®

tpsUtil

USER MANUAL

© 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

F. James Rohlf
Table of Contents 2

1. Introduction 3
1.1 Contents ............................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 How to get started using this software ............................................................................. 4

2. Program windows 5
2.1 Main dialog window ........................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Image files window ............................................................................................................. 8
2.3 Add variable window .......................................................................................................... 8
2.4 Append files window .......................................................................................................... 9
2.5 Delete or reorder specimens ............................................................................................ 10
2.6 Delete/reorder landmarks ................................................................................................ 11
2.7 Convert tps/nts files .......................................................................................................... 12
2.8 Split NTS file by rows ........................................................................................................ 13
2.9 Split TPS file by specimens ............................................................................................... 14
2.10 Make link file ..................................................................................................................... 15
2.11 Make sliders file ................................................................................................................. 16
2.12 Unbending specimens ....................................................................................................... 16
2.13 Make paired landmarks file .............................................................................................. 17
2.14 Area & perimeter .............................................................................................................. 18

3. Technical support 20
3.1 Credits ................................................................................................................................ 21
3.2 Technical support .............................................................................................................. 21
3.3 Updates .............................................................................................................................. 21
3.4 Uninstalling this program ................................................................................................. 22

4. Glossary 23
4.1 Glossary .............................................................................................................................. 24

Index 25

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Introduction
Introduction 4

1 Introduction
1.1 Contents

How to get started using this software

Main dialog window
Uninstalling this program
Credits
Technical support
Updates

Glossary

1.2 How to get started using this software

The purpose of this program is to provide various file conversion and other utility functions to help one
manipulate the TPS files that are used in my tps series of morphometric programs.
From the main dialog window, one should first select an operation to be performed because this
influences the types of input and output files that can be selected. Then select an input and an output file. Note
that for some operations only the input directory name is needed. In this case select any file in that directory.
Because this program performs such a miscellaneous collection of operations, they are hard to describe here
in summary form. Browse this help file to find the descriptions of the things this program can do.
Next click on the button labeled either “Create” or “Compute”. If the button is labeled “Create” then that
means that the output file will be produced immediately. For most of the operations the button will be labeled
“Compute” and another window will open that will allow you to select various options before you click on its
“Create” button to actually produce the output file.
Both 32 bit and 64 bit versions of the program are available (though 64 bit are probably seldom needed
by this software).
On some computers there may be a problem when the program attempts to save configuration
information in an INI file. You can add the -E parameter to the Windows shortcut icon to force the program to
save the INI file in the same directory as the program itself.

I hope you find this program useful. Please contact me if you would like additional features.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

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2 Program windows
2.1 Main dialog window

This window consists of four sets of controls and a menu.

In the operation region there is a drop-down list in which one can select the desired operation to be
performed.
Build, append, split, or rearrange specimens in a file:
1. “Build tps file from images” will open a new window with all of the graphic files in the input
directory presented in a list box. Select one or more of them and click the “Create” button to
create a new TPS file. The new file will contain only a “LM=0” field and an “image=” field
corresponding to each of the selected graphics files. An option is available to store just the
image file name or the complete path to the image file.
2. “Randomly order specimens” will scramble the order of the specimens in a TPS file. It will store
the original sequence number in the variables field for each specimen using the keyword
“OrigNum”.
3. “Restore original order” will reorder the specimens in a TPS file back into their original order
using the “OrigNum” keyword in the variables field.
4. “Delete/reorder landmarks” will open a new window listing the landmarks (landmark numbers).
You can delete landmarks and/or reorder them. All specimens must have the same number of
landmarks.
5. “Split NTS file” will open a window that will allow you to separate an NTS rectangular matrix into a
series of separate matrices all in the same file. The purpose of this is, for example, to break
apart a combined partial warp scores matrix into separate matrices for each original group.
6. “Split TPS file” will take a TPS file apart and write each specimen to a separate file with the same
name as its image file (but with an extension of .TPS).
7. “Append files” will open a new window with the names of all the TPS or NTS files in the selected
directory. You can change the order of the files and exclude files. The remaining files will be
combined and saved in the output file. Optionally, you can also produce a group ID file (an NTS
file with the group number of each specimen in the combined file) and a group N file (an NTS file
with the sample sizes of each group)..

