[ French V Zip file of mp3s - 18.90 MB ] 81.

COLLOQU AL EXPRESS ONS Il faut + infinitive (it is necessary, one must) Il faut tourner gauche. It is necessary to turn left. Il faut faire les devoirs. One must do homework. Il lui faut aller l'cole. He must go to school. Il faut + noun (need) Il faut du fromage. You need some cheese. Il faut un jeton. You need a token. Il me faut un stylo. I need a pen. Il reste (there rem ains) Il reste une chambre. There is one room left. Il n'en reste plus. There are no m ore left. Il me reste trois jours. I have three days left. Notice that il faut and il reste can both take an object pronoun to indicate a person. Il vaut mieux + infinitive (it is better) Il vaut mieux prendre le bus. It is better to take the bus. Il vaut mieux apprendre les langues que la politique. It's better to learn languages than politics. Il s'agit de (it's a question of, it's a matter of, it's about) De quoi s'agit-il ? What's is about? Il ne s'agit pas de a ! That's not the point! Il s'agit de ton avenir. It's a matter of your future. Avoir beau (although, despite the fact, however much) J'ai beau tudier cette langue, je ne la parle pas. Although I study this language, I don't speak it. Il a beau faire froid, nous sortirons. Although is it cold, we will go out. Avoir l'air + adjective (to seem/look) a a l'air dlicieux. That looks delicious. Vous avez l'air fatigu. You seem tired. a n'a pas l'air d'aller. Things don't look so good. a vous dit ? / a vous dirait de... ? (Would you like to? / How would you feel about...? / Does that interest you? / Does that ring a bell?) a vous dirait de regarder un film ce soir ? Are you interested in watching a movie tonight? / Would you like to watch a movie tonight? Non, a me dit rien. No, that doesn't interest me. / No, I don't want to. a te dit quelque chose ? Does that ring a bell? / Does that remind you of anything? Non, a me dit rien. No, that doesn't ring a bell. / That doesn't remind me of anything. a ne me dit pas grande chose. That does nothing for me. a parle de quoi / qui ? (What / Who is it about?) a parle de quoi, le livre que tu cris ? What's the book about that you're writing? a y est ! ( There! That's it ! It's done!) a a t (How did it go? / It went well.) Ton examen, a a t ? How did your exam go? Oui, a a t. It went well. On dirait... [a ressemble ] (It seems / it looks like / it tastes like / it smells like / it feels like / it sounds like) On dirait un chat. It looks like a cat. pas terrible (terrible actually means terrific in this phrase) C'est pas terrible, ce film. This movie is not very good. pas mal de (a lot of, lots of, tons of - synonym of beaucoup) J'ai pas mal de trucs faire aujourd'hui. I have lots of things to do today.

82. CONJUNCT ONS & CONNECT NG WORDS auparavant d'abord ensuite / puis plus tard aprs alors ainsi before first then later after so thus de mme en/de plus d'ailleurs plutt surtout quand mme au fait similarly moreover / furthermore besides rather especially anyway by the way par exemple pour / afin de par contre / en revanche d'autre part au moins malgr / en dpit de sauf for example in order to on the contrary on the other hand at least in spite of except

donc finalement / enfin quand / lorsque aussitt / ds que tant que depuis bien que alors / tandis que

therefore finally when as soon as as long as since although while / whereas

en fait c'est--dire en d'autres termes parce que car cause de

actually that is to say in other words

cependant / pourtant mme si par consquent comme si nanmoins soit... soit en conclusion en bref

however / yet even if consequently as though nevertheless either... or in conclusion in brief / in short

c'est pour a que that's why because for / because because of

puisque / comme since

The word soit has several meanings. It is also the third person singular form of tre in the present subjunctive. Je veux qu'il soit l. I want him to be here. It can also be used to mean i.e. or that is when introducing a clause. Le contenu du CD est bilingue, soit franais et anglais. The contents of the CD are bilingual, i.e. French and English.

