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22 views3 pages

Lab Report

labreport

Uploaded by

rhayiasofiayzabel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PEREZ RHAYIA SOFIA YZABEL U.

1B2

Based on the SLM and from the presentation, answer the following questions:

1. What are the different classes under Phylum Mollusca? (5pts)

The main classes of mollusks include:

Gastropoda(snails, slugs)

Bivalvia (clams, oysters, mussels)

Cephalopoda(squids, octopuses, cuttlefish)

Polyplacophora (chitons)

Scaphopoda (tusk shells)

Monoplacophora** (a less common class, resembling limpets)

2. Make a concept map comparing the physical and behavioral characteristics,


locomotion, and reproduction of the different classes.

PHYLUM MOLLUSCA

Gastropoda

Physical Trait: Spiral shell (most species), distinct head, muscular foot.

Locomotion: Uses muscular foot to glide or crawl.

Reproduction: Mostly external fertilization, some species are hermaphroditic.

Bivalvia

Physical Traits: Two-part shell, laterally compressed body.

Locomotion: Limited movement, can burrow or use foot for small movements.

Reproduction: External fertilization, larvae often pass through a planktonic stage.


Cephalopoda

Physical Traits: Reduced or absent shell, large head, tentacles.

Locomotion: Jet propulsion, swimming with fins or crawling with arms.

Reproduction: Internal fertilization, direct development without a larval stage.

Scaphopoda

Physical Traits: Tubular shell (tusk-shaped).

Locomotion: Limited movement using the foot.

Reproduction: External fertilization, larvae develop in the plankton.

Monoplacophora

Physical Traits: Cap-like shell, simple body structure.

Locomotion: Uses a broad foot for movement.

Reproduction: External fertilization.

3. Justify the statement that “members of the class Cephalopoda are the most complex
molluscs”.

Cephalopods are considered the most complex mollusks because of their advanced nervous
system, highly developed eyes, ability to camouflage using chromatophores, and unique
locomotion methods (such as jet propulsion).

4. Complete the table

Mantle: A significant part of the mollusk’s anatomy, involved in secreting the shell.
Radula: A toothed, chitinous ribbon used for feeding (scraping or cutting food).
Mantle Cavity: The space between the mantle and the body that contains the gills or
lungs.
Operculum: A structure that covers and protects the opening of a shell.
Adductor Muscles: Muscles that close the shell in bivalves.

Gonad: The reproductive organ that produces gametes (eggs or sperm).


Food grooves: Found in bivalves to help direct food particles towards the mouth.

Pseudo feces: Non-digestible particles that are expelled without being digested.

Jet Propulsion System: Used by cephalopods for rapid movement by expelling water.

Closed Circulatory System: Present in cephalopods, where blood is confined to


vessels.

Open Circulatory System: Common in most mollusks, where blood flows freely in the
body cavity.

Chromatophores: Pigment cells that allow cephalopods to change color.

Spermatophores: Capsules or packets containing sperm, transferred during


reproduction.

Tooth Shells: Found in the Scaphopoda class, resembling tusks.

Cephalization: The concentration of nerve tissue and sensory organs at the anterior end
(more advanced in cephalopods).

5. Identify which class the species below belong to:


1. Class Polyclacophora

2. Monoplacophora

3. Bivalvia

4. Scaphopoda

5.Gastropoda

6. Cephalopoda

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