Convert file format, add or create file of variables:

8. “Convert tps/nts file” will convert landmark coordinates into different file formats. Input TPS files
can be converted to NTS files and NTS files can be converted to TPS, M (Matlab), or CSV (Excel) file
formats. It will open a new window to provide options. Note: for this conversion all specimens
must have the same number of landmarks and dimensions except for the conversion of TPS
files to NTS files if the “Separate matrices” checkbox is checked. Curve and outline points are
ignored.
9. “Add variable” opens a window in which one can specify a keyword and a value to be entered in
the variables field for every specimen in the input file.
10. “Build variable matrix” will create a output file compatible with the NTS, M, or CSV formats. The
file will contain a row for each specimen and a column for each keyword in the variables field of
the input TPS file. The values (which should be numeric) will be stored as elements of this
matrix. The operation is useful, for example, to automatically build a matrix of independent
variables for use by the tpsRegr program. The order of the variables in the first specimen is used
as the order of the columns in the output matrix. The program will check for variables used in
subsequent specimens that were not used in the first specimen. Variables used in the first
specimen but not in some of the subsequent specimens will be given a value of 999.

Delete or reorder landmarks, convert curves and outlines:

11. "Delete/reorder landmarks" opens a window where you can delete or reorder landmarks. The
change applies to all specimens.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Program windows 7

12. “Delete outlines & curves” will remove any outlines or hand drawn curves from a tps file.
13. “Convert tps XY outline to landmarks” will delete any landmarks present and treat the outline x,y
coordinates as the coordinates of landmarks.
14. “Append tps curves to landmarks” will append points along curves (points marked with the
pencil tool in tpsDig) as landmarks in addition to any existing landmarks. The number of curves
must be the same for all specimens. In addition, the number of points on the corresponding
curves must be the same for all specimens (e.g., the number of points on the 2nd curve must be
the same on all specimens).

Miscellaneous operations:
15. "Make landmark pairs file" will create an NTS file listing the paired landmarks. I can also save a
file in which the landmark configurations have been reflected (needed as one step in further
analysis).
16. “Make links file” will display a window in which one can specify pairs of landmarks to be
connected by a link in the visualization windows of some of the tps programs.
17. “Make sliders file” will display a window in which one can specify which landmarks are to be
treated as semilandmarks by letting them slide between two other points.
18. “Unbend specimens” performs a specialized operation that is not expected to be appropriate for
most datasets. It will open a window in which you can define a set of points to be fit by a
quadratic curve. Then a matrix of transformed coordinates is produced using perpendicular
projections of the landmarks onto this curve. Curve and outline points are ignored.
19. "Compute area & perimeter" computes the are enclosed by a set of selected landmarks and the
perimeter. These will be in pixels unless a scale factor is present and selected. Circularity,
4 A / P 2 , is also computed.
20. “List images in TPS file” will simply list the names of all the images in the selected TPS file in
the output listing window as well as writing it to a CSV file that can be imported into Excel.
21. "Remove path from image name" will change the IMAGE= field in a tps file to just the file name
rather than the full path to the file. In order to use the resulting file with tpsDig or tpsSuper this
.TPS file will have to located in the same directory as the image files.
In the Input file region there is a button to allow one to specify the name of the input TPS file. For the “Build
TPS file from images” option one should select any file in the desired directory. In the Output file region there is
a button for the specification of the name to be given to the output file.
In the actions region one can select “Compute” to actually carry out the operation or “Close” to exit the
program.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

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2.2 Image files window

This window displays the names of all of the graphics file. Initially they are all have their checkboxes
checked. You can uncheck the boxes of files you do not want to include. The “Select all” and “Select none”
buttons allow one to quickly check or uncheck all of the names. To select a range of file names, click on one
file name and then hold down the shift key and then select another file name. To select an arbitrary
combination of files hold down the Control key and then click on the desired files. The “Sort” button can be
used to sort the names in alphabetical order. When done, click the “Create” button to create a new TPS file
listing the names of all of the selected graphics files.
For each selected image file, two lines will be added to the file. The first line is “LM=0”. The second line
will be “IMAGE=xxx”, where “xxx” is the name of an image file. If the “Include path?” box is checked then the
complete path to the image file will be stored in the TPS file.

