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Lab 4 Bio-inst

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6 views

Lab 4 Bio-inst

Uploaded by

muhammadyoushamuqaddam600
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2022F-BBM-014

LAB # 04
OBJECT:
Follow instructions to design a virtual arbitrary ECG signal in NI LabVIEW software.

THEORY:
Simulating an ECG (Electrocardiogram) signal in NI LabVIEW involves creating a
waveform that resembles the characteristic shape of a heartbeat signal. In this case, the
Simulate Arbitrary Signal block allows us to input X and Y points to define the specific
waveform shape, which can mimic the ECG's peaks and troughs.
In an ECG simulation, the goal is to represent the different phases of the heart's electrical
cycle. The ECG signal is essentially a graph of voltage over time, representing the electrical
impulses as they travel through the heart. By using arbitrary points in LabVIEW, we can
approximate these phases to create a visually similar waveform.
The Collector block in LabVIEW is used to accumulate the signal data and send it to
visualization tools, such as the Waveform Chart and Waveform Graph. The Waveform Chart
provides a real-time, scrolling view of the signal, while the Waveform Graph displays the
complete signal, giving a snapshot of one or more cycles of the ECG wave.
Structure of an ECG Wave
An ECG wave consists of several components that correspond to different phases of the
heart's electrical activity:
1. P Wave: Represents atrial depolarization, where the atria (upper chambers of the heart)
contract to push blood into the ventricles. It appears as a small, rounded bump.
2. QRS Complex: Corresponds to ventricular depolarization, the most intense part of the
ECG signal. This complex includes:
3. Q Wave: A small downward deflection.
4. R Wave: A large upward peak.
5. S Wave: A downward deflection following the R wave. This part of the signal represents
the ventricles (lower chambers of the heart) contracting to pump blood to the lungs and
body.
6. T Wave: Represents ventricular repolarization, where the ventricles relax after
contraction. It appears as a small, broad bump after the QRS complex.
7. U Wave (sometimes visible): Thought to represent the repolarization of the Purkinje
fibers or a delay in ventricular repolarization.
Each part of the ECG wave has a specific amplitude, duration, and interval between waves,
reflecting the normal function of the heart’s electrical system. In simulation, these features
are approximated by defining points on the waveform that mimic the relative positions and
amplitudes of these components.
2022F-BBM-014

STEPS OF CONSTRUCTION:
1. Open NI LabVIEW and start a new VI.
2. Go to Functions Palette → Express → Input, select Simulate Arbitrary Signal, and place
it on the block diagram.
3. Double-click the Simulate Arbitrary Signal block, set the Signal Type to Arbitrary, and
input X and Y points to model the ECG waveform.
4. Adjust sampling rate as needed to refine the ECG signal appearance.
5. Go to Functions Palette → Signal Manipulation, select Collector, and place it on the
block diagram.
6. Connect the output of Simulate Arbitrary Signal to the input of Collector.
7. Go to Functions Palette → Graph Indicators → Controls, select Waveform Chart, and
place it on the front panel.
8. Connect the output of Collector to Waveform Chart.
9. Go back to Functions Palette → Graph Indicators, select Waveform Graph, and place it
on the front panel.
10. Connect the output of Collector to Waveform Graph.
11. Run the VI and view the ECG waveform in the Waveform Chart (scrolling) and
Waveform Graph (static view).

BLOCK DIAGRAM:
2022F-BBM-014

RESULTS / OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, simulating an ECG signal in NI LabVIEW involves constructing a waveform
that mimics the heart's electrical activity using specific X and Y points. This approach helps
recreate the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave characteristic of an ECG. LabVIEW's tools,
like the Collector and waveform indicators, make it easy to visualize the signal in real-time or
as a static waveform.

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