83. FORMS OF TOUT As an adjective, tout precedes and agrees with the noun. masc. sing. fem. sing. masc. pl. fem. pl. tout le train toute la journe tous les enfants toutes les mres the whole train the whole day all the kids all the moms

As a pronoun, tout can be used alone; it then means everything and is invariable. Tout va bien. Everything's fine. Je ne peux pas tout faire. I can't do everything. It can also reinforce the subject. (The s of tous is pronounced when tous is a pronoun.) Ils sont tous l. They are all here. Tout can also be used with direct object pronouns. The forms of tout follow the verb in a simple tense and go between the auxiliary and past participle in a compound tense. Je les ai toutes. I have them all. Je ne les ai pas tous eu. I didn't have them all. Idiomatic Expressions with Tout en tout cas tout le monde tout de suite de toute faon tout fait toutes sortes de pas du tout malgr tout tout l'heure in any case everyone right away anyway completely all kinds of not at all in spite of it all in a little while

84. BAB ES & CH LDREN baby fetus diaper safety pin rattle pacifier le bb le f tus la couche l'pingle nourrice (f) le hochet la ttine carousel toys ball marbles doll stuffed animals le mange les jouets (m) le ballon les billes (f) la poupe les peluches (f)

bottle carriage stroller high chair bib crib cradle kids slide seesaw swing

le biberon le landau la poussette la chaise haute le bavoir le lit de bb le berceau les gosses (m) le toboggan la balanoire bascule la balanoire

teddybear blocks top puppet kite balloon rollerblades rollerskates wagon maze hopscotch A doudou refers to a favorite stuffed animal.

le nounours les cubes (m) la toupie la marionnette le cerf-volant le ballon les rollers (m) le patin roulettes le petit chariot le labyrinthe la marelle

85. PR MARY & SECONDARY SCHOOL school teacher (m) teacher (f) elem. teacher (m) elem. teacher (f) secondary teacher chalkboard chalk desk student university student book backpack schoolbag locker globe diploma school supplies pencil case l'cole (f) l'enseignant l'enseignante l'instituteur l'institutrice le professeur le tableau la craie le pupitre l'lve l'tudiant(e) le livre le sac dos le cartable le casier le globe terrestre le diplme les fournitures scolaires la trousse pencil mechanical pencil pen eraser ink ink jar pencil sharpener glue scissors ruler highlighter crayons marker piece of paper spiral notebook folder notebook binder notepad le crayon le porte-mine le stylo la gomme l'encre (f) l'encrier (f) le taille-crayons la colle les ciseaux (m) la rgle le surligneur les crayons de couleur (m) le marqueur la feuille le carnet de notes spirale la chemise le cahier le classeur le bloc-notes

Students of all ages use a trousse in France. They're not just for elementary students!

86. PASS VE VO CE As in English, the passive voice in French is composed of a tense of the verb to be and a past participle. However, only a direct object in French can become the subject of the passive form. The active form, le chat mange la souris is made passive thus: La souris est mange par le chat. The cat eats the mouse becomes the mouse is eaten by the cat. The subject in the active sentence (le chat) becomes the object of the passive. The direct object of the active sentence (la souris) becomes the subject of the passive sentence preceded by "par." The verb of the active sentence is changed into a past participle (mange becomes mange, notice the agreement!) preceded by a form of tre. Elle est porte par Jean. She is carried by John. Elles ont t inspires par Van Gogh. They were inspired by Van Gogh. Il avait t tu par les soldats franais. He had been killed by French soldiers.

Notice how pronominal verbs change from active to passive: Active: Je me suis rveille. I woke up. Passive: J'ai t rveille par quelque chose. I was awakened by something. Passive is Not Possible If a verb takes an indirect object, it cannot be transformed into the passive voice in French. In this case, on is used in the active construction, as long as the agent is not specified and the action is performed by a human being (i.e. no natural forces, such as weather). On a donn un cadeau ma mre. My mother was given a present. [Someone gave a present to my mother.] On lui a dit de retrouver le conservateur au muse. He was told to meet the curator at the museum. [Someone told him to meet the curator at the museum.] Alternatives to the Passive In addition to using on as the subject of an active construction to replace the passive, you can also use the pronominal constructions: se voir [to see oneself], s'entendre [to hear oneself], se faire [to get oneself] and se laisser [to let oneself] + infinitive. These verbs can be used when the agent is specified, unlike the active construction with on. Je me suis vu promettre une augmentation. I have been promised a raise. Elle s'est entendu dire qu'il allait mourir. She was told that he was going to die. Jean s'est fait arrter. John got arrested. Ils se sont laiss tomber malade. They let themselves get sick. You can also use a pronominal verb to translate the passive, as long as the agent is not specified. However, this does not work for all verbs. a s'crit comment? How is that written? a ne se dit plus. That is not said anymore. Use tre + infinitive to translate must + English passive: Ce monument est voir ! This monument must be seen! Ce rapport est refaire. This report must be redone.

