DHARMSINH DESAI UNIVERSITY, NADIAD

FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
B.TECH. - SEMESTER – VI
SUBJECT: (CL617) CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY - II
Examination : First Sessional Seat No. :
Date : 08/01/2021 Day : Friday
Time : 9:25 am to 10:15 am Max. Marks : 24

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Figures to the right indicate maximum marks for that question.
2. The symbols used carry their usual meanings.
3. Assume suitable data, if required & mention them clearly.
4. Draw neat sketches wherever necessary.

Q.2 Attempt Any TWO of the following questions. [12]

(a) Explain the role of construction equipment for a construction project. Enlist the factors [6]
affecting selection of construction equipment. Differentiate between standard equipment
and special equipment.

(b) Answer the following questions: [6]

i. State the advantages and disadvantages of using crawler mounter tractor over
wheel mounted tractor.
ii. State the types of blade attachment of a bull dozer. Also state the factors on which
output of a bulldozer depends on.

(c) Self-propelled scraper with specifications as follows is used to haul a sandy clay, [6]
Net empty weight = 43945 kg
Capacity of Scraper = 25 cum
The scraper has to travel a total haul route of 2 km. The rolling resistance for haul road is
5%. The grade resistance while travelling from cut site to fill site for a distance of 1.0 km
is +4%, next 0.6 km is +3% and next 0.4 km is -2%. The time required for loading the
scraper is 0.9 min, dumping sandy clay is 0.45 min and turn time while cutting and filling
as 0.4 min and 0.25 min respectively. The average speed of scraper while it is accelerating
is 2.2 m/s and deaccelerating is 5.2 m/s while it is loaded with earth. The average speed of
scraper while it is accelerating is 5.0 m/s and deaccelerating is 7.2 m/s while it is
returning back. The sandy clay has a loose weight of 1275 kg/cum. A realistic efficiency
estimate to this work is 50 min/hr. Estimate the production of scraper. (consider
acceleration. And deacceleration. distance of 200 m)
Note:
Speed (m/s)
Total 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Resistance
Scraper
Load (ton)
43.945 15.75 15.01 14.73 13.25 12.49 11.05 10.28 9.36 8.72 6.54 5.16
31.875 16.46 15.95 15.02 14.31 13.95 12.98 12.06 11.36 10.47 9.82 8.67
75.820 15.21 14.73 14.03 12.31 10.68 8.35 6.25 5.68 4.47 3.94 3.19

Q.3 (a) What is a trenching machine? Explain the types of trenchers along with its applications. [6]
State the factors on which output of a trencher depends on.

(b) A shovel with a 2.3 cum heaped capacity bucket is used for loading coarse aggregate on [6]
RMC plant. The average face height is expected to be 6.30 m. The shovel has a maximum
rated digging height of 9.45 m. Most of the cut will require a 110⁰ swing of the shovel to
load the haul units. The time required for loading bucket is 8 sec, dump time is 4 sec and
swing time is 4 sec. What is the production of shovel? Assume the efficiency as 45
min/hr, Bucket fill factor as 1 and swell factor as 0.
Page 1 of 1
 Note:
% Angle of swing (degree)
optimum 45 60 75 90 120 150 180
height
40 0.93 0.89 0.85 0.80 0.72 0.65 0.59
60 1.10 1.03 0.96 0.91 0.81 0.73 0.66
80 1.22 1.12 1.04 0.98 0.86 0.77 0.69
100 1.26 1.16 1.07 1.00 0.88 0.79 0.71
120 1.20 1.11 1.03 0.97 0.86 0.77 0.70
140 1.12 1.04 0.97 0.91 0.81 0.73 0.66
160 1.03 0.96 0.90 0.85 0.75 0.67 0.62

OR
Q.3 (a) With a neat sketch discuss the parts, working and uses of a dragline. [6]

(b) A rear-dump truck with the following specifications is used to haul a sandy clay. [6]
Struck capacity = 12 cum
Heaped capacity = 15 cum
Net empty weight = 17 ton
Payload = 19 ton
The truck will be loaded by a clamshell excavator having a 3.5 cum bucket. Bucket fill
factor for sandy clay is 110%. The haul load from the borrow site to the fill is 5 km with
an uphill grade of 1%. The earth is poorly maintained, having a rolling resistance of 5%.
Dump time will average 1.5 min because of the expected congestion on the fill. The
clamshell loads in 10 sec, dumps in 4 sec, swing angle is 90⁰ and time required for one
swing is 5 sec. The sandy clay has a loose weight of 1280 kg/m 3. A realistic efficiency
estimate to this work is 50min/hr. Estimate the production of truck and identify the best
combination of number of buckets and trucks.

