Introduction to

Transportation
Engineering
Overview of Transportation
Systems

Planning:

● Transportation Planning
● Traffic Demand Forecasting
Overview of Transportation
Systems

Design:

● Highway and Roadway Design

● Railway Engineering
● Airport and Airfield Design
● Port and Harbor Engineering
Overview of Transportation
Systems

Operations and Management:

● Traffic Engineering
● Transportation Systems Management
● Public Transportation
Historical Development of
Transportation

● Early Transportation (Prehistoric to Ancient Times)

● Classical and Medieval Periods
● The Age of Exploration (15th to 17th Centuries)
● The Industrial Revolution (18th to 19th Centuries)
● The Modern Era (20th Century to Present)
● Contemporary and Future Trends
Role of Transportation in Society
and Economy

● Social Impact of Transportation

● Economic Impact of Transportation
● Environmental Considerations
Modes of
Transportation
Modes of Transportation

● Road Transportation
● Rail Transportation
● Air Transportation
● Water Transportation
● Pipeline Transportation
Transportation
Planning
Principles of Transportation
Planning

● Multimodal Approach
● Accessibility and Mobility
● Sustainability and Environmental Responsibility
● Safety and Security
● Efficiency and Economic Viability
● Community Engagement and Stakeholder Collaboration
● Long-Term Vision and Adaptability
Travel Demand Forecasting

● Data Collection and Analysis

● Model Development and Calibration
● Scenario Planning
● Forecasting Techniques
● Policy and Planning Implications
● Technological Advances
● Data Collection and Analysis

❖ Current Travel Patterns

❖ Demographic and Economic Factors
● Model Development and Calibration

❖ Transportation Models
❖ Calibration and Validation
● Scenario Planning

❖ Future Scenarios
❖ Impact Assessment
● Forecasting Techniques

❖ Trip Generation
❖ Trip Distribution
❖ Mode Choice
❖ Traffic Assignment
● Policy and Planning Implications

❖ Infrastructure Investment
❖ Transportation Policies
❖ Environmental and Social Impacts
● Technological Advances

❖ Integration of Technology
❖ Transportation Policies
❖ Big Data
Policy and regulatory framework in
the Philippines

● Legal and Institutional Framework

● Government Agencies and Bodies
● Policies and Programs
● Planning and Implementation Tools
● Environmental and Safety Regulations
Activity: Create a scenario from problem
identification to the execution of successful
transportation planning in a certain community.

No Introduction

Scene 1: Expose the problem

Scene 2: Transportation Planning

Scene 3: Result of a successful transportation planning

Scene 4: Narrator must present the following

➔ Problem of the community

➔ Key Features of the Traffic Planning
➔ Success Factors

* Presentation must be 10 minutes.

Rating of the Activity

Scenario Presented/ Creativity: 20%

Message Clarity: 30%
Scenario Integration: 20%
Successful Implementation Representation: 30%
Highway
Engineering
and Design
Traffic Engineering

● Time Mean Speed

● Space Mean speed
● Traffic Density
● Traffic Flow
● Space Headway or Spacing
● Time Headway
● Capacity of a single lane
Traffic Engineering

● Traffic Density
● Severity Ratio
● Jam Density
● Design Highway Volume
● Volume of Traffic
● Peak-Hour Factor
Sample Problem:

Bogard was tasked with analyzing the traffic conditions on a 5-mile stretch of
Unahan Street during peak hours. He collected data on the travel times and speeds
of vehicles over this distance. Five vehicles were observed, with speeds recorded as
45 mph, 50 mph, 55 mph, 60 mph, and 65 mph along the street. The same five
vehicles took 6.7 minutes, 6 minutes, 5.5 minutes, 5 minutes, and 4.6 minutes to travel
the 5-mile stretch. Six hundred vehicles were observed passing a point on the
highway during the one-hour observation period.

1. Calculate the Time Mean Speed (TMS) for the observed vehicles.
2. Calculate the Space Mean Speed (SMS) for the observed vehicles using the
travel times provided.
3. Calculate the traffic density (vehicles per mile) on the highway stretch based on
the given traffic volume and the 5-mile distance.
Sample Problem:

Bogard was tasked with analyzing the traffic conditions on a 5-mile stretch of
Unahan Street during peak hours. He collected data on the travel times and speeds
of vehicles over this distance. Five vehicles were observed, with speeds recorded as
45 mph, 50 mph, 55 mph, 60 mph, and 65 mph along the street. The same five
vehicles took 6.7 minutes, 6 minutes, 5.5 minutes, 5 minutes, and 4.6 minutes to travel
the 5-mile stretch. Six hundred vehicles were observed passing a point on the
highway during the one-hour observation period.