87. DEPU S, L Y A, & PENDANT N PAST CONTEXTS 1. To express an action that has been going on, depuis (or il y a ... que) is used with the present tense. Depuis quand avez-vous votre ordinateur ? Depuis combien de temps avez-vous votre ordinateur ? How long have you had your computer ? Je conduis depuis longtemps. Je l'ai depuis deux ans. a fait deux ans que je l'ai. Il y a deux ans que je l'ai. I've had it for two years. I have been driving for a long time.

2. But to express an action that had been going on for some time when something else happened, depuis is used with the imperfect. Nous conduisions depuis deux heures, quand j'ai propos de prendre le volant. We had been driving for two hours when I volunteered to drive.

3. To express an action that you have not done for some time, use depuis with the pass compos. Je n'ai pas conduit depuis mon mariage. I haven't driven since I've been married.

4. To express an action that was done for a period of time, pendantis used, usually with the pass compos. But for an action that was completed som e time ago, use il y a, also with the pass compos. J'ai lou une voiture pendant deux semaines. J'ai appris conduire il y a deux ans. I rented a car for two weeks. I learned to drive two years ago.

88. POST OFF CE & BANK post office letter postcard stamp phone booth mailbox la poste la lettre la carte postale le timbre la cabine tlphonique la bote lettres bank teller bill check checkbook ATM la banque le caissier / la caissire le billet le chque le chquier le guichet automatique

mail slot address return address label packing tape package postmark rubber band ink pad string

la fente l'adresse l'expditeur l'tiquette le ruban adhsif le paquet le cachet de la poste l'lastique le tampon encreur la ficelle

key lock filing cabinet safety deposit box notepad credit card security camera security guard drive-thru window safe

la cl la serrure le classeur le coffre le bloc-notes la carte de crdit la camra de surveillance le gardien le drive-in le coffre-fort

89. TO RECE VE Recevoir-to receive reois reois reoit recevons recevez reoivent The past participle of recevoir is reu.

90. VERBS + A OR DE + NF N T VES OR NOUNS Some verbs require or de before an infinitive: Verb + + infinitive aider s'amuser apprendre arriver chercher commencer consister continuer donner encourager enseigner s'exercer s'habituer hsiter insister inviter renoncer russir songer s'appliquer s'attacher se dcider s'employer inciter s'obstiner parvenir persister pousser provoquer se risquer veiller to help to have fun to learn to manage to look for to begin to consist to continue to give to encourage to teach to practice/learn to get used to to hesitate to insist to invite to give up to succeed to consider to apply to to become attached to decide to use to incite to insist to succeed to persist in to push to provoke to risk to look after accepter de arrter de avoir envie de avoir honte de avoir peur de avoir raison de avoir tort de choisir de dcider de dfendre de demander de se dpcher de dire de empcher de essayer de tre heureux de tre oblig de viter de s'excuser de finir de interdire de menacer de oublier de permettre de promettre de refuser de regretter de remercier de rver de risquer de venir de to accept to stop to feel like to be ashamed to be afraid to be right to be wrong to choose to decide to forbid to ask to hurry up to say to prevent to try to be happy to be required to avoid to apologize to finish to forbid to threaten to forget to permit to promise to refuse to regret to thank to dream to risk to have just Verb + de + infinitive conseiller de convenir de craindre de dsesprer de dissuader de entreprendre de envisager de s'tonner de se garder de ngliger de persuader de prier de recommander de reprocher de to advise to agree upon to fear to despair to dissuade to undertake to contemplate to astonish to keep oneself to neglect to persuade to beg to recommend to reproach

