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Basic Concepts Physics STUDOCU

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16 views1 page

Basic Concepts Physics STUDOCU

Uploaded by

nhanthanhdinh0355740639
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Title: Fundamental Concepts of Physics

1. Introduction Physics is the study of matter, energy, and the fundamental forces of nature. It seeks to
explain the behavior of the universe, from subatomic particles to vast galaxies. This guide covers
essential concepts to build a foundational understanding of physics.

2. Newton’s Laws of Motion

 First Law (Inertia): An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an
external force.

 Second Law (Force and Acceleration): Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).

 Third Law (Action and Reaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

3. Energy and Work

 Kinetic Energy (KE): Energy of motion, calculated as KE = ½ mv².

 Potential Energy (PE): Energy stored due to an object’s position or configuration.

 Work: Work is done when a force moves an object, defined as W = Fd cos(θ).

4. Thermodynamics

 First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

 Second Law: Entropy, or disorder, in a closed system always increases.

 Third Law: As temperature approaches absolute zero, entropy approaches a minimum value.

5. Waves and Light

 Wave Properties: Wavelength, frequency, and amplitude describe waves.

 Light Behavior: Light exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties (wave-particle duality).

 Electromagnetic Spectrum: Ranges from low-energy radio waves to high-energy gamma rays.

6. Conclusion Understanding the fundamental concepts of physics provides the foundation to explore
advanced topics, such as quantum mechanics, relativity, and astrophysics.

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