A REPORT ON DBMS CASE STUDY

Library Management System

SUBMITTED TO
MIT SCHOOL OF COMPUTING, LONI, PUNE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SECOND YEAR TERMWORK

SECOND YEAR
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
(Computer Science Engineering)

BY
Candidate Name Enrollment No.
1. Aditya Kanade ADT23SOCB0073
2. Aditya Muley ADT23SOCB0074
3.Akshada Patil ADT23SOCB0100
4.Anisha Prasad ADT23SOCB0144

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Uday Mande

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

MIT SCHOOL OF COMPUTING

MIT Art, Design and Technology University
Rajbaug Campus, Loni-Kalbhor, Pune 412201
2024-25
 MIT SCHOOL OF COMPUTING
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING
MIT ART, DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY,
RAJBAUG CAMPUS, LONI-KALBHOR, PUNE 412201

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Database Management System Project report for
entitled

Library Management System

Submitted by

Name of group members Signature

1. Aditya Kanade

2. Aditya Muley

3.Akshada Patil

4.Anisha Prasad

is a bonafide work carried out by students under the supervision of (Prof.

Uday Mande ) and it is submitted towards the fulfillment of the requirement of
MIT ADT University, Pune for the Term Work submission of Second Year,
Computer Science Engineering.

Subject Teacher/Coordinator
( Prof. Uday Mande )

MITSOC, Information Technology, 2024-25 2

 MIT SCHOOL OF COMPUTING
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING
MIT ART, DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY,
RAJBAUG CAMPUS, LONI-KALBHOR, PUNE 412201

CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE NO

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 4

Chapter 2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

5

Chapter 3 LITERATURE SURVEY

7

Chapter 4 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS 10

Chapter 5 SELECTION OF DATABASE AND IT'S STRUCTURE 13

Chapter 6 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES USED 19

Chapter 7 RESULTS 21

Chapter 8 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 28

Chapter 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY
30

MITSOC, Information Technology, 2024-25 3

 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

A Library Management System has been designed to manage the availability of

books, members, and transactions. Traditionally, the tasks were managed
manually; hence, it led to inefficiencies such as slower processing times and
challenges faced in tracking inventory. It has been able to overcome those
problems by providing a more user-friendly interface to managing library
operations.

• Key Features

1. Automatic Operations: The LMS carries out many operations, such as book
issue and return, new member registration, and record keeping. Most of the time,
automation eliminates manual entries and consequently decreases the errors
associated with human oversight.

2. User Modules: The system has been divided into three major modules:

- Admin Module: This module is run by the system administrator who oversees
the general operations of the LMS.

- Librarian Module: This module allows librarians to perform daily tasks such as
managing book inventories and member records.

-Student Module: This module enables students to search for books, check
availability, and manage their borrowing activities.

3. Database Management: Using MySQL as the back-end database ensures

that all data is safely stored and easily retrieved. It is a relational database
structure that allows easy handling of data, making it possible to quickly find
books by title, author, or subject.

4. Cost Efficiency: With reduced dependence on physical paperwork and

manual processes, the LMS reduces operational costs that come with library
management. It not only saves time but also reduces manpower requirements.

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 CHAPTER 2: PROBLEM STATEMENT

The management of libraries has always been a labor-intensive and manual

process, with several challenges that affect efficiency in operation and user
satisfaction. The growth of libraries in terms of collections and user base has
made the limitations of manual systems evident. Some of the problems identified
with the current practices of library management are as follows:

1. Inefficient tracking of books

Manual record-keeping makes it difficult for libraries to keep track of the

availability of books. This may lead to:

Loss of Books: When books cannot be found, they are lost and inventory is not
accounted for.

Overdue Items: With manual tracking of due dates, it takes time before books are
returned, which can be frustrating for both the librarian and the patron.

2. Time-Consuming Processes

Manual processes of issuing and returning books are slow and cumbersome, and
this leads to:

- Long Waiting Lines: Patrons spend a lot of time waiting to borrow or return
books, which deteriorates their experience.

-Increased Staff Burden: Librarians end up spending too much time on paperwork
and not as much time with patrons nor managing the resources.

3. Low Information Access

Accessing information on library resources tends to be limited and often

inefficient:

- Searching difficulties: The patron may lack an easy way to look for specific
books or materials.

- Obsolete Information: The system is prone to differences between the actual

stock and what exists in the books.

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4. No User Involvement

The traditional library systems are not involving the users efficiently, resulting in:

- Low User Satisfaction: Time-consuming procedures might dissuade users from

accessing library services.

- Limited Involvement: Libraries have no chances of involving the users for

feedback to improve.