Note:
Speed (m/s)
Total resistance 4% 5% 6% 7%
Truck load (ton)
17 16.02 15.20 14.95 13.10
20 14.82 14.00 13.65 11.89
31 5.93 5.88 5.82 5.79
32 5.88 5.82 5.79 5.73
33 5.82 5.79 5.72 5.68
34 5.79 5.72 5.69 5.62
35 5.2 5.69 5.61 5.56
36 5.69 5.61 5.55 5.51
37 5.61 5.55 5.51 5.45
38 5.55 5.51 5.46 5.40
39 5.51 5.46 5.40 5.37
40 5.46 5.40 5.35 5.32
41 5.40 5.35 5.32 5.29
42 5.35 5.32 5.29 5.26
43 5.32 5.29 5.25 5.21

Page 2 of 2
 DHARMSINH DESAI UNIVERSITY, NADIAD
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
B.TECH. - SEMESTER – VI
SUBJECT: (CL617) CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY - II
Examination : Second Sessional Seat No. :
Date : 12/02/2021 Day : Friday
Time : 9:25 am to 10:15 am Max. Marks : 24

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Figures to the right indicate maximum marks for that question.
2. The symbols used carry their usual meanings.
3. Assume suitable data, if required & mention them clearly.
4. Draw neat sketches wherever necessary.

Q.2 Attempt Any TWO of the following questions. [12]

(a) Answer the following questions [6]
i. State the types of compaction equipment used in construction. State the soil
condition under which each type of compaction equipment can be used.
ii. State the types of cranes used in construction industry. Which type of crane will
be suitable for construction work of a high-rise building having less working area?
iii. State the factors on which output of grader depends on.
(b) A cofferdam is to be erected in an area for foundation work where ground water table [6]
is high. Discuss the construction sequence for construction of cofferdam using sheet
piles. Support your answer with sketches.
(c) Blasting operation was carried out to facilitate sinking of caisson, the caisson has [6]
tilted onto one side due to sudden sinking. Suggest any two remedial measures to
rectify the tilt and explain the same.

Q.3 (a) Describe the layout, components and working of RMC plant along with a neat sketch. [6]
(b) Discuss RCC diaphragm wall with its suitability. Explain the method of construction [6]
of RCC diaphragm wall.
OR
Q.3 (a) State the types of concrete mixer. Discuss the process of loading and unloading [6]
concrete in non-tilting type of concrete mixer.
(b) What are monoliths? Describe its construction procedure, merits, demerits and uses. [6]
Support your answer with suitable sketch.

Page 1 of 1
 DHARMSINH DESAI UNIVERSITY, NADIAD
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
B.TECH. - SEMESTER – VI
SUBJECT: (CL617) CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY - II
Examination : Third Sessional Seat No. :
Date : 26/03/2021 Day : Friday
Time : 11:25 am to 12:15 pm Max. Marks : 24

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Figures to the right indicate maximum marks for that question.
2. The symbols used carry their usual meanings.
3. Assume suitable data, if required & mention them clearly.
4. Draw neat sketches wherever necessary.

Q.2 Attempt Any TWO of the following questions. [12]

(a) A residential complex consisting of 30 buildings of 16 storey are required to be [6]
constructed. Each floor and building have the exact floor plan. Walls, beam and slab of
the building are to be casted monolithically and openings for doors and windows are
required to be kept. Suggest a modern formwork system that can be used for construction
work. Explain the same formwork system in detail.

(b) A pit has to be excavated in an area having high groundwater table for construction [6]
work. The soil in the area is clay. Suggest a method by which groundwater table can
be lowered in the area and help making the working area dry. Discuss the same
method with a neat sketch.

