Chapter 1 - A Traffic Nightmare

Difficult Words

Protest ---------------- disapproval, to object

Squeezed --------------- exert pressure, to force
Hitherto --------------- until this time, up to now
Inconvenient ----------- causing trouble, difficulty

Inhabitants ------------ person who lives in a place

Monitor ---------------- person or device for checking, watch closely

Install ---------------- place in position

Die down --------------- become fewer
Pedestrian ------------- person who goes on feet
Question and Answers

Q.1 Why are the residents of Beach Road protesting against the new traffic arrangements’?

Ans. The residents of Beach road are protesting against the new traffic arrangements
because they were facing great difficulties due to them. This road used to be one-way and
there was very light traffic on this road. Now the situation has become completely changed.
It has been turned into two-way road and heavy traffic is passing from here.

Q.2 why are parents and their children facing problems in picking and dropping?
Friendsmania.net
Ans. There are many schools on this road. Parents are facing problems in parking. The
students are having great difficulties in parking. The students are getting late for schools. It
has also become very risky for the younger students to go to their schools.

Q.3 what are the reasons that authorities are not paying any attention to the citizens?

Ans. The authorities do not have any resources to provide any facility to the citizens. They
have the opinion that the protest will be die down soon.

Q.4 what are the citizens doing for press their demands?

Ans. The citizens are doing their best to press for their demand. They are conducting
meetings, processions, press conferences and sending their delegates to the concerned
authorities.

Q.5 what evidence is there to show that the residents of Beach Road are against the new
traffic arrangements?

Ans. The residents of Beach Road are against the new traffic arrangements and it is obvious
due to their protest against it through holding meetings, processions, press conferences and
sending their delegates to the concerned.

Q.6 what do you think the conclusion will be?

Ans. The conclusion will be the same it always happens in developing country like Pakistan.
The authorities do not pay any attention to the citizen’s demands and protest. The officers
consider themselves as master and people as their slaves.

Chapter 2 - Gentle Giants

Difficult Words

Images ------------------------- pictures, mental pictures

Offspring ---------------------- child, young

Rip ---------------------------- tear

Ramp --------------------------- to play about energetically

Charge ------------------------- attack

Clamber ------------------------ to climb with difficulty

Spoiling ----------------------- showing great affection for

Enclosure ---------------------- place surrounded by a wall

Inoffensive animals ------------ animals that are harmless

Dies hard ---------------------- It is difficult to forget

Adored grand-children ---------- grand-children that are greatly loved

Questions and Answers

Q.1 What did make the bad reputation of gorillas according to the lesson "Gentle Giants"?

Ans. Some pictures in which the gorillas have been shown as wild creatures and in some
movies they have been shown dangerous to men made the bad reputation o gorillas. In the
book of an American explorer about hunting gorillas contained many pictures in which
gorillas are in ferocious state.

Q.2 How do gorillas live in the thick forests of Africa?

Ans. Gorillas are almost vegetarian and spend their days eating leaves and juicy stems in
the thick forest of Africa.

Q.3 Describe the nature and behavior of gorillas according to lesson "Gentle Giants"?

Ans. Gorillas are not hostile to man and other animals unless they are attacked or treated
badly. They also become hostile and fierce whey they are kept separated in the cages from
their families.

Q.4 how do the gorillas bring up their children?

Ans. The gorillas love their children too much. They are vegetarians. They don't attack on
other animals. They have kind nature and love specially children. They even try to play and
show their mischievous behavior.
Q.5 Why did the author David Attenborough want to tell us about gorillas and saying them
"Gentle Giants"?

Ans. The author David Attenborough wanted to clear the misconceptions and tell the nature
of gorillas so he called them "Gentle Giants". In this way the author is trying to convince the
readers that the gorillas are big animals but they are not harmful to man and for other
animals.

Q.6 what is the procedure that is being used to keep the animals in the zoological gardens?

Ans. Scientific methods and techniques are being used to keep the animals in zoological
gardens, a natural environment is provided to keep the animals their survival. All the
animals are treated with love and become non aggressive.

Q.7 what is future of gorillas according to the lesion "Gentle Giants"?

Ans. gorillas are becoming endangered in the wild life. No more than a few thousand low
land gorillas like jumbo still survive. His slightly bigger, shaggier relatives, the mountain
gorilla are now reduced to only few hundred. Man has destroyed the forests on which they
depend. The hunting of gorillas becoming common therefore the future of gorilla is in
danger.

Chapter 3 - The Age of the Probot

Difficult Words

Slumber -------------------- sleep

Strenuous ------------------ energetic, needing energy
Profound ------------------- deep
Demonstrate ---------------- to show by doing practical

Portray -------------------- to show, to describe

Whisk ---------------------- to move quickly
Utopia --------------------- imaginary perfect world
Extensive ------------------ very vast
Formidable ----------------- difficult
Chore ---------------------- piece of routine work
Question and Answers

Q.1 Why computers are becoming common now days?

Ans. Computers are helping us in calculation, drawing pictures, keeping the records, making
some analysis and so many other purposes. In other words you can say computer is helping
us in every field of life that is why they are becoming so common now-a-days.

Q.2 what is probot and what is the difference between a robot and a probot?

Ans. A probot is a modified form of personal computer, which is made by fitting some
moving parts and wheels of machine in a shape like a man for doing different purposes.

Q.3 what household chores can a robot do?

Ans. A robot can almost do all the household chores, for example, dusting, washing,
cooking, guarding the house, teaching the children and entertaining the people and many
more.

Q.4 why can people sleep soundly at their home?

Ans. The robot can guard homes efficiently so people can sleep soundly in their homes.

Q.5 what are the benefits of an industrial robot? What will happen in the world if many
robots are started to use in different industries?

Ans. Industrial robots are designed to do different kind of works in industries. One industrial
robot has ability to do the work of ten men. Industrial robots can increase the gross national
product of a country and they can make to do work more easily. If the trend of using so
many industrial robots become common in the world then the whole world will be suffered
by the dangerous problems of unemployment.

Q.6 what type of robot will produce the changes in the standard of living of people?

Ans. The type of robot, will produce the great changes in the standard of living of people, is
known as personal robot, which is called as Probot. A probot is basically a personal
computer with a body and if it is equipped with wheels, is enabled to move from one place
to another place. It can do many household works as well.

Q.7 How do you think that a probot is useful than an industrial robot?

Ans. A probot is more useful than an industrial robot because industrial robot is designed for
special kind of work while a probot will be used at every home and will be able to do many
household jobs simultaneously.

Chapter 4 - The Door Swings Open

Difficult Words

Nuisance ------------ person, thing or circumstance causing trouble or annoyance

Prevail ------------- 1.(often foll, by against, over) be victorious or gain 2. be the more usual
or predominant

Offend -------------- 1. cause offense to , upset 2. Displease, Anger

Student Body --------- all student member of college

Influential ---------- having great influence

Diffident ----------- shy, lacking self-confidence

Unanimously ---------- all in agreement (committee was unanimous)

Authorities ---------- favouring or enforcing strict obedience to authority

Question and Answers

Q.1 Why it is thought that man could be doctor according to the lesson "The Door Swings
Open"?

Ans. According to the lesson " The Door Swings Open" people thought that women were not
too strong that could bear the stress to become a doctor or could carry out their duties
properly as doctor.

Q.2 How did Elizabeth get admission in the medical college?

Ans. An influential and famous American doctor recommended her for the admission in
medical college. The administration could not refuse the doctor so they put the matter in
front of student union hoping that they would refuse her admission but unfortunately the
students gave their vote in favour so the administrator of college had to admit her in the
medical college.