5. Inadequate Reporting and Analytics

Libraries need reporting and analytics tools for effective analysis of their
functions:

- Data Analysis Limitations: Without a centralized system, it becomes challenging

to analyze borrowing patterns, popular titles, and user demographics.

- Informed Decision-Making: Librarians do not have the required data to make

informed decisions about acquisitions and resource allocation.

•Objective of the Library Management System

The Library Management System (LMS) aims to address these challenges by

providing an automated solution that enhances the efficiency of library
operations, improves user experience, and enables effective management of
library resources. The system will use MySQL command line capabilities to
ensure robust data management, real-time updates, accurate tracking of
inventory, streamlined processes for users and staff, and insightful reporting
features. This system can transform the operations of libraries into a more
efficient, user-friendly environment that meets the needs of modern patrons while
optimizing resource management.

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 CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE SURVEY

The literature on LMS is rich in research and development, aiming to

increase the efficiency and effectiveness of library operations. This survey will
synthesize key findings from various studies focusing on the evolution, features,
challenges, and future directions of LMS.

•Historical Context and Evolution

1. Transition to Automation: The transition from manual library

management to automated systems began in the late 20th century, with the
emergence of Integrated Library Systems (ILS) as a solution to streamline
operations. This transition allowed libraries to manage cataloging, circulation, and
acquisitions more efficiently, marking the beginning of modern LMS development.

2. Digital Resources: With the rise of digital resources, libraries began to

use them in their collections. In this regard, the need for a sophisticated LMS that
can handle both physical and digital collections was realized. Current studies
emphasize the importance of LMS in managing diverse formats and facilitating
user access to a wide range of resources.

•Key Features and Functionalities

1. Automation and Efficiency: Modem LMS are basically designed to

automate critical functions of the library, whether it is member management,
circulation of books, or inventories. The automation therefore reduces
administrative burdens on librarians and at the same time enhances the user
experiences by providing faster access.

2. User-Centric Interfaces: An effective LMS puts emphasis on user

experience through interfaces that are intuitive and make it easy for patrons to
search for books, check availability, and manage their accounts. Online
reservations and due date reminders are becoming the norm.

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 3. Data Management Capabilities: The libraries can monitor borrowing
patterns, produce reports, and make informed decisions regarding acquisitions
and resource allocation using comprehensive data management tools. This data-
driven approach supports libraries in adapting to changing user needs.

• Challenges in Implementation

1. Integration with Existing Systems: One of the major challenges that

libraries face is the integration of the new LMS with their existing workflows or
legacy systems. This may cause disruptions in service and resistance from staff
who are accustomed to traditional methods.

2. Financial Constraints: It can be a significant problem for smaller

libraries or those having a limited budget to adopt the advanced LMS. Ensuring
that the system gives a return on investment is essential for successful adoption .

3. Technological Adaptation: With rapid technological advancements, it

is necessary to have an LMS that could update regularly to include the latest
features and functionalities for evolving user expectations. A balance between
innovation and usability has to be maintained.

•Future Directions

1. Integration of Emerging Technologies: Future LMS will most

probably utilize the technologies of artificial intelligence and machine learning for
the improvement of automation, personalization of user experience, and
optimization of resource management.

2. User Engagement: As libraries work to increase user engagement,

future systems will probably feature elements that allow patrons to interact with
library staff, as well as tools to collect user feedback.

3. Research Opportunities: Research is needed to explore innovative

solutions that address current challenges in library management while taking
advantage of current technological advancement for better delivery of service.

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  Conclusion

The literature on Library Management Systems points out their crucial role in
modernizing library operations and improving user engagement. As libraries face
the challenges of managing digital resources, LMS will remain essential tools that
facilitate effective operations while keeping pace with changing patron needs.
Future research should focus on overcoming the existing challenges and
exploring innovative solutions that leverage technological advancements for
improved library services.

 .References

- Singh Rathour, S., & Dewangan, O. (2024). *Library Management

System*. IJNRD. Retrieved from https://www.ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2405463.pdf

- Adebayo, B.R. (2019). *Library Management System with Topic

Modelling*. DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Retrieved from
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=6414&context=libphilprac

- Wankhede, M.D., Khan, A.M., Tiwari, A.B., Uikey, U.S., & Taide, P.H.
(2023). *Library Management System: A Review*. IJARIIE. Retrieved from
https://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/LIBRARY_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM___A_R
eview_ijariie20560.pdf

- Emery, K. (2019). *Techniques for Electronic Resource Management*.