2.3 Add variable window

This window allows you to specify a keyword and its value to add to the variables field for every specimen
in a TPS file. While not required by this software, the value should be numeric for processing by software such
as tpsRegr or NTSYSpc. Note that only one keyword=value entry can be added each time this operation is
performed. One can, of course, run the tpsUtil program several times.
Of course to be useful, different specimens should have different values for the variables. One may wish
to first build TPS files with the groups in separate files and then combine them into a single file after using this
software to add the appropriate variable fields.
Click on the “Create” button to actually make the addition or the “Cancel” button to close this window with
no changes made.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Program windows 9

2.4 Append files window

This window lists all of the TPS or NTS files in the specified directory (depending on the extension given
for the name of the output file). Using the buttons at the right you can change the order of the files (select a file
with the mouse and then move it up or down in the list). Files can also be excluded from the output file by
unchecking them or by selecting them with the mouse and then clicking on the “Exclude” button. You can
include a file again by clicking on the checkbox or by selecting it and then clicking on the “Include” button. The
“Exc. All” and “Inc. all” buttons can be used to exclude or include all files. The “Sort” button can be used to sort
the names in alphabetical order. The input file type can be either TPS or NTS but the output file must be the
same type as the input.
Optionally, one can click on the “Group N” button to specify the name for a file in which the sizes of each
file being combined will be stored. This can be used by the “Split NTS file ” operation to recover the original
groups of specimens. The “Group ID file …” button can be used to specify the name for a file in which group ID
numbers will be placed. This will be an NTS file with one column and as many rows as there are specimens in
the combined files. For each specimen an integer number will be stored giving the number of the file to which it
originally belonged. This file can be used, for example, in NTSYSpc to give different plotting symbols to
specimens from different groups.
An example is shown below. Two files have been excluded. The files have not yet been arranged in the
desired order. A name for a group N file has been specified.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

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Click on the “Create” button to actually create the output file or the “Cancel” button to close this window
with no output file created. If a groupN or groupID file was specified then it is created at the same time as the
appended file.
2.5 Delete or reorder specimens

This window lists the specimen numbers, ID codes, and image file names (if present in the tps file) for
the specimens in the input file. You can highlight a specimen and then using the buttons at the right to move
the selected specimen up or down in the list. Specimens can be excluded from the output file by unchecking
them. You can include a landmark again by clicking on its checkbox. The input file type can be either tps or nts
but the output file must be the same type as the input.
An example is shown below. Specimens 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11 will not be included in the output when the
"create" button is clicked. In this example the selection of specimens was taken from the file
moqHarlich11Keep.nts. That file is shown below.

Click on the “Create” button to actually create the output file or the “Cancel” button to close this window
with no output file created.

The Keep/delete file for the example given above.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Program windows 11

In this file the first line is a header line. The first and third values must be a '1', the second is the number
of specimens in the data file, and the fourth value must be a zero. The remaining lines (one for each
specimen) contain a '1' if that specimen is to be kept in the output file or a "0" if not. At the bottom panel the
number of specimens remaining and the number of landmarks is displayed.

2.6 Delete/reorder landmarks

This window lists the identification numbers of the landmarks in the input file. You can highlight one or
more landmarks (holding down the shift or control keys while clicking with the mouse) and then using the
buttons at the right to move the selected landmarks up or down in the list. Landmarks can also be excluded
from the output file by unchecking them or by highlighting them with the mouse and then clicking on the
“Exclude” button. You can include a landmark again by clicking on its checkbox or by selecting it and then
clicking on the “Include” button. The input file type can be either tps or nts but the output file must be the same
type as the input.
An example is shown below. Landmarks 4 and 5 will be excluded from the output file and landmarks 6, 7,
and 8 will become landmarks 4, 5, and 6.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Program windows 12

.
Click on the “Create” button to actually create the output file or the “Cancel” button to close this window
with no output file created.
2.7 Convert tps/nts files

This operation allows one to convert a TPS file into NTS, CSV (comma separated variables file
compatible with Excel), or M (Matlab) files or an NTS file into TPS, CSV, or M files.
This window provides two options when the input is a TPS file: use the ID field or the name of the image
file for each specimen as the row label of the output file. One can also choose whether to apply the scale factor
to the landmark coordinates. For TPS files any outlines or curves are ignored and not copied to the output.
When the input is an NTS file the program may not be able to automatically determine whether 2D or 3D
coordinates are appropriate. That can be selected manually.
Click on the “Create” button to actually create the output file or the “Cancel” button to close this window
with no output file created.