Q.3 Why did college authorities not wish to give an admission in their medical college for a
woman?

Ans. the college authorities not wish to give an admission in the college for a woman
because they were influenced under the traditions of those days that a woman could not
perform her duties properly as doctor.

Q.4 What was the behaviour of the male students when the dean of the college introduced
Elizabeth as a female student?

Ans. The Dean of the college introduced Elizabeth to her classmates. The class numbering
about 150 students was composed largely of young men from neighbouring town. They all
become surprised and showed complete silence in the class room.

Q.5 What effects did appear in the presence of a woman student among the male students
in the medical college?

Ans. The male students were rude but after the admission of Elizabeth as a woman student
the whole situation was changed. Hence the presence of a lady proved to be more beneficial
in the discipline of the college than the rules.

Q.6 Now days are women treated equally with men in medical colleges or in other
professions?

Ans. Now a days women are working side by side with men. they are playing very active
role in modern society. They are playing an even increasing role in all kinds of careers and
professions. In hospitals we can see a lot of female doctors with male doctors working with
great devotion and love for their medical profession.
Chapter 5 - How to Study?
Difficult Words

Optimum ------------- best

Fatigue ------------- tiredness
Crest --------------- highest point
Adequate ------------ enough
Chip ---------------- cut
Relaxation ---------- rest
Conserve ------------ save
Exhausted ----------- tired, completely used up

Accord -------------- agreement

Odious -------------- hateful, horrible
Prejudice ----------- (unjust) feelings against someone

Varies -------------- differ, changes

Achieve ------------- get, obtain
Question and Answers

Q.1 Explain the term optimum in the context of the lesson "How to Study"?

Ans. The maximum learning for someone in a day, is called optimum. A student should keep
this principle of the optimum mind when he feel exhausted, he should sleep and stop
reading.

Q.2 What is the misunderstanding about study according to the author of the lesson "How
to Study"?

Ans. There are many misunderstandings about studying. Many students do not know about
the principles of studying. The author of the less "How to Study" explains an effective period
of study which is generally misunderstood by the student.

Q.3 What are the common misconceptions about studying and how best can we achieve our
optimum?
Ans. The common misconceptions are listed below:

1. The students study without knowing their most favourable period and effective period for
their study, which is called as optimum point.

2. The students cannot know the efficient functioning of mind.

3. Everyone tries to study but totally neglecting his physical approach and mental efficiency

We can achieve our optimum by discovering the most favourable period and the function of
mind.

Q.4 How can you differentiate between the working of mind and working of body?

Ans. People generally think that like body mind also gets rest during sleep, but this is a
wrong conception. Sleep just gives the rest to body while choosing a variety of work or
change of work only does the relaxation of mind.

Q.5 How can student realize that he has reached his optimum point?

Ans. When the mind is tired, student cannot concentrate on his studies and cannot learn
anymore. It is the sign that he has reached his optimum point of his study.

Q.6 How is mind compared to a storeroom?

Ans. Everything is arranged line wise in the storeroom. In the opinion of the author, the
mind is like storeroom. Its efficiency depends on the fact that how it is cataloged. When the
examinations are near new material should not be attempted because it cannot be
assimilated by mind however the revision should be beneficial.

Chapter 6 - The Tripods

Subdue ---------------- to conquer
Defy ------------------ disobey
Recruit --------------- people to work
Antagonist ------------ rival
Oppressor ------------- unjust ruler / disorders

Harness --------------- (to a cart) attach a horse

Vagrant --------------- tramp
Dominate -------------- to be obvious to rule
Feast ----------------- large meal
Choose the Correct Answer

For each of the bold words or phrases, two meanings are given. Choose the correct answer.

1. Capping was taken for granted by the young people on earth.

a) Welcomed

b) Treated as something ordinary

2. Feasting and celebration attended the capping.

a) Accompanied

b) Followed

3. I had misgivings about the practice of capping.

a) Trust in

b) Doubts

4. However, I kept silent because no one ever queried the information of capping.

a) Agreed on

b) Asked questions about

5. Defying my parents, I spoke to my parents.

a) Tricking

b) Disobeying

6. He explained that the Tripods were not our benefactors.

a) Leaders

b) Helpers
7. He said the Tripods were our oppressor.

a) Unjust rulers

b) Inferiors

8. I agree to journey to the White Mountains while Ozymandias looked for new recruits.

a) People to work for

b) People to join him

Question and Answers

Q.1 What is one of the changes in behaviour mentioned in the passage, that show one is
becoming an adult?

Ans. One ceased to be a child and began to think for oneself show one is becoming an adult.
It usually occurred at the age of fourteen.

Q.2 Why did no one ever raise the question of whether capping was right or wrong?

Ans. No one ever queried the rightness of capping because for them it was an expected and
looked for thing accompanied with feasting and celebration.

Q.3 How did the tripods dominate the human mind?

Ans. For brain washing the human beings and dominating on their minds the tripods used
special type of mashes of silvery metal filled in caps which were closely fixed around the
skulls and they were woven into the flesh of the humans. All the boys and girls when
attained the age of fourteen years were compulsorily capped and even such a thing was
attended by large number of friends and relatives by feasting and celebrations.

Q.4 In the world ruled over by the Tripods what kinds of people were called vagrants and
how they behaved?

Ans. Due to some technical defects in capping process some of the people could not by
controlled by telepathy. Their mind refused to accept the conditions of the Tripods. They
traveled from place to place. They did not remain in one place for a long time. they never
looked after by the tripods and even capped human beings also disliked them. These
vagrants were building anti-tripods thinking among the capped people so that to over
through the tripods.

Q.5 What do you know about Ozymandias the vagrant?

Ans. Ozymandias was a big, a red haired bearded man. He was a romantic man interested
in poetry and singing songs. He was not very intelligent and could not differentiate between
sense and non-sense. In true sense he was posing as vagrant so that he could freely travel
through the land without being challenged. He wore a bogus cap to cheat the people and
the tripods. He openly told the people that tripods were enemies of human beings and they
were Alien invaders and not all benefactors of human beings.

Q.6 What had probably caused the ruin of great cities?

Ans. Some natural calamity such as earth quakes, floods or epidemics caused the ruin of
the great cities or they were destroyed in war.

Chapter 7 - The Great Jewel Robbery

Postpone --------------- delay
Detective -------------- a person who investigate

Champaign -------------- organized method of working

Sufficient ------------- enough

Commit ----------------- carry out a crime
Compensation ----------- payment for the damage

Establish -------------- set up

Question and Answers

Q.1 What sort of evidences the police tries to collect after a crime has been committed?

Ans. Police attaches great importance to interview the eyewitnesses who were present at
the time at place of committed crime. They as the victims of the crime if they could identify
the criminals, if not, whether the eyewitnesses describe the features and appearance of the
criminals. The license number car/vans/motorcycles used by the criminals if read by the
victims of crime then they should be noted. Next their owners should be located and
interviewed. People living in the neighbourhood of the spot of crime are also included in the
investigation. All such steps are taken to have a clue to lead to hide out the criminals.

Q.2 Is it necessary for the police to visit the scene of the crime after the criminals have
already escaped?

Ans. Whatever degree of intelligence a criminal possesses he/she bound to commit some
mistake in his/her haste to escape from the spot of crime. He/she may leave some clue
behind which may help police to chase the criminal or by smelling such things by police
dogs the way of escaping criminals can be traced. The criminals may leave behind things
like handkerchief visiting card or cover of the cartridge used for shooting or some
fingerprints etc. Hence the police and detectives should visit the crime spot to find such
clues even after the crime.