viser

to aim

cesser de

to stop

Venir de + infinitive means "to have just" + past participle in English. Je viens de manger. I just ate. Some verbs require or de before nouns: Verb + + noun aller assister demander dire convenir jouer nuire obir penser plaire renoncer rpondre resister ressembler songer survivre tlphoner to suit to attend to ask (som eone) to tell (someone) to suit to play (sport/game) to harm to obey to think of to please to give up to answer to resist to resemble to consider to survive to phone s'apercevoir de s'approcher de avoir besoin de changer de dpendre de douter de hriter de jouer de jouir de manquer de se mfier de penser de remercier de rire de se servir de se souvenir de vivre de Verb + de + noun to notice to approach to need to change to depend on to doubt to inherit to play (instrument) to enjoy to lack to distrust to think/have an opinion about to thank for to laugh at to use to remember to live on

And some verbs require no prepositions in French, while others use different prepositions from English: No prepositions in French approuver attendre chercher demander couter esprer payer rappeler regarder sentir viser to approve of to wait for to look for to ask for to listen to to hope for to pay for to remind of to look at to smell of/like to aim at Different prepositions from English entrer dans consister en se fcher contre to enter to consist of to get angry with

Tu me rappelle mon pre. You remind me of my father. a sent la pluie. It smells like rain.

91. ADJECT VES + A OR DE + NF N T VES Adjective + + infinitive accessible agrable amusant antrieur attach conforme contraire dernier ennuyeux accessible pleasant fun previous/earlier attached standard contrary last boring accus de assur de capable de certain de charg de connu de conscient de content de dnud de Adjective + de + infinitive accused assure/insured capable certain charged/loaded known conscious content/satisfied naked/bare

tranger expos favorable infrieur intressant lger lent lourd oppos pnible premier prt rapide semblable seul suprieur terrible utile

foreign exposed favorable inferior/lower interesting light slow heavy opposite difficult first ready fast similar only superior/higher terrible useful

dsireux de dsol de diffrent de digne de exempt de furieux de heureux de honteux de impatient de plein de priv de proche de rempli de soucieux de sr de triste de vide de

desirous sorry different fit/worthy exempt furious happy ashamed impatient full private close/near full worried sure sad empty

92. TO FOLLOW Suivre-to follow suis suis suit suivons suivez suivent

The past participle of suivre is suivi. Suivre can also be used with school subjects to mean "to take a course." Suivez le guide ! Follow the guide! Suivez les instructions. Follow the instructions. Je suis un cours de maths. I'm taking a math class.

93. FA RE CAUSAT VE Faire + an infinitive is called the faire causative. It translates to "have something done by someone or cause something to be done by someone," or "to cause someone to do something." Je rpare la voiture. I'm fixing the car. Je fais rparer la voiture. I'm having the car fixed. Il peint son appartement. He's painting his apartment. Il fait peindre son appartement. He's having his apartment painted. Le bb mange. The baby is eating. Elle fait manger le bb. She's feeding the baby. When replacing the object with a pronoun, the pronoun precedes faire. And in past tenses, the past participle remains invariable. Je la fais rparer. I'm having it fixed. Il leur a fait apprendre les verbes. He had them learn the verbs. Il les leur a fait apprendre. He had them learn them. Se faire + infinitive is usually translated as "to get" + (oneself) + verb. Tu vas te faire tuer. You're going to get yourself killed. Il va se faire casser la gueule. He's going to break his neck. Se faire soigner sans se faire arrter. Get treated/looked after without getting arrested. vitez de vous faire piquer. Avoid getting stung.

94. D RECT & IND RECT D SCOURSE Direct discourse relates exactly what someone has said or written, using quotation marks and the original wording. Indirect discourse relates indirectly, without quotation marks, what someone has said or written. It works the sam e way in French as it does in English.

Direct Discourse Main verb is present Main verb in past Il me dit: <<Je pars en vacances et ma famille a lou une villa.>> Il m'a dit: <<Je pars en vacances et ma famille a lou une villa.>>

Indirect Discourse Il me dit qu'il part en vacances et que sa famille a lou une villa. Il m'a dit qu'il partait en vacances et que sa famille avait lou une villa.