(c) Stabilization of soil on roadway embankments and cut slopes is required. Suggest a [6]
technique by which soil stabilization can be achieved. Discuss the process in detail with
neat sketch.

Q.3 (a) A Wheel loader was purchased for ₹65,00,000 /- which included its tire cost of [6]
₹5,00,000/-. At the end of its useful life of 8 years the salvage value is expected to be
₹10,00,000/-. The equipment will have an annual use of 2000 hours. Apart from this the
equipment will incur the following costs: - Interest on the investment = 10%, Insurance =
2.5 %, Taxes = 2.0 %, Storage = 1 %. It has a diesel engine rated at 220 hp and Fuel
consumption at average operating condition is 0.12 lit/hr/hp. During a cycle of 40 s, the
engine is operated at full power, while filling the bucket with gravel requiring 8 s. During
the balance of cycle, engine will use no more than 50% of its rated power. Also wheel
loader will operate about 50 min/hr on average. Take unit cost of fuel as ₹65/lit. Calculate
the total cost of the loader per hour by average annual investment method.

(b) An excavator is purchased at a price of ₹50,00,000. It is expected to last for 6 useful years [6]
and the company uses double declining method for calculating depreciation. The
estimated salvage value at the end of useful life of the machine is ₹10,00,000. The annual
increase of average cost of construction equipment is approximately Rs 250000 per year.
Investment cost is 12% per year. Equipment operates for 2200 hrs/year. The forecast of
other parameters is given in the following tables. (For downtime and obsolescence
calculations take equipment cost as ₹1000 per hour.) Find the economic life and per hour
cost associated with it for the excavator.

Year Annual Repair and Downtime (%) Productivity Obsolescence

maintenance cost (₹) Factor Factor
1 1,45,500 2 1.00 0.00
2 3,64,500 4 0.99 0.06
3 4,41,000 7 0.98 0.11
4 4,92,000 10 0.96 0.15
5 6,06,000 13 0.94 0.19
6 6,64,500 15 0.92 0.25

OR
Page 1 of 1
Q.3 (a) A Wheel loader was purchased for ₹65,00,000 /- which included its tire cost of [6]
₹5,00,000/-. At the end of its useful life of 8 years the salvage value is expected to be
₹10,00,000/-. The equipment will have an annual use of 2000 hours. Apart from this the
equipment will incur the following costs: - Interest on the investment = 10%, Insurance =
2.5 %, Taxes = 2.0 %, Storage = 1 %. It has a diesel engine rated at 220 hp and Fuel
consumption at average operating condition is 0.12 lit/hr/hp. During a cycle of 40 s, the
engine is operated at full power, while filling the bucket with gravel requiring 8 s. During
the balance of cycle, engine will use no more than 50% of its rated power. Also wheel
loader will operate about 50 min/hr on average. Take unit cost of fuel as ₹65/lit. Calculate
the total cost of the loader per hour by time value of money method.
(b) An equipment purchased 4 years ago at a cost of ₹44,00,000/- is considered for [6]
replacement against a new model equipment (Challenger) whose cost is ₹36,00,000/-. The
current existing equipment (Defender) can be traded today at ₹16,00,000/- and if
continued operating for another 6 years will get a salvage value of ₹4,00,000/-. The
annual operating & maintenance cost of existing equipment is ₹9,00,000/-. The annual
operating cost of new model equipment is ₹5,00,000/- and its salvage value after 6 years
will be ₹8,00,000/-. Investment rate, i = 15%. Find the equivalent annual worth of
challenger and defender. Should the equipment be replaced?

Page 2 of 2
 DHARMSINH DESAI UNIVERSITY, NADIAD
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
B.TECH. SEMESTER VI [CIVIL ENGINEERING]
SUBJECT: (CL617) CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY-II
Examination : Regular External Examination Seat No : ______________
Date : 30/04/2021 Day : Friday
Time : 10:30 am to 12:00 noon Max. Marks : 30

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Figures to the right indicate maximum marks for that question.
2. The symbols used carry their usual meanings.
3. Assume suitable data, if required & mention them clearly.
4. Draw neat sketches wherever necessary.

SECTION - II
Q.2 Attempt Any THREE from the following questions. [15]
(a) Explain the erection and operation process of slipform system.