Q.3 What sorts of people are interviewed by Police after crime has been committed?

Ans. Police keeps a list of habitual criminal their fingerprints, etc. so to have a clue to trace
the criminals. Some such history sheets are interviewed tactfully. Further in interviews the
staff of the organization or shop in which crime is committed is included to find out whether
the accomplice of the criminals is not a disloyal member of the shop. Sometimes the
watchman and other staff members co-operate with criminals in committing crimes so such
people have also to be interviewed and interrogated.

Q.4 Why police takes written statements from the people to interview?

Ans. Police takes written statements to contract an investigation plan to ponder over and to
discuss in order to have a clue to locate the criminals.

Q.5 How police detects that a statement is not truthful?

Ans. Police interviews and obtains the statements of some selected witnesses or the person
who in some way know some facts of the crime. Then they record them in one file and
compare them. In this comparison if they find that a particular statement is quite different
from all other statements then they come to know that the statement is untrue and it
makes further queries from the maker of such statement to find the truth or clue to trace
the criminals.

Q.6 What do you think the police do with the statements and other evidence they collect?
Ans. The police examine the evidence thoroughly and try to establish certain links which
might lead them to reach the criminals. Without the evidence and eyewitness accounts, it is
almost impossible for the police to solve the mystery of a crime

Q.7 What might be reasons behind a crime/

Ans. There might be a single reason or a number of reasons behind a crime. An important
single reason is that crimes are mostly committed for the sake of money. The criminals
want big money without any labour. They want to become rich over night. The other reason
might include animostly, hatred, prejudice, jealousy and revenge. Of these animosity or
enmity is the most powerful driving force which is only second to the greed of wealth.
Q.8 Would you consider it sufficient for the police to interview and obtain a statement from
one person only? Give reasons for your answers.

Ans. It is deficient to interview and obtain a statement from only one person. In fact, the
more people they interview, the more information they get. If there are clashes between
the statements of the people, they might also be removed after talking to many people.

Chapter 8 - London Road

Difficult Words

Inevitable --------------------- unavoidable

Mournfully --------------------- sadly
Taunted ------------------------ hurt
Echoes ------------------------- repeated sounds

Familiar ----------------------- well known

Reluctance --------------------- unwillingness

Vainglorious ------------------- very proud / arrogant

Gnarled ------------------------ rough

Propelled ---------------------- persuaded to leave

Question and Answers

Q.1 What was the part of the writer's life that he closed forever?

Ans. The days passed in the village where he grew up and got education in the school were
ended. The period of his country life is closed for good.

Q.2 How did writer's mother feel about his leaving home and how did she sow her feelings?

Ans. The writer's mother felt sorrow about his leaving home. Her three daughters and a son
had already left her. She showed her feelings by looking at him progressively without saying
any words just raising her hand in farewell and blessing.

Q.3 The writer says that before his departure his mother gave him only a long and
searching look. What do you think the look was searching for/
Ans. She was looking for his maternal love. She wanted that he did not go but she did not
utter a single word to convince him not to go.

Q.4 Do you think the writer's home life was a happy one?

Ans. No, the writer had spent months of restless unease before leaving home.

Q.5 Did the writer enjoy the feeling that he was now free?

Ans. When nobody stopped him from going, he became very pleased feeling himself free.
He was on his own. He could do what ever liked. He cherished his freedom.

Q.6 Quote the words that tell us that the writer had an optimistic nature?

Ans. He had an optimistic nature. His nature is exposed in these words : "Go where you will.
It's all yours. You asked for it. It's up to you now. You are on your won, and nobody's going
to stop you."

Q.7 Why did the writer spend months wandering about the hills before he left the home?

Ans. It is very hard task to leave one's native place forever. He loved the scenery and the
people of his country home. He, therefore, took many months to make the final decision of
going to London

Chapter 9 - Early Autumn

Difficult Words

Impulsively --------------------- without thinking

Bitter -------------------------- not sweet
Bursar -------------------------- person in charge of Finance of an school/college

Desperately --------------------- urgently

Grin ---------------------------- to smile, wide smile
Mist ---------------------------- thin fog
Avenue -------------------------- wide, tree-line road in a city
Utter --------------------------- to say
Shriek -------------------------- scream sound
Recognize ----------------------- identify as already known
Trifle -------------------------- thing of slight value or importance

Offend -------------------------- cause offense to, upset

Question and Answers

Q.1 Why did Mary and Bill not marry when they were young?

Ans. Although Mary and Bill were in love with each. They offended by something
unimportant. They stopped talking to each other and got away from each others life. Thus
they could not marry each other when they were young.

Q.2 What effect did this youthful breakup have on each of them?

Ans. Bill went away feeling bitter about woman. Mary impulsively got married with a man.
Bill settled as lawyer and married some girl. Bill did not seem to have had effects as he
forgot his affair with Mary soon. However, Mary seemed to have regretted for the break-up
between them. She looked old and unhappy. She did not sy anything about her husband
while Bill mentioned his wife's name too.

Q.3 Did marry and Bill show-similar emotions when they met after several years?

Ans. Mary seemed more emotional than Bill. It was Mary who spotted Bill and Mary thought
that Bill would kiss her because they had been in love with each other in the past. Bill only
restricted himself to shaking hands with Mary. Even Mary wanted to tell Bill something but
she did not have time or courage to do so. Bill was calm and composed and showed no
strong emotion.

Q.4 What might Mary want to Bill which she was unable to express?

Ans. I think Mary wanted to tell bill that she really regretted missing Bill. She did not look
happy with her marriage. The person to whom she married did not love her much. She
looked old and disturbed. She did not her husband's name or his profession.

Q.5 Make one question from this story for class discussion?

Ans. One question from the story comes to mind. The question is "Are love marriages more
successful?" students might make points for or against. Some people think love marriages
are mostly failures. Other thinks they are very successful. No hard and fast rule can be
made. It all depends on husbands and wives whether they have good understanding and
tolerance of each other or not. Love after marriage is more important than love before
marriage.

Chapter 10 - Charles
Difficult Words

Rude ---------------- impolite

Strain -------------- stress; physical tension
Renounce ------------ to give up officially

Swagger ------------- proud way of walking

Spank --------------- to beat; to smack on the behind

Insanely ------------ madly

Insolent ------------ rude
Choose the Correct Answer

For each of the bold words or phrases, three meanings are given. Choose the best answer.

1. Fresh

a) Recently printed or published

b) In fairly good condition

c) Disrespectful; impudent; bold and outspoken

2. (To) have your hands full

a) Be very busy; be occupied with many things

b) Receive many gifts; accept a number of presents

c) Life heavy things; move large objects

3. Haggard

a) Scholastic

b)Professional, bookish

c) Looking tired; weary and care worn

4. (To) Spank

a) Punish by striking or slapping

b) Say hello to someone

c) Write a shortly note

5. (To) take the name of the lord in vain

a) Swear or curse; use bad language

b) Call or advertise for help ; broadcast

c) Steal money and valuables from church; rob poor people

True and False

1. Laurie doesn't want his mother to treat him like a baby. (True)

2. Laurie's parents are not interested in his welfare or school life. (False)

3. Laurie's mother and Charles's mother know each other. (False)

4. Sometimes Charles seems to be very good, well behaved child. (True)

5. Charles never attended Kindergarten. (True)

Question and Answers

Q.1 What are the some characteristics of Laurie?

