
COD out 80 ppm

Design of Aeration Tank:

design flow rate = 50,000 m3/d
BOD in = So = 400 ppm
SS in = 250 ppm
required BOD out = 60 ppm
required SS out = 50 ppm
calculation of effluent soluble BOD = (S) :
BOD of effluent solids = SSout * 0.65 * 1.42 * 0.68 = 31.4 ppm
BOD out = Soluble BOD + BOD of effluent solid
get Soluble BOD (S) = 28.6 ppm

HETROTROPHIC MICROORGANISM KINETIC COEFFICIENTS

Өc (sludge age) = 5 -15 = 10.0 day
Kd (decay coeff) = 0.06 - 0.15 = 0.10 d-1
X (MLVSS) = 1000 - 3000 = 2500 ppm
Y (yield coeff) = 0.4 - 0.8 = 0.60 g BOD/gvss
min volume reuirements of aeration tanks=
Q c Y S 0  S 
V 
X 1  k d  c 
22,283 m3

Assume the following:

NO of tanks = 4.00
Tank length = 60.0 m
Tank width = 25.0 m
Tank water depth = 5.00 m
actual volume of tanks = 30,000 m3
1) check: F/M = 0.2 - 0.4
QS
F / M ratio  
o
0.27 d-1
VX
2) check: Organic Loading Rate = 0.3 - 0.7
QS
OLR  o
 0.67 kg BOD/m3.d
V
3) Qr/Q = 0.25 - 0.75 0.50
then RAS = 25000 m3/d
289 l/s

4) calculate the conc of SS in return sludge (Xr)

X
(Qr/Q)=   0.50
Xr  X

get Xr = (1+1/R)*X = 7500 ppm

5) check: Hydraulic RT = Volume / total flow rate = 9.6 hr

6) Waste activated sludge (WAS):

Px  Y ob 5 Q  S 0  S  

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Px (wasted sludge) = Px  Y ob 5 Q  S 0  S   5571 kg/d

Y
Y ob   0.30 g MLSS/g BOD
1  k d
5
c
assume the percent of MLVSS/MLSS = 0.8
then the actual (Px) = 6963 kg/d
Qw (wasted sludge flow rate) = Px/ Xr = 928 m3/d

7) Determine the Oxygen requirement

Pxbio = 5571 kg/d

Nox = 0.8* TKN = 40 mg/l
Ro = 19,319 kg O2/d
Average oxygen transfer rate = 805 kg O2/hr
assume peak factor of 1.15 to provide sufficient oxygen transfer to handle peak loads
then the required oxygen transfer rate = 926 kg O2/hr
then the actual oxygen transfer rate under field conditons = AOTR
926 kg O2/hr
=
8) Determine the standard oxygen transfer requirement SOTR

B : salinity surface tension correction factor, typically 0.95 to 0.98 0.95

C Ŝ,T,H : dissolved oxygen saturation conc. in clean water in
aeration tank at temperature T, and altitude H, mg/l
C L : operating oxygen conc., mg/l = 2 mg/l
CS,20 : dissolved oxygen saturation conc., in clean water at 20oC 9.08 mg/l
and 1 atm, mg/l
T : operating temperature, oC = 30 oC
α : oxygen transfer correction factor for waste 0.6
F: fouling factor, typically 0.65 to 0.9 0.9

C S,T,H : dissolved oxygen saturation conc. in clean water at 7.27 mg/l

operating temperature T, and altitude H, mg/l
Patm,H : atmosoheric pressure at altitude H, mH2o 10.34 m
P w,eff depth :pressure at mid depth, above point of air release, due 2.25 m
to water column , kpa
O t : percent oxygen conc. leaving tank, usually 18 to 20 percent 19 %
then get CŜ,T,H = 8 mg/l
then get SOTR = 2,304 kg O2/hr
density of air at operating temperature = 1.1647 kg/m3

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percent of oxygen in air = 0.2318 g O2 / g air
Theoritical Air required under field conditions = 8,535 m3 air/hr
assume that efficiency of air diffuser (Fine bubble) = 0.25
the theoretical air required for one tank= 34,139 m3/hr
Air Blower capacity = 6,000 m3/hr
No of working blowers (2nd stage) = 6 add 3 standby

12- Design of Final settling tanks:

Qav = 50,000 m3/d
Qp = 75,000 m3/d
Qr = 25,000 m3/d
total flow (Qav + Qr) = 75,000 m3/d
total flow (Qp + Qr) = 100,000 m3/d
assume the followings:
No of tanks = 4
Tank diameter = 30 m
side water depth = 4 m
tank SA = 707 m2
Tank Volume = 2826 m3
Qav (per tank) = 18,750 m3/d
Qp (per tank) = 25,000 m3/d
Check SLR = Qav / SA = 26.5 m3/m2.d 16--28
Check SLR = Qp / SA = 35.4 m3/m2.d 40--64
check RT = Volume / Qav = 3.6 hr
check RT = Volume / Qp = 2.7 hr
Solid loading rate = (Qav + Qr)* X / SA = 2.8 kg/m2.hr 4--6
Solid loading rate = (Qp + Qr)* X / SA = 3.7 kg/m2.hr 8

14- design of Contact tank:

deisgn flow rate = 0.87 m3/s
52.1 m3/min
assume the following
No of tanks = 2 units
water depth = 3 m
Tank length = 20 m
Tank width = 10 m
the tank volume = 1200 m3
check Retention time = volume / flow rate = 23.0 min 15--30

Chlorination requirements
average chlorine dose = 10.0 g/m3
daily Cl2 required = Q * dose = 500 kg/d
Cl2 requirement (per Two weeks) = 7500 kg/2 weeks
mass of chlorine drum = 800.0 kg
Total No of drums for 2n stage = 9.4
select No of drums 10

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