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Program windows 13

The “NTS file” controls can also be used to write each specimen as a separate NTS matrix within the
output file and/or write the coordinates for each landmark on a separate line in the output file (that is why the
program allows one to "convert" from an NTS file to an NTS file).
If the input file is an NTS file and the output file is a TPS file then one may have to select the correct
number of dimensions (2D or 3D) for proper output as this sometimes cannot be determined out from the
input file.
2.8 Split NTS file by rows

This window allows one to specify the sizes of the matrices to be produced from the input NTS matrix.
Initially, the total number of rows in the matrix will be displayed at the left. To break a matrix of 100 rows into
three matrices of sizes 25, 25, and 50 simply replace the 100 by 25, 25, and 50 (with each value in a separate
row). As you make changes the status display will change to indicate the current number of groups, the sum of
their sample sizes, and the number of rows not yet allocated to a group. The “Create” button will not be
enabled unless the sum of the sample sizes is equal to the original number of rows (and hence the number to
be allocate is zero).
The buttons for loading and saving “Group N” allow one to save and restore this list of group sizes. Such
a file can be produced by the “Append files ” operation. This will allow one to easily combine and then separate
datasets (e.g., when extracting separate W matrices for each group after having performed an overall GPA).
An example is shown below. Only 600 of the 812 rows have been allocated so far and thus the “Create”
button is disabled until another 212 are allocated.

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Click on the “Create” button to actually create the output file or the “Cancel” button to close this window
with no output file created.
The “Output format” controls can be used to output the file with the coordinates for just one landmark on
each line. In order to do this the program needs to know whether there are two or three coordinates per
landmark.

2.9 Split TPS file by specimens

This window allows one to specify the sizes of the matrices to be produced from the input NTS matrix.
Initially, the total number of rows in the matrix will be displayed at the left. To break a matrix of 100 rows into
three matrices of sizes 25, 25, and 50 simply replace the 100 by 25, 25, and 50 (with each value in a separate
row). As you make changes the status display will change to indicate the current number of groups, the sum of
their sample sizes, and the number of rows not yet allocated to a group. The “Create” button will not be
enabled unless the sum of the sample sizes is equal to the original number of rows (and hence the number to
be allocate is zero).
The buttons for loading and saving “Group N” allow one to save and restore this list of group sizes. Such
a file can be produced by the “Append files ” operation. This will allow one to easily combine and then separate
datasets.
An example is shown below. All 55 of the specimens have been allocated to three groups so the “Create”
button is enabled.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Program windows 15

Click on the “Create” button to actually create the output file or the “Cancel” button to close this window
with no output file created.
2.10 Make link file

This utility is to enable one to build a link file graphically. The locations of the landmarks on the first
specimen in a TPS or NTS file is displayed. With the mouse, one can draw links between any pairs of
landmarks. When drawing the program will display a “rubber band” line and will beep when you are sufficiently
close to another landmark so that one can lift the left mouse button to end the current link.
To delete the last link drawn, right-click on an unused portion of the background. To delete a specific link,
right-click on it.
An example is shown below.

The “Load links” button can be used to load an existing NTS link file if you wish to make minor changes
rather than starting all over. Note the links file is just an ASCII file so you can also just edit it directly.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Program windows 16

2.11 Make sliders file

This utility is to enable one to build a “sliders” file graphically. This file defines how semilandmarks can
be slide so as to minimize bending energy during a generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) superimposition.
The locations of the landmarks on the first specimen in a TPS or NTS file are displayed. With the mouse, one
can draw links between any triplets of landmarks. The middle landmark of a triplet is then considered a
semilandmark (it will be displayed using an open circle) and it will be allowed to slide in a direction parallel to
the difference between the other two landmarks.
When drawing the program will display a “rubber band” line and will beep when you are sufficiently close
to a second landmark and that link will turn yellow and a new “rubber band” line will be displayed. The program
will beep again when you are sufficiently close to a third landmark so that one can lift the left mouse button to
end the current link. To define a curve made up of many semilandmarks, simply define a series of overlapping
triplets of points. While one can draw these links in any way that makes sense, a point can only be defined
once as a semilandmark, i.e., it can only be used once as the middle point of a triplet.
To delete the last link drawn, right-click on an unused portion of the background. To delete a specific link,
right-click on it.
An example is shown below.

The “Load Semi.” button can be used to load an existing sliders NTS file if you wish to make minor
changes rather than starting all over. Note the sliders file is just an ASCII file so you can also just edit it directly.

2.12 Unbending specimens

This module performs a simple transformation of a configuration of landmarks that may be useful in
some special situations. What it does is to fit a quadratic curve through a designated set of landmarks and
then “unbends” the entire configuration so that the estimated quadratic curve becomes a horizontal straight
line. This module was written to adjust for the fact that some fish tend to curve when they die – especially
when by suffocation. This condition is also found in fossil fish where one cannot physically straighten them
before measurement. An example is shown below.