Ans. Laurie was a devilish genius for his age. He had a creative mind with evil designs. He
was naturally mischievous and he wanted to behave as thought about Charles. He was
rough in his attitude with his parents and baby sister. What he wanted to do and could not
do he attributed all such desired in the form of characteristics of the imaginary child
Charles.

Q.2 Did Laurie's mother ever meet Charles mother?

Ans. It was out of question because when Charles himself was an imaginary child then how
come his mother would exist.

Q.3 Why did Laurie's mother believe in cock and bull stories about Charles?
Ans. She loved her son so madly that regarded her son to be an angle-boy and believed
that Laurie was thousand times better than Charles and hence he deserved more affection
and favour less he would also become as Charles.

Q.4 What is PTA meeting? What are some of its activities?

Ans. A PTA is a parent teachers association. It's a type of get together where both parents
and teachers can discuss students problems.

Q.5 How does the teacher seem to react to "Charles"? What kinds of things does she have
him do in the classroom?

Ans. The teacher seems to react to Charles in a normal way. She punishes him slightly by
spanking him in a corner of the class room or staying there after the school. Then asked
him to give the crayons around and pick up the books.

Q.6 What are the some of the characteristics of Charles? How does Laurie let his parents
and teacher know what kind of person Charles is?

Ans. The characteristics of Charles are not different from Laurie as it is Laurie who invented
Charles. Charles is rude, badly behaved, naughty, free spirited, troublesome and
problematic. Laurie lets his parents and teacher know about Charles by his fictitious stories
about him.

Q.7 What is the moral of the story "Charles"?

Ans. Its moral is that "Extra affection spoils the child!" The parents should scold and check
the children if they behave insolently and become naughty other wise the children may
develop into a menace for the parents when they grow up.

Chapter 11 - The Man who had No

Eyes
Shaggy ----------------- With long hair
Splayed ---------------- turned outwards
Reminisce -------------- to recollect the memory about the past events.

Futile ----------------- useless

Boorish ---------------- rude
Haul ------------------- to pull with difficulty
Wearily ---------------- in a tired way

Question and Answers

Q.1 What is the difference in the description between the blind beggar and the insurance
salesman?

Ans. There was an obvious difference in the exterior of the blind beggar and the insurance
salesman. The blind beggar was shaggy, thick-necked and dirty. He wore black pouch slung
over his shoulder. In that pouch, he kept something (cigarette lighters) to sell. He assumed
the role of a professional beggar. The insurance salesman was young, handsome, neat and
clean and smartly dressed. He wore a clean and tidy gray suit and gray hat. He also kept
Malaeca stick with, as he was blind too.

Q.2 What did Mr. Parsons feel when he heard the blind man approach and why?

Ans. Mr. Parsons felt immense sympathy for the blind because he knew that pain and
misery of being as he himself got blind in an accident at his work.

Q.3 Why was blind beggar always eager to narrate his tale of how he lost his sight?

Ans. He always ready to narrate his story because he looked more a professional beggar
who always told his tragic stories to get money from people, arousing people's pity for him
and extracting money from them.

Q.4 Do you think Mr. parsons is blind? If yes, then how did you recognize who the beggar
was?

Ans. Yes, Mr. Parson he told that he was blind too. Besides, he also kept a stick with him
like other blind people. Mr. Parsons recognized the beggar's identity when he mentioned the
name of Westbury. Mr. Parsons even remembered the name of the blind man as Markwardt.
It was Markwardt who had trampled him to escape hurriedly from the place.

Q.5 What is the moral of the story?

Ans. The moral of the story is that a man who has the will can do great deeds even he is
handicapped.
Chapter 12 - Plan of Attack
Difficult Words

Inaudibly ---------------- which cannot be heard

Conscious ---------------- aware

Confess ------------------ admit some fault

Fetch -------------------- go and bring

Drag --------------------- to pull someone or something

Astonishing -------------- surprising

Improbable --------------- unlikely

Opportunity -------------- chance

Reference ---------------- hint

Eagerness ---------------- keenness

Existence ---------------- being; life

Anxiously ---------------- worried

Question And Answers

Q.1 Why did Ella McCarthy's dull afternoon suddenly brighten up?

Ans. Ella was sitting alone on a chair in Kensington Garden. There was no one to keep her
company. That's why spring afternoon seems dull to her. The she say Bertie coming towards
her. He was Ella's friend. On seeing Bertie, Ella's dull afternoon immediately turned bright.

Q.2 List three of Bertie's mother qualities. Give examples.

Ans. Bertie's mother's three qualities were maternal, interfering and inquisitive. She had a
bad habit of opening others letters and reading them. Bertie's mother actually wanted to
search for signs of youthful troubles and difficulties by reading her children's letters so that
she could help them out. Reading others' letters however is basically regarded as
interference in their private lives. Bertie and his sisters had quarreled with her about it a
number of times but she did not care about it. When she received Clovis's letter to Bertie in
the name of a girl, she became curious and started inquiring.
Q.3 What role did Clovis play in resolving Bertie's problem?

Ans. Clovis solved Bertie's problem by sending three thrilling letters in one day. In the first
letter he wrote to Bertie to be brave enough to get the jewels under the false name of girl
Clotilde. In the second letter, Bertie was congratulated on carrying out the act of killing the
girl effectively and warning him not to touch the jewels yet but to wait for some time. The
third letter clarified the whole situation so that person reading the private letters of others
might stop doing so and it certainly happened. In this way Clovis was triumphant at his
attempt attempt of helping Bertie.

Q.4 Who is most interesting character in this story?

Ans. I think Bertie is the most interesting character of this story. He is about twenty but he
can't solve a simple domestic problem. He could not convince his mother not to read his
private letters. He is sorry about it in front of his girl friend Ella and states the problem to
his friend Clovis. Bertie is, however, lucky to have a friend like Clovis who helps him get rid
of his problem.

Q.5 Why did Bertie's mother read all the letters that came to her home?

Ans. She thought it maternal to know each and everything about her children in order to
same them from any trouble of youth. She might also be of inquisitive nature.

Chapter 13 - The Story of An Hour

Difficult Words

Elusive ----------------- difficult to point out

Veiled ------------------ hidden
(To) haunt -------------- to return to mind mind repeatedly

Unwittingly ------------- unintentional

Tumultuously ------------ violent
Afflicted --------------- suffered from
Hastened ---------------- made a hurry
Twitter ----------------- chirp, sing (of birds)
Slender ----------------- weak
Exhaustion -------------- tiredness
Revealed ---------------- let out, disclosed
Distant ----------------- remote

Question and Answers

Q.1 What was Mrs. Mallard's first reaction to the news of her husband's alleged death?

Ans. She wept at once, with sudden wild abandonment in her sister Josephine's arms. She
rushed to her room and she stood facing the open window and sank into the armchair near
the window. The weather was bit cloudy and the spring season had set it. She looked
outside the window with empty eyes. She threw back her head upon the cushion of the
chair, calm and repressed. She expected that something was coming to her and she was
waiting for it.

Q.2 What was her later reaction?

Ans. She felt a sense of freedom from bondage, as she did not lead a happy married life.
She thought of the days ahead when she would live for herself.

Q.3 What words did she use to express her later feelings?

Ans. She said over and over under her breath with slightly parted lips. "Free, Free!" She
was staring and had a terrified facial expression. Meanwhile her pulse was beating fast.

Q.4 What is the surprise ending of the story?

Ans. Although she was very badly shocked to hear the news of death of her husband death
and was feeling that her unbearable grief would end her life, but she survived. She thought
about the agony of lonely, dreadful of many years as a widow. Then all of a sudden Brently
Mallard arrived from his outside tour. He was not on a train which faced accident. On his
appearance Louise was so much overjoyed that she died by an extreme shock of joy. So she
was killed by the great joy and not by the shock of alleged of her husband's death.