(b) A pit of depth 10 m has to be excavated in an area having high groundwater table for
construction work. The soil in the area is coarse grained. Suggest a method by which
groundwater table can be lowered in the area and help making the working area dry.
Discuss the same method with a neat sketch.

(c) A front shovel was purchased for ₹60,00,000 /- which included its tire cost of
₹5,00,000/-. At the end of its useful life of 10 years the salvage value is expected to be
₹10,00,000/-. The equipment will have an annual use of 2000 hours. Apart from this the
equipment will incur the following costs: - Interest on the investment = 10%, Insurance
= 2.5 %, Taxes = 2.0 %, Storage = 1 %. It has a diesel engine rated at 220 hp and Fuel
consumption at average operating condition is 0.12 lit/hr/hp. During a cycle of 40 s, the
engine is operated at full power, while filling the bucket with gravel requiring 8 s.
During the balance of cycle, engine will use no more than 50% of its rated power. Also
wheel loader will operate about 50 min/hr on average. Take unit cost of fuel as ₹65/lit.
Calculate the total cost of the loader per hour by time value of money method.

(d) A 1.5 cum short boom dragline is to be used to excavate sand having standard estimated
production of 160 cum/hr and optimum depth of cut 3.5 m. The depth of cut will be 4.7
m and the swing angle 120⁰. Determine the probable production of dragline, if the
efficiency is 45 min/hr. There is 20500 cum of material to be excavated, how long will
the project require if the working hours on a day is 8 hours. Assume swell factor 0 and
bucket fill factor 0.90.
Note:
% optimum Angle of swing (degree)
height 45 60 75 90 120 150 180
40 1.08 1.02 0.97 0.93 0.85 0.78 0.72
60 1.13 1.06 1.01 0.97 0.88 0.80 0.74
80 1.17 1.09 1.04 0.99 0.90 0.82 0.76
100 1.19 1.11 1.05 1.00 0.91 0.83 0.77
120 1.17 1.09 1.06 0.98 0.90 0.82 0.76
140 1.14 1.06 1.00 0.96 0.88 0.81 0.75
160 1.10 1.02 0.97 0.93 0.85 0.79 0.73

Q.3 Attempt Any THREE from the following questions. [15]

(a) A cofferdam is to be constructed inside a water body. Discuss the construction sequence
for construction of cofferdam using sheet piles. Support your answer with sketches.

(b) Explain box sheeting and vertical sheeting method of foundation trenches.
Page 1 of 2
(c) Discuss the layout and working of RMC plant along with a neat sketch.

(d) A rear-dump truck with the following specifications is used to haul a sandy clay.
Struck capacity = 12 cum
Heaped capacity = 15 cum
Net empty weight = 17 ton
Payload = 19 ton
The truck will be loaded by a clamshell excavator having a 3.5 cum bucket. Bucket fill
factor for sandy clay is 110%. The haul load from the borrow site to the fill is 5 km with
an uphill grade of 1%. The earth is poorly maintained, having a rolling resistance of 6%.
Dump time will average 1.5 min because of the expected congestion on the fill. The
clamshell loads in 12 sec, dumps in 5 sec, swing angle is 90⁰ and time required for one
swing is 5 sec. The sandy clay has a loose weight of 1280 kg/m3. A realistic efficiency
estimate to this work is 45min/hr. Estimate the production of truck and identify the best
combination of number of buckets and trucks.
Note:
Speed (m/s)
Total resistance 4% 5% 6% 7%
Truck load (ton)
17 16.02 15.20 14.95 13.10
20 14.82 14.00 13.65 11.89
31 5.93 5.88 5.82 5.79
32 5.88 5.82 5.79 5.73
33 5.82 5.79 5.72 5.68
34 5.79 5.72 5.69 5.62
35 5.2 5.69 5.61 5.56
36 5.69 5.61 5.55 5.51
37 5.61 5.55 5.51 5.45
38 5.55 5.51 5.46 5.40
39 5.51 5.46 5.40 5.37
40 5.46 5.40 5.35 5.32
41 5.40 5.35 5.32 5.29
42 5.35 5.32 5.29 5.26
43 5.32 5.29 5.25 5.21

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