Disaster Readiness and Risk

Reduction is the practice of reducing

disaster risk by:

• Systematically studying the causes of

disasters;
• Reducing exposure to hazards;
• Lessening the vulnerability of people
and property; and
• Improving the preparedness of people
and communities to face hazards.

DRRR aims to strengthen the resilience

of persons, communities and
societies.
“What am I?”
1) I can luminously fill an entire room without
taking up any space at all.
What am I?
a. Gas b. Light c. Scent

ANSWER: LIGHT
2) I am always hungry and will die if not fed, but
whatever I touch will soon turn red. What am I?
a. Beast b. Fire c. Dead hungry

ANSWER: FIRE
3) When the water comes down, when it rains, I go
up. What am I?
a. Temperature b. Water Level c. Umbrella

ANSWER: UMBRELLA
4) I can kill you if I surround you; I’m always in you
and sometimes on you.
a. Water b. Carbon dioxide c. Air
ANSWER: WATER
 5) What can one catch that is not thrown?
a. Bubble b. Cold c. Scent

ANSWER: COLD
6) I have many mountains, I have zero trees
I have plenty of water, I have zero fish.
What am I?
a. Venus b. Map c. Di ko rin alam
ANSWER: MAP
 Explain what a Highlight the Promote Action and
disaster is and its Importance of Resilience
classifications Preparedness
 The Search is Over!
Search and encircle among the jumble of letters the key terms in the definition
of disaster according to the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center. You should
find nine (9) key terms.
PHILIPPINES: A
COUNTRY PRONE TO
NATURAL DISASTERS

The Philippines has experienced from an

inexhaustible number of deadly
earthquakes, volcano eruptions, and other
natural disasters. This is due to its location
along the Ring of Fire, a large Pacific
Ocean region where many volcanic
eruptions and earthquakes occur.
WHAT IS A DISASTER?

Disaster is "a sudden,

calamitous occurrence
that causes great harm,
injury, destruction, and
devastation to life and
property”.
 WHAT IS A DISASTER?
It disrupts the usual course of
life, causing both physical and
emotional distress such as an
intense feeling of helplessness
and hopelessness.

It stresses that two elements

are affected – life and
property.
 WHAT IS A DISASTER?
The effects vary – it maybe a minor
damage (like broken windows and
doors), major damage (like torn
rooftops, collapsed walls), total
destruction (like completely
destroyed houses and structures
rendering them useless and
inhabitable) and the worst scenario,
it can lead to death.
 According to the Food and
Agriculture Organization
(FAO, 2008)

Disaster is “a serious disruption of the

functioning of a community or a
society involving widespread human,
material, economic or environmental
losses and impacts, which exceeds the
ability of the affected community or
society to cope using its own
resources”.
 WHAT IS A DISASTER?

Any adverse episode or

phenomenon can exploit a
vulnerability in the affected
population or community to
create damage and this
awareness will form the
basis for an adequate
intervention.
 United Nations
International Strategy for
Disaster Reduction
Defines disaster as a serious
disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society involving
widespread human, material,
economic or environmental losses
and impacts, which exceeds the
ability of the affected community
or society to cope using its own
resources.
 WHAT IS A DISASTER?
Disasters are often a result of the
combination of: the exposure to a hazard; the
conditions of vulnerability that are present;
and insufficient capacity or measures to
reduce or cope with the potential negative
consequences.

Its impacts may include loss of life, injury,

disease and other negative effects on human
physical, mental, and social wellbeing,
together with damage to properties,
destruction of assets, loss of services, social
and economic disruptions, and environmental
degradation.
CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS:

NATURAL DISASTERS MAN-MADE DISASTERS

- are caused by natural
forces such as earthquakes, - are caused by
typhoons, volcanic identifiable intentional
eruptions, hurricanes, fires, or non-intentional
tornados, and extreme
temperatures. They can be human actions.
rapid onset disasters or
those with a progressive
onset, such as droughts
leading to famine.
EXAMPLES OF NATURAL DISASTERS

TSUNAMI EARTHQUAKE TYPHOON LANDSLIDE

 CATEGORIES OF MAN-MADE
DISASTER

- Unregulated
Technological industrialization and
/Industrial inadequate safety
disasters standards increase the
risk for industrial
disasters.
EXAMPLE: leaks of hazardous materials;
accidental explosions; bridge or road collapses, or
vehicle collisions; Power cuts
 CATEGORIES OF MAN-MADE
DISASTER

-the threat of terrorism has also

Terrorism/ increased due to the spread of
technologies involving nuclear,
Violence biological, and chemical agents
used to develop weapons of
mass destruction.
EXAMPLE : bombs or explosions; release of chemical
materials; release of biological agents; release of radioactive
agents; multiple or massive shootings; mutinies
 CATEGORIES OF MAN-MADE
DISASTER
-the term complex emergency is usually
used to describe the humanitarian
Complex emergency resulting from an international
or civil war. In such situations, large
humanitarian
numbers of people are displaced from their
emergencies homes due to the lack of personal safety
and the disruption of basic infrastructure
including food distribution, water,
electricity, and sanitation, or communities
are left stranded and isolated in their own
homes unable to access assistance.
EXAMPLE: conflicts or wars and Genocide the deliberate killing of a large
group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation
 EXAMPLES OF MAN-MADE DISASTERS

COLLAPSED BRIDGE BOMB EXPLOSION GENOCIDE MULTIPLE/

MASSIVE SHOOTING
 The damage caused by disaster cannot
be measured. It also differs with the
kind of geographical location, climate,
earth’s specific characteristics, and level
of vulnerability. These determining
factors affect generally the
psychological, socio – economic,
political, and ethnical state of the
affected area.
 In general, risk is defined as “the
combination of the probability of an event and
its negative consequences” (UNISDR, 2009).
The term risk is thus multidisciplinary and is
used in a variety of contexts. It is usually
associated with the degree to which humans
cannot cope (lack of capacity) with a situation
(e.g. natural hazard).
 The term disaster risk refers to the potential (not
actual and realized) disaster losses in lives, health
status, livelihoods, assets, and services which could
occur in a community or society over some specified
future time period.
Disaster risk is the product of the possible damage
caused by a hazard due to the vulnerability within a
community. It should be noted that the effect of a
hazard (of a particular magnitude) would affect
communities differently (Von Kotze, 1999:35).

It can also be determined by the presence of three variables:

hazards (natural or anthropogenic); vulnerability to a hazard;
and coping capacity linked to the reduction, mitigation, and
resilience to the vulnerability of a community.