Q.5 What is the central idea of this story?

Ans. Sometimes extreme grief does not cause death but extreme joy can kill a person.
Death is certain irrespective of the fact whether it occurs by the shock of grief or by the
thunderbolt of an extreme joy.

Q.6 What is your idea about the married life of Mr. and Mrs. Mallard after reading this story?

Ans. Mr. Mallard and his wife were not passing the happy life. Mr. Mallard not love his wife
and she felt her alone and normally she had deep attraction to her husband.
Grammar B.com part 1
Summary of Punctuation Marks

Name :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::: Example

. Full stop / Period ------------------------------------------ I like English.

, Comma ------------------------------------------------------- I speak English, French and

Thai.

; Semi-colon -------------------------------------------------- I don't often go swimming; I

prefer to play tennis.

: Colon --------------------------------------------------------- You have two choices: finish the

work today or lose the contract.

- Hyphen ----------------------------------------------------- This is a rather out-of-date book.

_ Dash ------------------------------------------------------ In each town - London, Paris and

Rome - we stayed in youth hostels.

? Question Mark --------------------------------------------- Where is Shangrila?

! Exclamation Mark ------------------------------------------ "Help!" she cried. "I'm drowning!"
/ Oblique/Slash -------------------------------------------- Please press your browser's
Refresh/Reload button.

" Quotation Marks ------------------------------------------ "I love you," she said.

' Apostrophe ----------------------------------------------- This is John's car.

() Round Brackets ------------------------------------------ I went to Bangkok (my favourite

city) and stayed there for two weeks.

[] Square Brackets ----------------------------------------- The newspaper reported that the

hostages [most of them French] had been released.

... Ellipsis ----------------------------------------------- One happy customer wrote: "This is

the best program ... that I have ever seen."
Rules of Punctuation

The Period (Full Stop)

(a) Marks the end of a sentence (except for questions and exclamations.) A sentence is
complete unit of sense, which can stand on its own. (It may consist of only one word as in
greetings like "Hello." commands like "Stop." [Where the subject you is understood], and
replies like "No."

To test whether a group of words is a sentence, you should read it out to yourself. It
conveys a complete meaning, then you can probably put a period at the end.

(b) Indicates an abbreviation.

For Example Co. etc i.e. a.m.

Capital Letters

(a) At the beginning of every sentence.

(b) At the beginning of a passage of direct quotation (sec subsection 6 below)

(c) For proper nouns (i.e. names of particular persons, places, things) and for months of the
year and days of the week:

For example Jane, Africa, Sydney, July, Tuesday

(d) For adjectives derived from proper nouns (especially places and people) e.g. English,
French and Victorian (except for common compounds like Venetian blinds and Brussels
sprouts, where the adjective has lost its original emphasis).

(e) For the first and all main words in any kind of title: books, plays, poems, (e.g. from
Maddening Crowd), films, newspapers, magazines(e.g. Time), names of ships, houses, a
person's title (e.g. Prime Minister of Australia) the titles of institutions and businesses.
Abbreviations of titles (e.g. Gov.)

(f) At the beginning of each line of verse (except in some modern poetry).

(g) For the pronoun I.

(h) For He, His, when referring to God.

Commas

Note: Don't put a comma between the subject and its verb.

Wrong: What he wrote, was illegible.

Right: What he wrote was illegible.

The Semicolon

(a) To separate clauses which could stand as sentences but which are "closely related"
especially:

(i) When the second clause expands or explains the first:

e.g. Neither of us spoke; we merely waited in silence to see what would happen.

(ii) When the clauses describe a sequence of actions or different aspects of the same topic.

e.g. There was a sharp, bracing air; the ground was dry; the sea was crisp and clear.

(iii) Before independent clauses beginning with even so, so, therefore, for instance,
nevertheless, then etc:

e.g. He took great rare; even so, he made a few errors.

(iv) To suggest a contrast:

e.g. I like swimming; my sister hates it.

(In all the above examples periods could have been used but would have been two abrupt.)

(b) To mark off a series of Phrases (or clauses) which themselves contain commas.

e.g. You will need the following: some scrap paper; a pen, preferable blue or black; some
envelopes; and some good, white, unlined writing-paper.

The Colon

(a) To introduce a list

e.g. Speaking at Caesar's funeral, Anthony addresses the crowd; "Friends, Romans,
countrymen ...."

(b) Before a clause which explains the previous statement. The colon has the force of the
word "namely" or "that is":

(c) To express a strong contrast:

e.g. God creates: man destroys.

(d) To introduce a climax or concluding clause:

e.g. After pondering the choices before him, he came to decision: he joined the army.

(e) To make a pointed connection:

e.g. Jeremy became a director in just three months: his father was the chief shareholder.

The Hyphen

(a) When attaching a prefix (e.g. self-explanatory, anti-hero) and especially when confusion
might result as with "re-sign" and "re-form"

(b) When forming a compound word from two or more other words:

e.g. son-in-law, a half-eaten biscuit, and a couldn't-care-less attitude, red-hot-smoking-

jacket.

Distinguish "fifty-odd people" from fifty odd people.

Dashes

Two dashes are used when breaking off a sentence to insert an after thought or an
explanatory comment or short list:

e.g. In August last year- I was with my family at the time- I had a serious accident.
Nothing-food, plates, cutlery, pan's-could be left unattended.

A single dash may be used.

(a) When breaking off a sentence for an abrupt change of thought or when "tagging on"
another construction:

e.g. The following day we had better luck - but that is another story.

(b) To emphasize a repeated word:

e.g. The new regime imposed rigid laws-laws which the police found difficult to enforce.

(c) When bringing together a number of items:

e.g. Tooth brush, can-opener, matches, soap pads-these are often forgotten by
inexperienced campers.

The Question Marks

This is used for all direct questions:

e.g. What are you doing: You will come, won't you? but not for reported questions: e.g. I
wonder what he is doing. Ask him who did it.

(Don't forget the question mark at the end of a long question.)

Exclamation Mark

(a) Use an exclamation point at the end of an emphatic declaration, interjection, or

command.

e.g. "No!" he yelled. "Do it now!"

(b) An exclamation mark may be used to close questions that are meant to convey extreme
emotion, as in

e.g. What on earth are you doing! Stop!

(c) An exclamation mark can be inserted within in parentheses to emphasize a word with in
a sentence.

e.g. We have some really (!) low-priced rugs on sale this week.

Note that there is no space between the last letter of the word so emphasized and the
parentheses. This device should be used rarely, if ever, in formal text.

(d) An exclamation mark will often accompany mimetically produced sounds, as in

e.g. "All might long, the dogs woof! in my neighbor's yard" and the "The bear went Ger! And
I went left."

(e) If an exclamation mark is part of an italicized or underlined title, make sure that the
exclamation mark is also italicized or underlined:

e.g. My favorite book is Oh, the Places You'll Go!

(Do not add a period after such a sentence that ends with the title's exclamation mark. The
exclamation mark will also suffice to end the sentence.) If the exclamation mark is not part
of a sentence-ending title, don't italicize the exclamation mark:

e.g. I've asked you not to sing la Marseillaise!

In academic prose, an exclamation point is used rarely, if at all, and in newspaper wiring
the exclamation point is virtually nonexistent.

Quotation Marks
(a) When the subject and verb start the sentence, they are followed by a comma, and the
first word spoken has a capital letter:

e.g. They said, "We are going away."