Library Technology Reports. Retrieved from

https://journals.ala.org/index.php/ltr/article/view/4732/5635

- Online Library Management System - ResearchGate. Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367177605_Online_Library_Manageme
nt_System

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 CHAPTER 4: REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

The requirement analysis for the LMS is a critical phase in the development
process, aimed at gathering and defining the functional and non-functional
requirements that the system must fulfil. This analysis ensures that the final
product meets the needs of its users, including librarians and patrons.

•Functional Requirements

1. User Management

The system shall allow librarians to create, update, and delete user accounts.

- Patrons should be allowed to sign up for the membership of the library and view
and edit their profiles.

2. Book Inventory Management

- The librarian must have the ability to add, update, and remove books from the
inventory.

- The system should contain an exhaustive catalog of all library items, including
books, journals, and digital resources.

3. Search Functionality

- Customers will have the functionality of search with title, author, subject or ISBN

- Filters based on availability and publication date need to be incorporated.

4. Circulation management.

The LMS needs to support borrowing and return process as well as auto
capturing details of a transaction.

- Users are allowed to return borrowed copies online if no holds exist with regard
to that copy.

5. Reservation System

- Patrons should have the option of reserving books that happen to be checked
out

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 - Users should receive notifications as soon as a reserved book becomes
available for borrowing.

6. Reporting Features

- The system should produce reports on overdue books, total checkouts per
month, and popular titles.

- Librarians should have access to statistics about user activity and inventory
status.

7. Access Control

- The LMS should implement authentication procedures to ensure only

authorized users can access sensitive functionalities.

• Separate user profiles like librarian, member and all should be assigned the
access rights according to the task assigned.

Non-Functional Requirements

1. Usability

-The user interface has to intuitive and friendly, easy navigation for a librarian and
an end user

Online assistance and Tutorials should also available for newbie.

2. Performance

-The system should tolerate multiple online users at any given time and should
never delay beyond certain limits as far as the response times are considered.

- Search queries should return within a reasonable time (say, less than 2
seconds).

3. Reliability

- The LMS should have high availability with little downtime.

- Data should be backed up periodically to avoid losing information.

4. Scalability

- The system should be designed to accommodate future growth in terms of

user base and inventory size.

- It should support additional modules or features as library needs evolve.

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5. Security

- All the user information and transaction records have to be encrypted.

- The system should protect against unauthorized access through robust

authentication mechanisms.

• Conclusion

The requirement analysis for the Library Management System outlines basic
functionalities that will meet the needs of both library staff and patrons, while
addressing performance, usability, and security issues. Clearly defining these
requirements allows the development team to ensure that the LMS will streamline
library operations effectively, enhance user experience, and adapt to future
demands.

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 CHAPTER 5: SELECTION OF DATABASE AND IT’S
STRUCTURE

For the LMS project, the choice of database is crucial for the efficient
management and organization of library resources. The following key points
summarize the selection of MySQL as the database for this project, based on the
search results:

•Database Selection: MySQL

1. Open-Source and Cost-Effective:

- MySQL is an open-source relational database management system, and

therefore, it is cheaper for libraries that may not have a budget. This means that
libraries can use a robust database solution without having to pay licensing fees,
as is the case in several projects using MySQL for library management.

2. Comprehensive Data Management:

- MySQL supports CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations

efficiently, which are essential for managing library operations such as adding
new books, updating member information, and tracking book loans. This
functionality is emphasized in various implementations of LMS that rely on
MySQL for data storage and retrieval .

3. Scalability:

- The scalable nature of MySQL allows the libraries to expand their

databases as their collections grow and user demands increase. It has features
such as replication and partitioning that can help libraries maintain performance
despite larger datasets.

4. Strong Community Support:

- MySQL has a vast user community and developers who constantly add
new improvements and documentation about it. This community base is of great
use during debugging and enhancing the LMS.

5. It Supports Many Programming Languages

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 It works with many different programming languages like Python, PHP,
and Java, and in such flexibility lies its strengths as it will give a developer the
chance to make an appropriate language choice while utilizing the functionality of
MySQL.

6. Strong security features

- Security is always a major concern for any database that deals with
sensitive information, such as user data and transaction records. MySQL
has strong security features, including user authentication and data
encryption, to protect against unauthorized access.

 Database Structure
1. Database Creation
First, create the database that will hold all the tables:

2. Table Definitions

A. Books Table

This table stores information about the books available in the library.

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  Fields:

 book_id: Unique identifier for each book (Primary Key).

 title: Title of the book.

 author: Author of the book.

 publication: Publisher of the book.

 edition: Edition of the book.

 no_of_copies: Total copies available in the library.

 price: Price of the book.

 status: Availability status (e.g., Available, Checked Out).

