RC-II EXAMPLE JU,JIT,2019/2020

Example-1: Flat Slab Design

a) Design flat slab for the given floor system on the next slide. A panel dimension is 6m by 5m
and story height of 4m. L.L=3KN/m^2,C-30 and S-300.take column size 400*400.
b)If the floor is used as sport hall with L.L=5KN/m^3.Use 3KN/m^3 from partition and floor
finish.

Solution
 C-30(25/30)
 S-300
 L.L=3kN/m2
 Col. dimension=400mm*400mm
 The exposure class XC1

Step-1: Design constants

0.85𝑓𝑐𝑘 0.85∗25
 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = = = 14.167
𝛾𝑐 1.5
𝑓𝑦𝑘 300
 𝑓𝑦𝑑 = = 1.15 = 260.87
𝛾𝑐
𝑓𝑦𝑑 260 .87
 𝑚= = = 23.02
0.8𝑓𝑐𝑑 0.8∗14.167

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2.5 2.5
 𝐶1 = = = 0.1086
𝑚 23.02
 𝐶2 = 0.32𝑚2 𝑓𝑐𝑑 = 0.32 ∗ (23.02)2 ∗ (14.167) = 2402.36
0.6∗𝜀 𝑐𝑢 𝑓 𝑓𝑦𝑑 260 .87
 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ∗ (𝑓𝑐𝑑 ) 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝜀𝑦𝑑 = = 200000 = 0.0013
𝜀 𝑐𝑢+𝜀 𝑦𝑑 𝑦𝑑 𝐸𝑠
0.6∗0.0035 14.167
 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ∗ (260.87 ) = 0.02374
0.0035 +0.0013
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 2.56
 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.26 ∗ = 0.26 ∗ ( 300 ) = 0.0022 > 0.00133 𝑜𝑘!
𝑓𝑦𝑘

Where fctm =0.3(fck )(2/3) =0.3(25)(2/3)=2.56Mpa.

Step-2: Depth for deflection
i) Concrete cover
𝑪𝒏𝒐𝒎 = 𝑪𝒎𝒊𝒏 + ∆𝑪𝒅𝒆𝒗

𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥{𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛,𝑏 ; 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛,𝑑𝑢𝑟 + ∆𝐶𝑑𝑢𝑟,𝛾 − ∆𝐶𝑑𝑢𝑟,𝑠𝑡 − ∆𝐶𝑑𝑢𝑟,𝑎𝑑𝑑 ; 10𝑚𝑚}

 Assume ∅10 for longitudinal reinforcement

 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛,𝑏 = 10𝑚𝑚
 The structural class is S4.
 Adjustment of structural class
 The structural class is reduced by 1 due to its geometry
(Adjust structural class =S4-1=S3)
 Now choose 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛,𝑑𝑢𝑟 from table 4.4N
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛,𝑑𝑢𝑟 = 10𝑚𝑚
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥 {10𝑚𝑚; 10𝑚𝑚; 10𝑚𝑚}
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 10𝑚𝑚
𝐶𝑛𝑜𝑚 = 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 + ∆𝐶𝑑𝑒𝑣 = 10𝑚𝑚 + 10𝑚𝑚 = 20𝑚𝑚
Assume D=230mm
10 10
𝑑𝑦 = 230 − (20 + ) = 205𝑚𝑚, 𝑑𝑥 = 230 − (20 + 10 + ) = 195𝑚𝑚
2 2
𝑑𝑦 + 𝑑𝑥 205 + 195
𝑑𝑎𝑣𝑔 = = = 200𝑚𝑚2
2 2
Step-3:Design load
 L.L=3kN/m2
 𝑆𝑤 = 0.23(24𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 ) = 5.52𝑘𝑁/𝑚2
 𝑃𝑑 = 1.35𝐷. 𝐿 + 1.5𝐿. 𝐿 = 1.35(5.52) + 1.5 ∗ (3) = 11.952𝑘𝑁/𝑚2