(b) When quoting someone's words or from a book:

e.g. "To be, or not to be" begins a famous speech from Hamlet.

Take care, when quoting from a book/play/poem, that your own sentence leads naturally
into the quotation.

(c) Further, punctuation around quoted speech or phrases depends on how it fits into the
rest of your text. If a quoted word or phrase fits into the flow of your sentence without a
break or pause, then a comma may not be necessary:

e.g. The phrase "lovely, dark and deep" begins to suggest ominous overtones.

(d) If the quoted speech follows an independent clause yet could be part of the same
sentence, use a colon to set off the quoted language:

e.g. My mother's favorite quote was from Shakespeare: "This above all, to thin own self be
true."

(e) Around titles of short stories

e.g. I read the story "White Knight at the Battle field" to him already.

(f) Around titles of poems

e.g. Your poem "The Wave" was certainly very touching.

(g) Around titles of songs

e.g. My favorite song is "The Yellow Submarine.

(h) Around titles of articles

e.g. That article "Why You Should Bring Your Own Lunch" was about unhealthy lunches.

(i) Around titles of chapters

e.g. The chapter "The Encounter with the Teacher" was quite funny.

(j) Use single quotation marks (only one quotation mark) around a quote that is in another
quote.

"Ms. Redwood, the article you gave us, "Save the Environment, I was very interesting to
ready," I said.
The Apostrophe

(a) To denote possession with nouns. The singular noun takes an apostrophe followed by an
s. Plurals ending in s add an apostrophe after the final s.

e.g. a lady's hat, the ladies' hats (i.e., the hats of the ladies), a weeks holiday, six weeks'
holiday. An ass's burden Jones's cap, the Joneses' house (i.e., the house of the Joneses)

Be careful with unusual plurals (like men, children, mice) which are treated as if they are
singular:

e.g. men's coats, women's rights, children's toys (never write mens' or childrens')

For proper nouns ending in a sounded e and and an s or in s vowel s (e.g, Euripides, Moses)
add the apostrophe after the s:

e.g. Ulysses' adventures, Archimedes' principle, Jesus' mother (Note-also-for goodness'

sake.)

In units involving two or more nouns or in a compound noun or phrase, put the apostrophe
on the last word only:

e.g. William and Mary's reign, my father-in-law's house.

This does not apply if there is no joint possession:

e.g. My brother's and my sister's birthday.

Note: The apostrophe is not used in these words: yours, hers, ours, theirs or its (when it
means belonging to it). (Would you write hi's for his?) It is, however, used in one's
(belonging to one).

(b) To indicate a contraction. The apostrophe is placed where the letter (s) have been
omitted:

e.g. didn't, can't, they're, you're, I'd (But note: shan't, won't).

(c) For the plural form of certain letters and figures, although this apostrophe is now often
omitted:

e.g. The three R's, P's and Q's, in the '60's, if's and but's.

Ellipsis

(a) When you're quoting material and you want to omit some words. The ellipsis consists of
three evenly spaced dots (periods) with spaces between the ellipsis and surrounding letters
or other marks. Let's take the sentence, "The ceremony honored twelve brilliant athletes
from the Caribbean who were visiting the U.S." and leave out " from the Caribbean who
were":

e.g. the ceremony honored twelve brilliant athletes ... visiting the U.S.

If the omission comes after the end of a sentence, the ellipsis will be placed after the
period, making a total of four dots. ... See how that works? Notice that there is no space
between the period and the last character of the sentence.

(b) The ellipsis can also be used to indicate a pause in the flow of a sentence and is
especially useful in quoted speech:

e.g. Juan thought and thought ... and then thought some more. "I'm wondering ... "Juan
sid, bemused.

Square Brackets

(a) You can use them to include explanatory words or phrases within quoted language:

e.g. Lew Perkins, the Director of Athletic Programs, said that Pumita Espinoza, the new
soccer coach [at Notre Dame Academy] is going to be a real winner.

(b) If you are quoting material nd you've had to change the capitalization of a word or
change a pronoun to make the material fit into your sentence, enclose that changed letter
or word (s) within brackets:

e.g. Espinoza charged her former employer with "falsification of [her] coaching record."

Essays | B.com part 1, 2010 Essays

* Freedom of Press
* Impact of Electronic Media on our Society
* The Twentieth Century is An Age of Greed
* Five Things I Love the Most
* Trip to a Holiday Resort
* Value of Sports
* Man to Lead Woman to Follow
* Freedom of Press
* The Need for Keeping One's Temper Under Control
* Jealousy
* View About Women
* Description of Robbery
* Money is the Root of All Evil

Essays Freedom of Press

The press is a modern concept and the modern man can be said to be molded by the press
just as once he was said to have been may by his barber and tailor. It means today man's
opinions, may be even his philosophy can be shaped by the papers and magazines he reads.
One will no be fair from truth if one were to say one can know a man by the paper he reads.
Thus we see the press has become so powerful that it has come to be called the fourth
estate.

The democratic system rests upon the assumption that the citizen has access to a wide
range of news and views. Only than can be form independent opinion on may important
things like the foreign policy of his Government. Ultimately only this can ensure that his
vote is based on fair judgment rather than determined by the coercion implicit in being
forced to read and hear only the official view point. For instance a good paper may weigh
the comparative merits of candidate for an election and thus help the voter.

The paper is so powerful that governments are afraid of paper. Naturally therefore
government, given the chance would like to control the paper. They bring forth gagging
orders such that the press cannot publish certain things. The press is not allowed to know
certain news and thus pressman are prohibited from being present. The news in the paper
may be highly censored so that various political parties in a country run their own papers.
In England, for instance, there is the labor press as well as liberal press. In communistic
countries, the party controls the press, so that no other wind expect that of the party be
allowed to blow. The idea behind is quite obvious. Each party wants to propagate and
broadcast its views through its paper.

The control of the press by the government through it may be desirable in times of
emergency, is not so in normality's. the control will kill the liberal growth of ideas and
people will cases to grow. Just as the free air is desirable to keep the people healthy, today
a free press is much important. A free ad fearless press can expose individuals and groups
when they err. They may even chastise erring officials and out at the shall owners of certain
government action. They may suggest a line of action and put forth proposals in schemes
and projects of national importance. In short the free press can act as accelerator
sometimes as also a brake sometimes.

Essays Impact of Electronic Media on our

Society
Science and technology has advanced in each and every faculty of life. It has made life
comfortable and easy. Modern ways and means and changing life patters of our society
have made the individuals of the society lazy and sluggish. Scientific advancement has
assisted in ascending the electronic media. In this modern age, electronic media is
developing with the fast pace. Its perpetual enhancement seems to be boundless.

Electronic media includes all means of communication, the network of which is scattered
though out the world. It is supposed to play a big role in spreading the social values, culture
and civilization. It has played a functional role in modifying the cultural and moral values of
society. Electronic media has wiped out distances between remote countries. It's a chained
system in the form of a complete network.

Dish receiving system and modernization of Internet computer programming have brought a
revolutionary change in the moral ethics. A moral and culture change in a society some
times proves itself to be an insincere change fraught with social evils. Electronic media of
this modern century has specifically tried to decline the moral values of Muslim civilization
and it look as if they have succeeded in this vulgar effort. Their culture vulgarity is
doubtlessly obvious.

Modern film industry and descending culture values of European countries have played a
fundamental role in declining the cultural, social, moral and spiritual values of Muslim
countries by propagating the culture of their own society. Means of communication is
supposed to be responsible for such hollow changing moral and social values.