B. Members Table

This table holds details about library members.

 Fields:

 member_id: Unique identifier for each member (Primary

Key).

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  name: Name of the member.

 email: Email address of the member (Unique).

 phone: Contact number of the member.

 registration_date: Date when the member registered.

 membership_status: Current status of membership (e.g.,

Active, Inactive).

C. Transactions Table

This table tracks book lending and returns.

 Fields:

 transaction_id: Unique identifier for each transaction

(Primary Key).

 member_id: Foreign key linking to the members table.

 book_id: Foreign key linking to the books table.

 issue_date: Date when the book was issued.

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  return_date: Date when the book was returned.

D. Suppliers Table

This table contains information about suppliers who provide books to

the library.

 Fields:

 supplier_id: Unique identifier for each supplier (Primary

Key).

 supplier_name: Name of the supplier.

 contact_info: Contact details for the supplier.

 email: Email address of the supplier.

E. Fines Table

This table tracks any fines associated with late returns.

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  Fields:

 fine_id: Unique identifier for each fine (Primary Key).

 transaction_id: Foreign key linking to the transactions

table.

 amount: Amount of fine incurred.

 date_issued: Date when the fine was issued.

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 CHAPTER 6: METHODS AND TECHNIQUES USED

These methods organize, secure, and easily access data related to books,
members, transactions, and other library resources.

1. Data Modeling

Data modeling is important for the design of the database structure in the
LMS. It includes:

- Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERDs): Draw ER diagrams to represent

entities like `Books`, `Members`, `Transactions`, and their respective
relationships. For example, one `Member` can borrow several `Books`, whereas
multiple `Transactions` can be recorded for one `Book`.

- Normalization: Remove data redundancy by applying normalization

techniques. For example, separating member information into a `Members` table
and transaction details into a `Transactions` table ensures the integrity of data.

2. Defining the Schema of the Database

Organization of data requires a schema, so defining the database would

include creating tables for creating all the entities in LMS with the use of data
definition language commands.

```

CREATE TABLE books (

book_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,

author VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,

publication VARCHAR(100),

edition VARCHAR(50),

no_of_copies INT NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (book_id)

);
MITSOC, Information Technology, 2024-25 19
- Defining Relationships: Establishing foreign key constraints to maintain
referential integrity between tables, such as linking `Transactions` to both
`Members` and `Books`.

3. Data Manipulation

Using Data Manipulation Language (DML) commands to manage data within the
LMS:

- Inserting Records: Adding new books or members using the `INSERT`

command.

```

INSERT INTO books (title, author, publication, edition,

no_of_copies) VALUES ('1984', 'George Orwell', 'Secker & Warburg', '1st',
5);

```

- Updating Records: Modifying existing records when necessary using the

`UPDATE` command.

```

UPDATE members SET email = '[email protected]' WHERE

member_id = 1;

```

- Retrieving Data: Using the `SELECT` command to query data for reports or
user requests.