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Step-4:Check depth for punching
i) Let us first check the stress at column periphery (face)
 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.5𝜈𝑓𝑐𝑑 = 0.5 ∗ (0.54) ∗ (14.167) = 3.8251𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑓𝑐𝑘 25
Where 𝜈 = 0.6 ∗ [1 − ] = 0.6 ∗ [1 − ] = 0.54
250 250

Col 4A

𝑉𝐸𝑑 = 11.952[2.7𝑚 ∗ 3.2𝑚 − (0.4𝑚)2 ] = 101.35𝑘𝑁

𝛽𝑉𝐸𝑑 1.5 ∗ (101.35 ∗ 103 𝑁)
𝜈𝐸𝑑 = = = 0.95𝑀𝑝𝑎 < 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3.825𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑜𝑘!
𝑈𝑑 2 ∗ 400 ∗ 200
Col 3B

𝑉𝐸𝑑 = 11.952[5𝑚 ∗ 6𝑚 − (0.4𝑚)2 ] = 356.65𝑘𝑁

𝛽𝑉𝐸𝑑 1.15 ∗ (356.65 ∗ 103 𝑁)
𝜈𝐸𝑑 = = = 1.282𝑀𝑝𝑎 < 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3.825𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑜𝑘!
𝑈𝑑 4 ∗ 400 ∗ 200
Check also for the edge column
ii) Check punching at critical section
1 3 1
2
𝜈𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 ∗ 𝑘 ∗ (100𝜌1 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑘)3 > 𝜈𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.035𝑘 2 𝑓𝑐𝑘

0.18 0.18 200

 𝐶𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = = = 0.12 , 𝑘 = 1 + √ ≤2→𝑘=2
𝛾𝑐 1.5 𝑑
 𝜌1 = 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 =0.0022
1
𝜈𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 0.12 ∗ 2 ∗ (100 ∗ 0.0022 ∗ 25)3 = 0.42𝑀𝑝𝑎
3 1
𝜈𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.035 ∗ 22 ∗ 252 = 0.495𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝜈𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.495𝑀𝑝𝑎 > 𝜈𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 0.42𝑀𝑝𝑎, 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝜈𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 0.495𝑀𝑝𝑎

Col.3B
𝛽𝑉𝐸𝑑
𝜈𝐸𝑑 =
𝑈𝑜 𝑑

𝑉𝐸𝑑 = 11.952[5𝑚 ∗ 6𝑚 − 1.2𝑚 ∗ 0.4𝑚 − 2(0.42 ) − 𝜋 (0.4)2 ] = 28.697 ∗ 11.952

= 342.991𝑘𝑁
𝑈𝑜 = 4(400) + 2 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ 400 = 4113.274𝑚𝑚

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𝛽𝑉𝐸𝑑 1.15 ∗ (342.991 ∗ 103 𝑁)

𝜈𝐸𝑑 = = = 0.48𝑀𝑝𝑎 < 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.495𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑜𝑘!
𝑈𝑜 𝑑 (4113.274 ∗ 200)
Col.4A
𝛽𝑉𝐸𝑑
𝜈𝐸𝑑 =
𝑈𝑜 𝑑

𝜋 (0.4)2
𝑉𝐸𝑑 = 11.952 [2.7𝑚 ∗ 3.2𝑚 − 0.8𝑚 ∗ 0.4𝑚 − (0.42 ) − ]
4
= 96.03𝑘𝑁
400
𝑈𝑜 = 2(400) + 2 ∗ 𝜋 ∗ = 1428.32𝑚𝑚
4

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𝛽𝑉𝐸𝑑 1.5 ∗ (96.03 ∗ 103 𝑁)
𝜈𝐸𝑑 = = = 0.50425𝑀𝑝𝑎 > 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.495𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑜𝑘!
𝑈𝑜 𝑑 (4113.274 ∗ 200)
 Since the stress is nearest to the shear capacity,the capacity which is greater than the
stress could be achieved by providing greater reinforcemeent ratio than the assumed
value.
 Let us use shear reinforcement.
𝑑 1
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐𝑠 = 0.75 ∗ 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐𝑠 + 1.5 ( ) 𝐴𝑠𝑤 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑,𝑒𝑓𝑓 ∗ ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
𝑠𝑟 𝑈𝑑
But 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑,𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 250 + 0.25𝑑 ≤ 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑 (𝑀𝑝𝑎)

𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑,𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 250 + 0.25 ∗ (200) > 260.87

= 300𝑀𝑝𝑎 > 260.87𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑,𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 260.87𝑀𝑝𝑎

And also 𝑠𝑟 ≤ 0.75𝑑 = 0.75 ∗ (200) = 150𝑚𝑚

 Punching resistance with shear reinforcement should be greater than design shear.
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐𝑠 ≥ 𝑉𝐸𝑑
𝑑 1
𝑉𝐸𝑑 ≤ 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐𝑠 = 0.75 ∗ 𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 + 1.5 ( ) 𝐴𝑠𝑤 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑,𝑒𝑓𝑓 ∗ ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
𝑠𝑟 𝑈𝑑
After rearrangements

(𝑉𝐸𝑑 − 0.75𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 )(𝑠𝑟 )𝑈𝑙

𝐴𝑠𝑤 ≥
1.5 ∗ 𝑓𝑦𝑤𝑑,𝑒𝑓𝑓
(0.50425 − 0.75 ∗ 0.495) ∗ 150 ∗ 1428.3
≥ = 72.82𝑚𝑚2
1.5 ∗ 260.87
1.5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 0.08√𝑓𝑐𝑘 ) 0.08√25
𝐴𝑠𝑤,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ≥( )=
𝑆𝑟𝑆𝑡 𝑓𝑦𝑘 300

𝐴𝑠𝑤,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 53.33𝑚𝑚2

Since 𝐴𝑠𝑤 = 72.82𝑚𝑚2 > 𝐴𝑠𝑤 ,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 53.33𝑚𝑚2

𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝐴𝑠𝑤 = 72.82𝑚𝑚2

 Length of outer perimeter
𝛽𝑉𝐸𝑑 1.5 ∗ 96.03 ∗ 103 𝑁
𝑈𝑜𝑢𝑡 = = = 1455𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 𝑑 0.495 ∗ 200
Uout the perimeter which gives us shear stress equal to shear capacity of concrete.It is almost the
same with actual reinforcement.

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2𝜋𝑏
1455𝑚𝑚 = 2(400) +
4
2𝜋𝑏
= 1455 − 800 = 655𝑚𝑚
4
4 ∗ 655
𝑏= = 416.99𝑚𝑚
2𝜋
𝑏 416.99
= = 2.085
𝑑 200
𝑏 = 2.085𝑑
But outer periphery of shear reinforcement is at kd(1.5d) from outer perimeter (Uout ).Shear
reinforcement will be provided between column face and 2.085d-1.5d=0.585d.

Step-5:Moment and Shear calculation

 Strip division
Longer direction
 Col.strip=Lx/4=5m/4=1.25
 Middle strip=Lx-Lx/2=5m-5m/2=2.5m
Shorter direction
 Col.strip=Lx/4=5m/4=2.5m
 Middle strip=Ly-Lx/4=3.5m

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Since all criteria which is required to use direct design method is satisfied,we can use it.
𝐹 = 𝑃𝑑 ∗ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 11.952 ∗ 5 ∗ 6 = 358.56𝑘𝑁
Effective column dimension

2
𝜋ℎ2𝑐
400 =
4

4(400)2
ℎ𝑐 = √ = 451.352𝑚𝑚
𝜋

2 2
𝑙 𝑛𝑥 = 𝑙 𝑥 − ℎ𝑐 = 5𝑚 − (0.451352) = 4.6991𝑚
3 3
2 2
𝑙 𝑛𝑦 = 𝑙 𝑦 − ℎ𝑐 = 6𝑚 − (0.451352) = 5.6991𝑚
3 3
𝑀 = 𝛼𝐹𝐿

Along longer direction (𝑙 𝑛𝑦 = 5.6991𝑚)