There are also some positive impacts of the electronic media. It's widely spread
programmes have ascended the generosity, talent and vast knowledge of people in regard
too universal exploration. It has widened human mind and boundaries of imagination. It has
also opened man's eyes a litter wider to the wonders and vastness of the universe around
us. Electronic media has also proved it self to be the phenomenon of revelation of the
present age, exhibiting in its modern form.

Essays The Twentieth Century is An Age of

Greed
To be greedy is two own more than what one can legitimately claim. This is very well
illustrated by the parable of the greedy dog, which wanted to have the bone seen in the
reflection. It lost the bone thereby. This is greed. All people are greedy; it is not only the
poor who are greedy but also those very rich.

To avoid being greedy, the child must be educated. The parents and hence the home have
got a great responsibility in this respect. Children must not be helped to own more than
what they need, whether it is in food or clothes. Greed and hence jealousy go together.
Hence to avoid being jealous one should over come greed.

Let us see if twentieth century is an age of greed. The First Great War was the result of
Kaiser's ambitions to build a German empire. He was itching for it and the murder of the
prince at Sarajevo was only a pretext to start a war. Then came Hitler, from the beginning
he wanted to do where Kaiser failed. Slowly and steadily he build an army and the rape of
Czechoslovakia followed. After the second war many small things happened which viewed
properly is nothing but greed. Only the offending parties gave them different names as once
they looked upon African countries as white man's burden.

Greed in modern politics shows different goals. Look at the Afghan War in which Russia has
deliberately invaded that country and has a political un-settlement there. Looking at the
individuals also we can say they are in no way worse than those who lived in previous
centuries. But one thing we can say that in this century which is becoming more and more
materialistic moral forces is on the wane. Now that there is a vast scope for material
possession, to that extent man is growing greedy. Temptation and greed are the two sides
of a coin. To over come the moral education is essential. Develop the will of the child so that
he grows he may not be greedy. So it can be conclude that this century is not an age of
greed.

Essays Five Things I Love the Most

This world is full of many wonderful and lovely things. Man is trying to utilize the maximum
resources of his intellect for finding out various types of inventions and discoveries and thus
endeavouring to make the things lovelier and worth enjoying. The process of beautifying the
worldly things is a continuous process.

Firstly, I have great love of Nature. I am fed from this artificial and momentary pleasure
which we derive from the city life. I am thinking to settle in some village where i will be able
to enjoy Nature. I wish to make friendship with nature because nature can be true friend
and real guide of man, who never deceives a person who loves her. Wordsword, the great
love of Nature, has also acknowledged this fact in his poems. I am very much anxious to go
and enjoy steep hills; greenery of the open valleys, cool breeze and other natural objects.

Secondly, I am very much interested to adopt teaching as my profession in future. I am

deeply pained to find illiteracy in my country. For the successful functioning of Democracy,
it is essential that we reduce illiteracy to the minimum extent possible. I have a great love
for this profession. I want every young man and woman must get education. There is a dire
need for spreading the education to every hook and corner of the country

Thirdly, I have a keen desire to read novels. Novels are my favourite pastime. Novels widen
the doors of knowledge. They give us an insight into the zig-zag ways of this world.
Sometimes we are able to resolve many difficult problems with the help of Novel reading.
We are able to chalk out many schemes which can be very useful in our day-today life.

Fourthly, I love my country. I can foreign anything just for the honour of my country. If
somebody were to ask me to go to a foreign land and serve there, and get a handsome
salary. I will be the first blunt young to refuse this offer. It is because I am very much fond
of the ways of life, the food, the sunshine, home, friends, parents and other relations. I will
not be doing justice to my Motherland.

The last but not the least, I love my sweet home. It is rightly uttered "East or West home is
the best." I live in a small house which does not contain all the modern facilities, but still it
is not less than a paradise. I have been to my friend's houses I find ultra modern
decorations. The houses contain dining rooms, sitting rooms, bedrooms etc. Further, very
rich and lavish food is served. In spite of all this, I don't like this type of artificial life. That's
why I have selected the above mentioned five things which are dearest to me and are the
essence of my life and living.
Essays Trip to a Holiday Resort
We Sindhis are devotees and lovers of saints -- The Men of Allah, who include Pir Fakhurs
alive and those whose last abodes are located in Sindh. My family members, parents, uncles
and aunties, cousins and my brothers and sisters are dedicated, fully devoted flowers of
Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalander of Sehwan Sharif.

It was the month of June and it was too hot at Karachi and even entire Sindh was burning
scorching sunlight. I and my brothers and sisters boarded in an air-conditioned bus of Blue
Line Travels at 7 am in the morning from Cantt Station Karachi. On the way we saw Mango
orchards on both sides and in same places large number of guava trees, orange and papaya
trees and green refreshing banana trees. At some places under desert condition with large
number of palm trees loaded with yellow bunches of dares. It was very beautiful. When the
bus crossed Jamshoro its A/C arrangement went wrong so the driver stopped the bus and
by mobile phone sought the help of mechanics from Blue Line Travel branch located at
Hyderabad. The mechanics readily arrived in a speedy company car and it look about two
three-hours to repair the A/C arrangement.

We started again at about 12 O'clock and stopped on our way to have this spot we took
another connecting bus of Blue Line, which was unfortunately heavily crowded and packed
to the capacity. We were made to stand in the bus even my sister did not have any seats.
The bus then traveled through sugar cane farms and banana plantations and many green
rice fields irrigated by canal water. It was all green and some what green and some what
fresh cold breeze was blowing. On the request passengers the bus stopped all the
passengers got down, washed their hands and feet in the irrigation stream-lets flowing
towards the rice and sugar can fields. About half an hour passed peacefully when 3 kids
escaping the sight of the elders plugged into muddy water and sank waist deep into stinking
mud. The driver, conductor and cleaners helped to pull the mischief monger children. It
became a problem to have their clothes changed and to be washed in the stream-lets water.
We reached Sehwan Sharif near sunset. We thanked God for an arrival at Sehwan. We paid
a quick visit to the tomb of the Man of God and offered Fateha and went to the guest house
constructed nearly for the visitors. Unfortunately it was heavily crowded because the every
day lot of devotees come from Thatta. We had no room to spend night there, so on the
advice of some elderly servants of shrine management we hired a room in a nearly hotel. It
was very old fashioned hotel having old type of cots infested by bad gugs. What a terrible,
painful night it was that we spend in hotel. When we left the hotel, hotel manager
demanded Rs. 300 for double bed room, which had no A/C arrangement and plenty of
water. Originally we had made a programmed to stay at Sehwan for three, four days, but
after spending a sleepless night at the hotel we resolved to return Karachi by the first
available bus. Hiring a Tanga we reached the bus stand. The first bus was expected to leave
Sehwan at about 9:30 am. There was enough time to take breakfast. But it was a
misfortune that my sister had forgotten the bulky tiffin at the hotel. My brother went back
to the hotel and after an hour brought the information that some other boarders or
customers of the hotel took the tiffin away.
No we cannot curse our fate for his trouble. We took the breakfast at the bus stop hotel of
Bheal Puri, which costed us, another hundred rupees and went to buy tickets for our return
journey. The next bus for Karachi expected to leave Sehwan at 2:00 pm. apparently in the
hot summer we could not afford to wait for the next bus to Karachi. So we caught the bus
from Thatta. It was a Sindh Transport bus having no A/C. However we boarded in it because
we had seats available when we reached Thatta we caught another luxury bus and reached
Karachi at 4 O' clock. This journey costed us a lot and caused a lot of inconvenience. In fact
the Auqaf department of Government should come forward and make proper arrangements
of boarding and lodging and transport to provide facilities to the devotees of the saint
coming from all parts of Sindh and even from other provinces.