Note that if the main verb is in the present tense, no tense changes occur when using indirect discourse. However, if the main verb is in a past tense, the following tense changes occur: Present Imperfect Pass Compos Pluperfect The Imperfect and Pluperfect do not change. Rem ember to use que to introduce each dependent clause, and adjust personal pronouns and possessive adjectives. In questions, the following (rather uncomplicated) changes occur: 1. Yes/no questions = si + declarative sentence Je t'ai demand si tu avais faim. 2. O, quand, comment, etc. = interrogative word + declarative sentence Il m'a demand quelle heure j'allais revenir. 3. Interrogative pronouns are a little trickier: qui est-ce qui qui est-ce que qu'est-ce qui qu'est-ce que qui ce qui ce que Il m'a demand qui tait rest. Elle m'a demand qui j'avais vu. Ils m'ont demand ce qui s'tait pass. Elles m'ont demand ce que j'avais dit.

95. COMPUTERS & INTERNET computer disk document CD-ROM monitor keyboard mouse printer memo fax machine photocopier typewriter software file cabinet memory card flashdrive external HD attachment to attach l'ordinateur la disquette le document le cdrom l'cran le clavier la souris l'imprimante la note de service le tlcopieur la photocopieuse la machine crire le logiciel le dossier le placard la carte mmoire la cl USB le disque dur externe la pice jointe joindre scanner laptop internet internet user online link bookmark e-mail password search engine chat room bulletin board homepage website web browswer cable DSL to sign on / off to scroll up / down to download le scanner le portable l'internet l'internaute en-ligne le lien le signet le courriel / le mail le mot de passe le moteur de recherche la salle de tchatche le forum la page d'accueil le site le navigateur le cble l'ADSL se connecter / dconnecter drouler le texte tlcharger

French uses portable to refer to a laptop computer and a cell phone.

96. NE EXPLET F Sometimes ne must be inserted in a phrase even when it is not expressing the negative. (However, do not confuse the use of ne expltif with the verbs that can exist in the negative with only using ne and not pas in formal, written language: cesser, daigner, oser, pouvoir, savoir). It is used 1) after certain conunctions: avant que, moins que; 2) after expressions and verbs of fear: de crainte que, de peur que, craindre que, avoir peur que, redouter que, trembler que, empcher que, viter que; 3) before a verb that

follows a comparison of inequality: plus, moins, autre; and 4) after adverbs of doubt and negation used in the negative to express a positive idea. Je sors ce soir moins qu'il ne pleuve. I'll go out this evening unless it rains. Il craint que tu ne sois fatigu aprs le voyage. He's afraid that you'll be tired after the trip. Nous sommes plus forts qu'elle ne pense. We are stronger than she thinks. Je ne doute pas que vous ne fassiez des progrs. I don't doubt that you are making progress.

97. COND T ONAL TENSES: PRESENT & PAST The present conditional tense corresponds to "would." It is used after the imperfect in a conditional sentence. Most conditionals sentences begin with si (if). However, do not confuse the conditional would with the would that expresses a repeated action in the past. If would means used to, then the imperfect tense is used. Another use of the conditional is in news reports to indicate that the information is not confirm ed. Si j'tais (imperfect) dans une autre famille, est-ce que je serais (conditional) plus heureuse ? If I were in another family, would I be happier? Quand nous tions (imperfect) en vacances, nous dormions (imperfect) jusqu' midi. When we were on vacation, we would (used to) sleep until noon. Un otage tranger serait mort en route pour l'hpital. A foreign hostage (probably) died on the way to the hospital. To form the conditional, use the infinitive and add the imperfect endings (but remember to drop the -e on -re verbs). You use the same irregular stems and exceptions for the conditional that are used for the future tense. -ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient

The past conditional is formed by using the conditional of avoir or tre and a past participle. It corresponds to "would have" and is used in hypothetical sentences. Il n'aurait jamais dit a ! He would have never said that! If... sentences: When si (if) is used in sentences of condition, the verb tenses change. These pretty much correspond to English usage. 1. Si + present tense + present, imperative, or future Si je suis fatigue, je me repose. If I'm tired, I rest. Repose-toi si tu es fatigu. Rest if you're tired. Si je suis fatigu demain, je me reposerai. If I am tired tomorrow, I will rest. 2. Si + imperfect + present conditional Si j'tais riche, je pourrais acheter un chteau. If I were rich, I would buy a castle. Il deviendrait roi s'il avait plus de courage. He would become king if he had more courage. 3. Si + pluperfect + past conditional Si j'avais su, j'aurais compris. If I had known, I would have understood. It is possible to have past conditional with the imperfect, and it is also possible to have present conditional with pluperfect. However, you can never have the future or conditional tenses directly following si. They must be in the other clause. Translating Would, Could, Should In general, you use the conditional tense of a verb to express would + infinitive, such as je dirais - I would say. Again, make sure to use the imperfect of the verb if you're referring to repeated actions in the past (i.e. used to). You can also use the conditional of pouvoir to mean could, as long as the meaning is something that is yet to happen. Il pourrait m'aider. He could help me. Otherwise, you use the imperfect or pass compos to mean could if you're referring to the past of can (i.e. was/were not able to). Elle ne pouvait pas s'arrter de rire. She couldn't stop laughing. Should is usually translated by using the conditional of devoir. Tu ne devrais pas dire a. You shouldn't say that. For would have, could have and should have, you use the past conditional of the verb, past conditional of pouvoir + infinitive, and past conditional of devoir + infinitive, respectively. Just remember that would and would have are not followed by infinitives in French. would could should would have could have should have conditional of verb conditional of pouvoir + infinitive conditional of devoir + infinitive past conditional of verb past conditional of pouvoir + infinitive past conditional of devoir + infinitive il dirait il pourrait dire il devrait dire il aurait dit il aurait pu dire il aurait d dire he would say he could say he should say he would have said he could have said he should have said

"You shouldn't have" or "that wasn't necessary" when someone gives you a gift is il ne fallait pas. Listen to the le conditionnel : si tu gagnais au loto mp3 and try the cloze (fill-in-the-blank) exercise from French Listening Resources.

98. PARTS OF A CAR & AT THE GAS STAT ON horn hood brake steering wheel windshield wipers dashboard accelerator headlights windshield motor trunk body (of car) driver's license gasoline traffic lights oil hubcap air hose le klaxon le capot le frein le volant les essuie-glaces le tableau de bord l'acclrateur les phares le pare-brise le moteur le coffre la carrosserie le permis de conduire l'essence les feux l'huile l'enjoliveur la pompe air directional signal license plate brake light (on car) car window door gas tank wheel tire bumper fender door handle air conditioning heater battery gas cap gas pump le clignotant la plaque d'immatriculation le stop la voiture la vitre la portire le rservoir la roue le pneu le pare-chocs l'aile la poigne de portire la climatisation le chauffage la batterie le bouchon de rservoir d'essence la pompe essence

The most common types of cars in France are Peugeot, Clio, Renault, and Fiat, and the majority are manual drive. Automatic cars in Europe are generally reserved for handicapped people. The driving age in France is 18, and young drivers who have just gotten their licenses have a red A sticker on their car.

99. TO DR VE Conduire-to drive conduis conduis conduit conduisons conduisez conduisent

The past participle of conduire is conduit. Other verbs conjugated like conduire are: traduire - to translate, produire - to produce, and construire - to construct.

100. TRAVELL NG & AT THE A RPORT suitcase clothes passport diary traveler's checks dictionary flight baggage Euro bill coin change cent arrival la valise les vtements le passeport le journal les chques de voyage le dictionnaire le vol les bagages l'euro le billet la pice la monnaie le centime l'arrive

departure Where is/are... currency exchange passport check customs entrance lost and found information exit taxi stand restroom

le dpart O est / O sont... le bureau de change le contrle des passeports la douane l'entre les objets trouvs les renseignements la sortie les taxis les toilettes

When asking Where is/are..., O est is the singular form and O sont is the plural form, even if it's singular in English. Where is the entrance? would be O est l'entre ? and Where is the lost and found? would be O sont les objets trouvs ? Directional Words right there here over there to the right of to the left of straight ahead in front of behind juste l ici l-bas droite de gauche de tout droit devant derrire zhoost lah ee-see lah bah ah dwaht duh ah gohsh duh too dwah duh-vawn dare-ee-air across from between next to near far (from) at the end of at the top of en face de entre ct de prs de loin de au fond de en haut de awn fawz duh awn-truh ah koh-tay duh preh duh lwahn duh oh fohn duh awn oh duh