𝑀 = 𝛼𝐹𝐿
𝑀 = 𝛼 ∗ 358.56𝑘𝑁 ∗ 5.6991𝑚 = 𝛼 ∗ 2043.47

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MA=MF=-0.04FL=-0.04*(2043.47)=-81.74kN-m
MB=ME=-0.063FL=-0.063*(2043.47)=-128.74kN-m
MC=MD=-0.055FL=-0.055*(2043.47)=-112.391kN-m
MA-B=ME-F=0.083FL=0.083*(2043.47)=169.61kN-m
MB-C=MC-D= MD-E =0.071FL=0.071*(2043.47)=145.09kN-m

Along shorter direction (𝑙 𝑛𝑥 = 4.6991𝑚)

𝑀 = 𝛼𝐹𝐿
𝑀 = 𝛼 ∗ 358.56𝑘𝑁 ∗ 4.6991𝑚 = 𝛼 ∗ 1684.91𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
M1 =M4 =-0.04FL=-0.04*(1684.91)=-67.3964kN-m
M2 =M3 =-0.063FL=-0.063*(1684.91)=-106.15kN-m
M1-2 =M3-4 =0.083FL=0.083*(1684.91)=139.85kN-m
M2-3 =0.071FL=0.071*(1684.91)=119.63kN-m

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Direction Moment Column strip Middle strip

Support (-ve) 75% 25%
MA,MF 0.75(-81.74=-61.3 0.25(-81.74)=-20.44
MB,ME -96.56 -32.185
Longer

MC,MD -84.29 -28.1

Span (+ve) 55% 45%
MA-B,ME-F 0.55(169.61)=93.28 0.45(169.61)=76.32
MB-C,MC-D,MD-
E 79.8 65.29
Support (-ve) 75% 25%
M1 ,M4 -50.55 -16.85
Shorter

M2 ,M3 -79.613 -26.54

Span (+ve) 55% 45%
M1-2 ,M3-4 76.92 62.933
M2-3 65.8 53.834

Let us put for the interior panel between B&C and between 2&3

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Put also for the other panels in the same way with the above panel.
Step-6: Check depth for flexure and one-way shear

Step-7: Reinforcement
𝑎𝑠 𝑏
1
 𝜌 = 2 [𝐶1 − √𝐶12 − 𝐶
4𝑀
]  𝑆= , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 ∅10 𝑎𝑠 =
𝐴𝑠
2 𝑏𝑑2
78.54𝑚𝑚2
 𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑 , 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑑 ,
 𝐶1 = 0.1086
where𝜌𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0022
 𝐶2 = 2402.36
2𝐷 = 2(230) = 460
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = { , Choose 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 250𝑚𝑚
250

Length(mm) Moment b(mm) d(mm) ρ ρmin As(mm2 ) Scal(mm) Sprov (mm)

2640 -96.56 2500 205 0.00365 0.0022 1868.3 105.1 Use φ10 c/c 100
3760

2864 -32.185 2500 205 0.0012 0.0022 1127.5 174.15 Use φ10 c/c 170

5925 79.8 2500 205 0.0029 0.0022 1534.49 127.96 Use φ10 c/c 120
5375
5925 65.29 2500 205 0.00244 0.0022 1248.89 157.22 Use φ10 c/c 150
5250
2640 -84.29 2500 205 0.00317 0.0022 1623.5 120.94 Use φ10 c/c 120
3760

2864 -28.1 2500 205 0.00104 0.0022 1127.5 174.15 Use φ10 c/c 170

2240 -79.613 2500 195 0.00331 0.0022 1614.25 121.635 Use φ10 c/c 120
3160

2424 -26.54 3500 195 0.00077 0.0022 1501.5 183.1 Use φ10 c/c 180

4925 65.8 2500 195 0.00272 0.0022 1326.75 147.993 Use φ10 c/c 140
4375
4925 53.834 3500 195 0.00157 0.0022 1501.5 183.1 Use φ10 c/c 180
4250

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Where 𝑏 = 0.2𝑙 𝑛,𝑑 = 0.3𝑙 𝑛 ,𝑒 = 0.33𝑙 𝑛,𝑐 = 0.22𝑙 𝑛

Sketch detailing for the selected interior panel.
Exercise: second part of this example (1b).

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