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In this example, the four blue points (along the backbone) were used to fit the quadratic curve and the
remaining landmarks are shown as black points. The first and last points used for the curve are used to rotate
the configuration (horizontal dotted line). The blue dotted curve shows the fitted function. For these data the
points fit the curve remarkably well. The new x-coordinates are the perpendicular projections of each point and
the y-coordinates are the perpendicular deviations of each point from the curve. The transformed coordinates
are shown as red points. Note: the points used to define the curve will not be perfectly aligned after the
transformation unless they perfectly fit the quadratic curve. There are also arrows between the original points
and their new positions but they are hard to see unless the displacement is very large. In some cases, such
as the present example, no fixed landmarks are available along the backbone. In such cases one can enter
sliding semilandmarks that can be adjusted later (using the tpsRelw program) or perhaps even deleted from
the dataset once an appropriate unbending has been achieved for the other landmarks.
The “Curve pts.” button is used to load an NTS file that lists the landmarks to be used to define the curve.
An example is shown below. In this example, four landmarks (6, 7, 8, and 3) were used to define the curve. The
first and last points should define the two ends of the curve (left to right). The order of the other points does not
matter.
" 3k backbone file
1 4 1 0
6
7
8
3
Once the curve points have been defined, the “Unbend” button will be enabled. Clicking on it performs the
computations. The “Preview” control allows you to scroll through the specimens to determine whether the
unbending operation was reasonable for your data. You may need to resize the window in order to see the
entire plot. The R2 value near the bottom right gives a measure of the fit of the quadratic regression. Values
near 1 imply a good fit but do not mean much if the curve is very straight initially. A value of 0.0 will be given if
the points are already in a perfect straight line. The listing file gives more details about the fit. The “ID” value is
taken from the ID field of a TPS file or the row label of an NTS file.
The “Copy plot” button can be used to copy the current plot to the Windows clipboard as a metafile that
can be pasted into programs such as Word.
2.13 Make paired landmarks file

This module can be used in studies of symmetry and fluctuating asymmetry for both 2D and 3D data. The
main use of this module is to simply prepare a file in NTS format that lists the pairs of landmarks. It can also
output a file in which the landmark configurations have been reflected. A screen shot is shown below.

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In this example there are 8 landmarks and 55 specimens. The pairs defined so far are 6 – 1, 5 – 2, and 3
– 4. At the left is a preview plot of the landmarks for the first specimen in the file (this plot is available only for
2D data, its purpose is to provide feedback that you have defined the intended pairs of landmarks). Landmarks
on the left are shown in red and those on the right are shown in blue. Unpaired landmarks are shown in black.
The pairs are defined by dragging them from the upper list to their appropriate location in the table of pairs.
One can also drag them back to the upper list or between cells in the table. Blank rows in the table will be
automatically removed.
The "Reflected" button creates a file with the coordinates of the paired landmarks reflected (for 2D data
the y-coordinate is multiplied by –1 and for 3D data the z-coordinate is multiplied by –1).
The "Copy plot" button copies the current plot to the Windows clipboard as a Windows metafile that can
be pasted into Word or many graphics programs.
2.14 Area & perimeter

Computes the area and perimeter of a region enclosed by selected landmarks. The units will be in pixels
unless the use of a scale factor is selected. The output will be an .nts file.

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The landmarks need to be ordered consecutively around the area of interest. Selected landmarks can be
moved up or down in the list to put them in an appropriate order. Irrelevant landmarks can be excluded from
the computations by removing their check mark.

A measure of circularity, 4 A / P 2 , is also computed, where A and P are the area and perimeter.

The first few lines of an output file are shown below.

Note that "E+0005", for example, means to multiply the value at its left by 10 raised to the 5th power. E-0001
means to divide by 10.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Technical support
Technical support 21

3 Technical support
3.1 Credits

This software was developed by

F. James Rohlf, Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University of New
York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4364.
e-mail: [email protected]
The development of this software has been supported in part by a series of grants to F. James Rohlf from
the National Science Foundation.
Waleed Gharaibeh inspired the initial creation of this program. Numerous users have offered
suggestions for new features.
To cite the use of this software in a publication, please list it in your bibliography in the following form
(inserting, of course, the appropriate year and version number for your copy of the software):
Rohlf, F. J. 2015. tpsUtil, file utility program. version 1.61. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University
of New York at Stony Brook.
One can also cite the entire tps series of software as follows:
Rohlf FJ. 2015. The tps series of software. Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy, 26:1-4.

