Introduction to MIS

Rab Nawaz Jadoon

Department of Computer Science Assistant Professor
COMSATS IIT, Abbottabad
DCS Pakistan
COMSATS Institute of
Information Technology

Management Information Systems (MIS)

 Information Systems
 An information system (IS)can be defined
technically as,
 a set of interrelated components that
 collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distribute
information to support decision making, coordinating, and
control in an organization.

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 Information Systems
 Information systems contain information about
significant people, places, and things within the
organization or in the environment surrounding
it.
 By information we mean data that have been shaped
into a form that is meaningful and useful to human
beings.
 Data, in contrast, are streams of raw facts
representing events occurring in organizations

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 Data and Information

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 Functions of Information Systems
 Three activities in an information system
produce the information that organizations need
to make decisions, control operations, analyze
problems, and create new products or services.
 These activities are
 Input
 Processing
 Output.

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 Functions of Information Systems
 Input
 captures or collects raw data from within the
organization or from its external environment.
 Processing
 converts this raw input into a meaningful form.
 Output
 transfers the processed information to the people
who will use it or to the activities for which it will be
used.
 Feedback
 Output that is returned to appropriate members of the
organization to help them evaluate or correct the input
stage.
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 Functions of Information Systems

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 Dimensions of information Systems
 Three dimensions are,
 Organization
 People
 Information Technology

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 1Organization
 Information systems are an integral part of
organizations.
 to understand how a specific business firm uses
information systems, you need to know something
about the structure, history, and culture of the
company.
 Organizations have a structure that is composed of
different levels and specialties.
 Their structures reveal a clear-cut division of labor.

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 Organization
 The upper levels of the hierarchy
 consist of managerial, professional, and technical
employees, whereas the
 lower levels
 consist of operational personnel.
 Experts are employed and trained for different business
functions, such as sales and marketing, manufacturing and
production, finance and accounting, and human resources.
 Information systems are built by the firm in order to serve
these different specialties and different levels of the firm.
 Information systems are built by the firm in order to serve these
different specialties and different levels of the firm.

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 Business Process
 An organization accomplishes and coordinates
work through this structured hierarchy and
through its business processes, which are
logically related tasks and behaviors for
accomplishing work.
 Developing a new product, fulfilling an order,
and hiring a new employee are examples of
business processes.

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 2People
 A business is only as good as the people who
work there and run it.
 Likewise with information systems ---
 they are useless without skilled people to build and maintain
them, and without people who can understand how to use
the information in a system to achieve business objectives.
 Business firms require many different kinds of skills
and people, including managers as well as rank-and-
file employees.

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 Levels in firm
Senior
management

Middle
management

Operational
management

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 Managers
 The job of managers is to make sense out of
the many situations faced by organizations,
make decisions, and formulate action plans to
solve organizational problems.
 Managers perceive business challenges in the
environment, they set the organizational strategy for
responding to those challenges, and they allocate the
human and financial resources to coordinate the
work and achieve success.
 Throughout, they must exercise responsible leadership

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 People
 Technology is relatively inexpensive today, but
people are very expensive.
 Because people are the only ones capable of
business problem solving and converting information
technology into useful business solutions.

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 3Technology
 Information technology is one of many tools
managers use to cope with change and
complexity.
 Computer Hardware
 Computer Software
 Data Management Technology
 Networking and Telecommunication Technology
 Internet
 World Wide Web (WWW)

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 Problem Solving Approach

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 Career in MIS

Breaking News

Of the top 20 fastest growing

occupations through 2016,
five are information systems
occupations.
(author)

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 Information System Career

Looking out to 2016, the U.S.

economy will create 15.6 million new
jobs and 30 million existing jobs will
open up as their occupants retire.

More than 95 percent of the new jobs

will be created in the service sector.

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 Major functions of a business

Manufacturing Sales and

(products) marketing

Human
Accounting
resource
and finance

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 Information System  Summary

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