2016E.

C 2nd Semester 3rd Quarter Physics After Class For

Grade 12
I. Choose the correct answer for the questions given below
1.
2.

1. Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude because:

a) Air density increases c) Air temperature decreases
b) Gravity weakens d) Air density decreases
2. If the atmospheric pressure at sea level is 101.3 kPa, what would be the approximate pressure at an altitude
of 5000 meters?
1. 50.65 kPa 3. 25.325 kPa
2. 101.3 kPa 4. 202.6 kPa
3. Which of the following is not a property of a liquid's surface?
a) Surface tension c) Capillary action
b) Surface energy d) Viscosity
4. What is the primary difference between hydraulic and pneumatic systems?
a) Hydraulic systems use air, while pneumatic systems use water.
b) Hydraulic systems use liquids, while pneumatic systems use gases.
c) Hydraulic systems use gases, while pneumatic systems use liquids.
d) There is no difference between hydraulic and pneumatic systems.
5. Pascal's principle states that:
a) Pressure increases with depth in a fluid
b) Pressure is the same throughout a fluid at rest
c) Pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of a fluid
d) Pressure is directly proportional to the temperature of a fluid
6. What is the difference between true weight and apparent weight of a body?
a) True weight is measured in air, while apparent weight is measured in a vacuum
b) True weight is the weight of the body without any external forces acting on it, while apparent weight is the
weight of the body in a fluid
c) True weight is always greater than apparent weight
d) True weight depends on the density of the body, while apparent weight depends on the volume of the
body
7. What does the principle of flotation state?
a) A floating object displaces a volume of fluid equal to its own weight
b) A floating object displaces a volume of fluid less than its own weight
c) A floating object displaces a volume of fluid greater than its own weight
d) A floating object displaces a volume of fluid equal to its own volume
8. Which principle states that the pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished to every
portion of the fluid and to the walls of its container?
a) Pascal's principle c) Boyle's law
b) Archimedes' principle d) Bernoulli's principle
9. Which principle explains why helium balloons rise in air?
a) Pascal's principle c) Boyle's law
b) Archimedes' principle d) Bernoulli's principle
10. How does a manometer measure pressure?
a) By comparing the pressure to atmospheric pressure
b) By measuring the volume of the fluid
c) By measuring the height of the fluid column
d) By measuring the density of the fluid
11. Given a column of water with a height of 10 meters, what is the pressure at the bottom of the column?
(Density of water = 1000 kg/m³, gravitational acceleration = 9.8 m/s²)
a) 980 Pa c) 9800 Pa
b) 1000 Pa d) 10,000 Pa
12. What is the principle behind a hydraulic lift?
a) Pressure is inversely proportional to volume
b) Pressure is transmitted equally in all directions in a fluid
c) Pressure increases with depth in a fluid
d) Pressure is directly proportional to temperature
13. A block of metal with a mass of 2 kg displaces 0.001 m³ of water when submerged. What is the density of
the metal? (Density of water = 1000 kg/m³)
a) 2000 kg/m³ c) 1000 kg/m³
b) 500 kg/m³ d) 0.5 kg/m³
14. A hydraulic system exerts a force of 500 N on a piston with an area of 0.05 m². What is the pressure exerted
by the system?
a) 10,000 Pa c) 10,000 N/m²
b) 100 Pa d) 100,000 Pa
15. A liquid with a surface tension of 0.05 N/m rises in a capillary tube to a height of 10 cm. What is the
diameter of the capillary tube?
a) 0.2 mm c) 2.0 mm
b) 0.1 mm d) 1.0 mm
16. The maximum stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation is known as:
a) Elastic limit c) Tensile strength
b) Yield point d) Fracture point
17. The triple point on a phase diagram represents:
a) The point at which a substance changes phase rapidly
b) The point at which all three phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium
c) The point at which a substance reaches its maximum temperature
d) The point at which a substance changes from solid to liquid phase
18. What is turbulent flow?
a) Flow characterized by smooth, parallel layers c) Flow characterized by high viscosity
b) Flow characterized by irregular, chaotic movement d) Flow characterized by low velocity
19. What is the Reynolds number?
a) A dimensionless quantity that predicts laminar or turbulent flow
b) A measure of flow rate
c) A measure of viscosity
d) A measure of density
20. When using Bernoulli’s equation to solve problems, what quantity remains constant along a streamline?
a) Pressure c) Density
b) Velocity d) Volume
21. What does the equation of continuity describe?
a) The relationship between pressure and velocity in a fluid
b) The conservation of energy in a fluid
c) The conservation of mass in a fluid
d) The behavior of fluids in turbulent flow
22. Which type of flow is characterized by smooth, parallel layers?
a) Laminar c) Transitional
b) Turbulent d) Viscous
23. What does Stokes's law describe?
a) The relationship between pressure and velocity in a fluid
b) The behavior of fluids in turbulent flow