1. Calculate the Time Mean Speed (TMS) for the observed vehicles. 55 mph
2. Calculate the Space Mean Speed (SMS) for the observed vehicles using the
travel times provided. 53.95 mph
3. Calculate the traffic density (vehicles per mile) on the highway stretch based on
the given traffic volume and the 5-mile distance. 120 vehicles per mile
Sample Problem:

Bogard the surveyor, is analyzing traffic flow on Kuan Street during the evening rush
hour. He observes the movement of vehicles and records key data to assess traffic
conditions.

Data Collected:

Total Vehicles in 10 Minutes: 15 vehicles pass a specific point on Kuan Street.

Average Spacing: The average spacing between these vehicles is 120 feet.
Time Headway: The average time headway is recorded as 4 seconds.

1. Calculate the traffic flow (vehicles per hour) based on the number of vehicles
observed in the 10-minute interval.
2. Calculate the total distance covered by the vehicles during the 10-minute period
based on the average spacing between them.
3. If the average time headway is 4 seconds, how many vehicles would
theoretically be able to pass a single point on Kuan Street in one hour if the
traffic conditions remain constant?
Sample Problem:

Forty (40) vehicles pass a given point in 1 minute and traverse a length of 1 km

1. Evaluate the flow, in vehicles per hour. 2400 vehicles per hr

2. Evaluate the density, in vehicles per kilometer. 40 vehicles per km.
3. Evaluate the time headway, in seconds. 1.5 sec
Sample Problem:

Bogard the surveyor, is analyzing traffic flow on Kuan Street during the evening rush
hour. He observes the movement of vehicles and records key data to assess traffic
conditions.

Data Collected:

Total Vehicles in 10 Minutes: 15 vehicles pass a specific point on Kuan Street.

Average Spacing: The average spacing between these vehicles is 120 feet.
Time Headway: The average time headway is recorded as 4 seconds.

1. Calculate the traffic flow (vehicles per hour) based on the number of vehicles
observed in the 10-minute interval. 90 vehicles per hour
2. Calculate the total distance covered by the vehicles during the 10-minute period
based on the average spacing between them. 1680 feet
3. If the average time headway is 4 seconds, how many vehicles would
theoretically be able to pass a single point on Kuan Street in one hour if the
traffic conditions remain constant? 900 vehicles per hour (assuming constant
conditions)
Sample Problem:
Bogard, a surveyor, is investigating an accident that occurred on a single-lane road
between Syra and Raul, where the lane's capacity was exceeded. To analyze the
contributing factors, he collects relevant data, including the average velocity of
vehicles, recorded at 35 feet per second, and the average spacing between vehicles,
noted as 120 feet. During peak hours, the observed traffic volume is 45 vehicles per
minute. Tragically, the accident resulted in 2 fatalities and 5 reported injuries,
prompting further examination of the conditions leading to the incident.

1. Using the average velocity and spacing, calculate the capacity of the single
lane in vehicles per hour.
2. Determine the traffic intensity as a percentage of the lane's capacity based on
the observed traffic volume.
3. Compute the severity ratio based on the number of fatalities and injuries.
Discuss what this ratio indicates about the severity of the accident in the
context of the lane's conditions.
Sample Problem:
Bogard, a surveyor, is investigating an accident that occurred on a single-lane road
between Syra and Raul, where the lane's capacity was exceeded. To analyze the
contributing factors, he collects relevant data, including the average velocity of
vehicles, recorded at 35 feet per second, and the average spacing between vehicles,
noted as 120 feet. During peak hours, the observed traffic volume is 45 vehicles per
minute. Tragically, the accident resulted in 2 fatalities and 5 reported injuries,
prompting further examination of the conditions leading to the incident.

1. Using the average velocity and spacing, calculate the capacity of the single
lane in vehicles per hour. 1050 vehicles per hour
2. Determine the traffic intensity as a percentage of the lane's capacity based on
the observed traffic volume. 257.14%
3. Compute the severity ratio based on the number of fatalities and injuries.
Discuss what this ratio indicates about the severity of the accident in the
context of the lane's conditions. 0.0026