The paper can also be downloaded from the journal at:

http://www.italian-journal-of-mammalogy.it/

3.2 Technical support

For help with this program contact

F. James Rohlf, Department of Ecology & Evolution and the Department of
Anthropology, Stony Brook University, NY 11794-4364.
e-mail
e-mail: [email protected]
You may also be able to get help by posting questions to the morphmet listserver:
[email protected]. This list is maintained by Dr. Dennis Slice.

3.3 Updates

Updates of this program will be made available from the morphmet directory of the server at
Life.Bio.SUNYSB.edu. The most convenient way to access this server is via the morphometrics WWW home
WWW
page at http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/morph (this will also give you a chance to see other
morphometric software currently available).
Announcements of bug fixes and other significant changes in the program will be distributed via the
morphmet listserver at morphmet.org. This list is maintained by Dr. Dennis Slice.
Changes:

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Technical support 22

Version 1.74: The list of specimens to be kept or deleted can now be read from a file.
Version 1.73: Recompiled using Delphi DX10.1 and add computation of perimeter and circularity in addition
to areas.
Version 1.61: Recompiled using Delphi XE8 and created both 32 bit and 64 bit versions.
Version 1.58: Added more support for output as .CSV files.
Version 1.56: Added image file names to the delete/reorder specimens dialog box.
Version 1.51: Rewrote the convert tps/nts option so that it will now actually perform the conversions.
Version 1.48: Recompiled using Delphi XE2, fixed problem with conversion of NTS to TPS files, and added
a new color theme.
Version 1.46: Allowed for more than one curve to be appended to the landmarks.
Version 1.40: Added the list images and split TPS file options. Also fixed a bug in the unbending option
when the points happened to align perfectly before the unbending was attempted.
Version 1.34: Added M and CSV output to the build variable matrix operation.
Version 1.33: Fixed a number of small problems and changed several listboxes into checkboxes. Added
“Sort” buttons to the build tps file and append windows.
Version 1.24: Added module to define pairs of landmarks and enhanced several other modules such as
the one to delete and/or reorder landmarks.
Version 1.22: Added modules to treat outlines or curves as landmark points.
Version 1.18: Added module to unbend a configuration. Also made some changes to the input and output
of the append, split, and convert modules.
Version 1.16: Added modules to create link and sliders files. Also extended the convert and the split
modules.
Version 1.12: Added “Split NTS file” option. Added “create group ID file” to the append window.
Version 1.11: Added option to save tps files in NTS, M, or CSV formats.
Version 1.10: Added option to delete outlines and curves.
Version 1.06: Fixed several bugs.
Version 1.02: Added options to add a keyword to the variables field, create an NTS matrix from the
information in the variable field, and to create a combined file by appending TPS files.
Version 1.01: Added option to build tps file from directory containing image files.
Version 1.00: Initial release, October 2000.

3.4 Uninstalling this program

You can use the Windows Add/Remove icon in the Control Panel to uninstall this program. or else the
uninstall icon. Data files will not be removed.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Glossary
Glossary 24

4 Glossary
4.1 Glossary

Bookstein (1991)

See the more extensive glossary available from the web pages at http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/morph.

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf

Index 25

Make link file 15

-A- Make paired landmarks file

Make sliders file 16
17

MATLAB m file 12
Add variable window 8
Append files window 9
Asymmetry 17
-N-
-B- NTS file format 12, 13, 14

Build variable matrix 6

-O-
-C- Outlines 6

Cite 21
Contents 4
-P-
Convert 6, 12 placeKendall shape space 4
Convert tps/nts files 12
Credits 21
CSV file 12 -Q-
Curves 6
Quadratic regression 16

-D- -R-
Delete/reorder landmarks 11
Reflect coordinates 17
Removing this program 22
-G-
Glossary 24 -S-
Sliders file 16
-H- Split NTS file by rows
Symmetry 17
13, 14

How to get started using this software 4

-T-
-I- Technical support 21
Image files window 8
Introduction 4
-U-
-L- Unbending specimens 16
Uninstalling this program 22
Link file 15 Updates 21

-M- -V-
Main dialog window 6 Versions 21

tpsUtil © 2003-18 by F. James Rohlf