c) The force exerted by a fluid on an object moving through it
d) The conservation of energy in a fluid
24. Which application is NOT based on Bernoulli’s principle?
a) Airplane wings c) Diving
b) Carburetors d) Refrigerator
25. How does the Reynolds number affect the transition from laminar to turbulent flow?
a) Higher Reynolds numbers favor laminar flow
b) Lower Reynolds numbers favor laminar flow
c) Higher Reynolds numbers favor turbulent flow
d) Reynolds number has no effect on flow transition
26. Which statement correctly describes the equation of continuity?
a) It describes the relationship between pressure and velocity in a fluid
b) It states that the total energy of a fluid remains constant along a streamline
c) It states that the volume flow rate of a fluid remains constant along a streamline
d) It describes the force exerted by a fluid on an object moving through it
27. What is thermal equilibrium?
a) When two objects have the same temperature, they are in thermal equilibrium.
b) When two objects have the same heat, they are in thermal equilibrium.
c) When two objects have the same pressure, they are in thermal equilibrium.
d) When two objects have the same volume, they are in thermal equilibrium.
28. What is the difference between heat and temperature?
a) Heat is a measure of the total kinetic energy of particles in a substance, while temperature is the average
kinetic energy per particle.
b) Heat is the measure of the average kinetic energy per particle, while temperature is the total kinetic
energy of particles in a substance.
c) Heat and temperature are synonymous and can be used interchangeably.
d) Heat is a measure of the thermal energy of a substance, while temperature is a measure of its internal
energy.
29. Specific heat capacity is defined as:
a) The heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.
b) The total heat absorbed by a substance.
c) The heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Kelvin.
d) The total heat absorbed by a unit volume of a substance.
30. The relationship between the coefficient of volume expansion (β) and the coefficient of linear expansion (α) is:
a) β = 3α c) β = 2α
b) β = α^2 d) β = α/3
31. Latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat energy required to:
a) Change a substance from liquid to solid. c) Change a substance from liquid to gas.
b) Change a substance from solid to liquid. d) Change a substance from gas to liquid.
32. Apparent expansion of a liquid differs from real expansion because:
a) Apparent expansion considers the change in density of the liquid.
b) Real expansion considers the change in volume of the liquid.
c) Apparent expansion considers the change in surface area of the liquid.
d) Real expansion considers the change in pressure of the liquid.
33. A calorimeter is used for:
a) Measuring temperature changes.
b) Measuring the specific heat capacity of a substance.
c) Measuring the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction.
d) Measuring the latent heat of fusion.
34. A 50 g ice cube at -10°C is placed into 200 g of water at 20°C. What is the final temperature of the system if
no heat is lost to the surroundings? (Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g°C, latent heat of fusion of ice
= 334 J/g)
a) 0°C c) 15°C
b) 10°C d) 20°C
35. Calculate the heat required to raise the temperature of 200 grams of water from 20°C to 50°C. (Specific
heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g°C)
a) 25,080 J c) 12,540 J
b) 20,720 J d) 8,360 J
36. A sample of aluminum has an initial volume of 50 cm³ and a final volume of 55 cm³ when heated from 20°C
to 50°C. Calculate its linear expansivity. (Coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum = 2.4 × 10⁻⁵ °C⁻¹)
a) 1.10 × 10⁻⁵ °C⁻¹ c) 4.40 × 10⁻⁵ °C⁻¹
b) 2.40 × 10⁻⁵ °C⁻¹ d) 5.60 × 10⁻⁵ °C⁻¹
37. Describe an experiment to measure the latent heat of fusion for a given substance.
a) Place the substance in a calorimeter and measure the temperature change.
b) Apply heat to the substance until it changes phase, then measure the heat input and mass change.
c) Measure the temperature change of the substance when placed in contact with a known mass of water.
d) Heat the substance and measure the temperature change, then compare it to a control substance.
38. How does the latent heat of vaporization differ from the specific heat capacity?
a) Latent heat of vaporization is the energy required to change a substance's state, while specific heat
capacity is the energy required to change its temperature.
b) Latent heat of vaporization is the energy required to change a substance's temperature, while specific
heat capacity is the energy required to change its state.
c) Latent heat of vaporization is measured in joules, while specific heat capacity is measured in degrees
Celsius.
d) Latent heat of vaporization is the energy required to change a substance's volume, while specific heat
capacity is the energy required to change its shape.
39. What is the purpose of a calorimeter in experiments involving heat?
a) To measure temperature changes
b) To measure the specific heat capacity of a substance
c) To measure the heat energy absorbed or released during a chemical reaction
d) To measure the volume of a substance