```

SELECT * FROM transactions WHERE member_id = 1;

```

4. Transaction Management

Implementing robust transaction management ensures that all transactions are

either fully successful or not at all:

- ACID Properties: Transactions should follow the properties of Atomicity,

Consistency, Isolation, and Durability for keeping data integrity during operations
such as book checkouts and returns.
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5. Concurrency Control

It is very essential in an LMS because it ensures that different users are

accessing the database at different times:

- Locking Mechanisms: Ensures that when one updates or deletes, a row or

table-level lock can be created to prevent multiple users from modifying the same
record.

6. Security Management

Data security in an LMS is crucial because of the sensitive information held:

- User Authentication: Implementing authentication mechanisms to ensure the

user's identity is verified before accessing sensitive data.

- Access Control: Specification of roles and permissions among various users,

such as librarians and patrons to limit access based on requirement.

7. Backup and Recovery

It is one of the most important activities that should be performed so that library
data is properly protected. These are:

- Regular Backups: Schedule full and incremental backups of the database for
protection against data loss through hardware failure or other catastrophes.

- Point-in-Time Recovery: Using transaction logs to recover the database to a

particular point in time if required.

8. Performance Optimization

Optimizing database performance ensures efficient working of the LMS:

- Indexing: Creating indexes on frequently accessed fields, for example, book

titles or member IDs, to make search operations faster.

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- Query Optimization: Analyzing query execution plans and fine-tuning queries
for better performance.

CHAPTER 7: RESULTS

Dashboard / Home Page:-

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 Search Books Page :-

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 Reservations Page :-

Account Page :-

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 Return Books Page :-

Status and Notifications :-

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 Check Out Book Page :-

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 Login Page :-
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 CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

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•Conclusion

The Library Management System (LMS) has successfully addressed many of the
challenges that traditional library management practices face. The automated key
processes, such as tracking books, user registration, and transaction
management, make the LMS significantly efficient in terms of operational output
and user experience. Main achievements include:

- Real-time tracking of book availability: The system reduces error-prone

manual processes for book management.

Streamlines User Registration: Automated membership registration

streamlines the addition of new members and creates accurate records.

Efficient Transaction Handling: Automated checkout and return services

reduce labor for library staff while also keeping the user experience seamless

Enhanced Reporting: An LMS can provide vital information on borrowing

patterns, popular titles, and even demographics of users, facilitating informed
decisions.

Overall, the LMS has transformed library operations into a more organized and
user-friendly environment, fostering greater engagement among patrons.

• Future Work

While the current implementation of the LMS has laid a solid foundation, several
areas for future enhancement can be explored:

1. Mobile Application Development: Creating a mobile app version of the LMS

would allow users to access library services on-the-go, enhancing convenience
and engagement.

2. Integration of Advanced Features:- Recommendation System: A book

recommendation engine based on the history of borrowing by the user can make
the reading experience personalized.

- Social Features: Adding functionalities to allow users to share reviews or

reading lists on social media platforms can increase community interaction.

3. Improved Data Analytics and Reporting Capabilities: Enhancing reporting

abilities may be one of the avenues for developing predictive analytics for
forecasting book circulation trends and preferences by users.

4. Improved Security Features: It will be very important that the system keeps
on updating security protocols to protect sensitive user data and comply with data

MITSOC, Information Technology, 2024-25 29

protection regulations.

5. Mechanism for user feedback: Having a mechanism for giving users the
chance to report problems or suggest improvement will foster an environment of
continuous enhancement in the LMS, guided by user needs.

6. Digital Libraries Integration: With growing importance of digital content, it

can be integrated with the LMS to digital libraries or e-book platforms to expand
resource access and cater to diverse reading preferences.

CHAPTER 9: BIBLIOGRAPHY

Journal Articles
1. Madhusudhan, Margam, and Vikas Singh. "Integrated Library Management Systems."
*Electronic Library* 34, no. 2 (April 4, 2016): 223–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-08-
2014-0127
MITSOC, Information Technology, 2024-25 30
2. Murray, I. R. "Library Management Systems: An Overview." *VINE* 27, no. 4 (April
1997): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb040648

3. Akeroyd, John, and Andrew Cox. "Integrated Library Management Systems:

Overview." *VINE* 29, no. 2 (February 1999): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb040713
).

4. Suganthy. "RFID Library Management System." *International Journal of Research -

GRANTHAALAYAH* 4, no. 5SE (May 31, 2016): 87–91.
http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i5se.2016.2729

5. Tripathi, Ashutosh. "Online Library Management System." *IOSR Journal of

Engineering* 02, no. 02 (February 2012): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-
0202180186

 Books
1. Cree, John Scott. *Library Systems Migration: Technical and Management
Considerations*. London: London Information Technology Centre, South Bank
University, 1998.

2. Leeves, Juliet. *A Guide to Inter-Library Loan Management Systems*. Sheffield:

Library and Information Cooperation Council, 1991.

3. British Library. *The British Library Information Systems Strategy*. London: British
Library, 1995.

 Theses
1. Mfengu, Andiswa Yolanda. "Analysis of the Approaches of Senior Management
Teams Towards Adoption of Next Generation Library Management Systems: Case Study
of Cape Library Consortium Institutions." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town,
2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13734 .

MITSOC, Information Technology, 2024-25 31

2. So, Maria Yuen-Ling. "A Database System for the Management of Numerical
Experiments." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987.
http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5098 .

 Conference Papers
1. Hinderer, Sebastian, Dominique Burger, and Bruno Marmol. "Towards a Ready-to-
Use, DAISY-Aware Library Management System." Saechsische Landesbibliothek -
Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011.

2. Calhoun, Karen. "Redesign of Library Workflows: Experimental Models for Electronic

Resource Description." The Library of Congress, 2000.

 Online Resources
1. Breeding, Marshall. “APIs Unify Library Services.” *Computers in Libraries* 34, no. 3
(April 2014): 22–24.

2. Fu, Ping and Moira Fitzgerald. “A Comparative Analysis on the Effect of the Chosen
ILSes on Systems and Technical Services Staffing Models.” *Information Technology
and Libraries* 32, no. 3 (2013): 47–58.

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