Essays Value of Sports

briefly speaking we can call this kind of essay as “Importance of Games". Every man,
working women and students and working youths who perform some manual work or any
kind of work needs some rest, some relaxation or the change from the monotony of this
work in order to avoid fatigue and exhaustion, the best to regain last energy and to be fresh
it is good that after the laborious work of day, one should play some kind of game to have a
feeling of freshness.

Game is an instructive in which all the living beings take part. Games and sports should be
compulsory for the students. They have a great value in character and personality building.
They help us to develop team spirit, discipline, respect for rules and sportsman spirit. In
Pakistan these physical activities are neglected and not well organized. This has resulted in
great lawlessness and indiscipline among the students.

Games have different physical mental and moral advantage. Nobody can know the value of
games in national character building. Now-a-days nations are judged on the playground.
Victory on the field brings honor and glory to the country. Players and sportsmen are the
wondering ambassadors of the country. Games promote international amity, friendship,
brotherhood and peace. Just like India Pakistan Series 2004 was the best example of an
attempt of promoting relationship between India and Pakistan.

Physically games are best form of exercise. The group sports such as cricket, hockey,
football, volleyball and athletics are popular all over the world. By playing games,
coordination of movements of limbs of the body is produced. Mentally, players develop the
sense of quick and right decisions. They form the habit of right thinking. A true sportsman
hates to hit below the belt. A good sportsman never plays foul in life

Essays Man to Lead Woman to follow

this is a very ticklish question. Eyebrows will look down upon the very question. The
question aims at equality between man and woman. It cannot be blind equality. Nature has
endowed man with certain capabilities and capacities, which are not found in woman. Man
also cannot claim some capacities peculiar to woman. Thus we speak of manly strength and
feminine grace.

Now late in the twentieth century to say that man sound lead may should absurd. But in
what he should lead lies the answer. Then there won't be any controversy. Man by his
nature is given to hard work involving physical strength and also to be great extent,
physical endurance. Woman, as a rule are denied his physical strength. So, man has been a
fighter all along and these fighting qualities have always been in demand. So many came to
be a leader. Exploring, pioneering, climbing, fighting and such of these require many
courage, bravery and hardihood. Then society needed them badly. Man became the leader.

Woman as a rule, are the best homemakers. Their sense of duty, humility and patience
make them really the authority in the house. Their feminine touch has a lot to go in bringing
up children. If a country needs good youngsters, it is to the mothers it has to look to. The
hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. Man and woman are thus complimentary and
supplementary to each other and it will be useless to decide who leads whom.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Having a

Working Mother / Sister
Women play a very vital role in human progress and have a significant place in the society.
Women have always played an important position in the progress of a nation. In the early
days of Islam, women worked side by side with men. In the battlefield, they nursed the
injured, kept up the supplies and in certain cases even fought bravely. Florence Nightingale
was the woman, who led a very successful campaign for the reforms of hospitals and
nursing profession. Women had been great saints, scholars, poets, writers, reformers and
administrators.

In modern age, women are going very well in all the fields of progress. They are
demonstrating their talents in the best. They are serving as teachers, doctors, Engineers,
Administrators and even head of the states. But of course such responsibilities could affect
their household responsibilities. It will impossible to pay required attention to her own
home, if she works somewhere out her home.

It is an obvious fact that most+ women work due to financial problems so in such cases
women sacrifice their comfort and come outside to do work. Working women could run her
home better as far as financial matters are concerned. But of course, it affects their
household responsibilities. It is very difficult for a working woman to look the household
matters as a household woman does.

In my opinion, a woman should do work if they are really going through financial problems.
It is not disagreeable at all. But if the situation perfectly sound and woman works at the
expense of household comfort then it is not good. Women should take care of her
responsibilities as a mother or sister. If she can manage between the two then it is her
choice either to do job or not. But one cannot perfectly manage between them if she spends
a long time outside her home.

Essays The Need for Keeping One's Temper

Under Control
Temper can be defined as the mental vibrations in consonance with the external events
which touch our senses. The reaction may be calm and quiet or violent. When one is subject
ot sudden conclusions of mental reactions to externals he is said to be temperamental. In
such cases reason which helps one to keep poise is either absent or fails to help the subject.

To keep up one's tempers it requires a lot of insight into things. Simply because certain
things happen in certain ways not the liking of the subject, it is no reason why one should
fly into tempers. There are innumerable occasions when things go wrong in spite of perhaps
careful home the point. One is in hurry to dress and to go and attend a function or meeting.
In the last minute he take out the dress from the cabinet he finds out to his chagrin either
the shirt has been torn by the washer-man or the buttons are missing from the longs. This
he could have avoided if had given thought before. So some previous thinking into the affair
or preparation would help avoid tempers. This is to be followed by those who are subject to
tempers and thereby they can avoid unpleasant consequences.

When one loses ones temper it leads to many undesirable consequences. The person is
easily upset his blood circulation gets quick, he uses angry words and he offends others
also. One should develop his faculty of reasoning, then he could easily keep his temper
under control. It is also a matter of philosophy as in the case of stoics. There is a classic
case of temper under control.

By keeping one's temper under control one saves nervous breakdown. His friends and
relatives like him. He is saved from wrong judgment which he arrives at when he loses his
temper. In short a man who could keep his temper is a sweet person. He is happy and
makes others happy. He illumines the company where he is found. He will never be subject
to nervous breakdown. So let us learn to keep our temper under control.

Essays Jealousy
Jealousy is one of the human weaknesses which is not so very uncommon. Here the
reference is only to the jealous reactions to the success of a friend, so we will confine
ourselves to that aspect alone.

He may even go to the extent of thinking that the friend has kept certain things that led to
his success a secret from him. That means he suspects the fidelity or sincerity of the friend.
He may sometimes openly say that the friend has left him down because of his selfishness.
He would slight the success saying that it was only chance that made his friend successful.
As a friend, while it is natural to expect of him to celebrate the success and to lead the
party, he would avoid it and whenever there is such an occasion he would quietly keep at
the back.

He would assume that he is being neglected because his friend has been successful and
even may speak so. He would go on saying now that the friend has been successful and he
doesn't care for him as of old. What need has he for him? He would even go of thinking of
imaginary contributions he has made for the success of the other. He would add but for the
pieces of certain acts of his, his friend would not have been successful. This is all because
this fellow cannot reach the same height as the other fellow. It the other one is as
enlightened and outgoing he can easily make up; otherwise the jealousy may lead to
permanent rift. This sort of jealousy is more common among women folk that men folk

Essays View About Woman

A Good Women Inspires A Man. A Brilliant Woman Interests Him. A Beautiful Woman
Fascinates Him But a Sympathetic Woman Gets Him. Do You Agree With This View?

This Question deals with women of different accomplishments and how man reacts towards
them. The qualities of woman categorized here are goodness, brilliance, beauty and
sympathy. Apposite to them are put inspiration, interests, fascination and getting or winning
respectively. To know women of these parts one must have a wider experience which
history and literature of the world.

In general the question deals with man's relation with women but for a single man to have
contact or relation with the different women mentioned here in the chance may be rare
unless he be a great figure who has galaxy of women i covering around him. To inspire is to
give life, to fill life with hope, to pull up the crest fallen one from despondency to optimism.
When we take in air we say we inspire because we are taking in the life given blood
purifying oxygen. So the action or the words of a woman may be inspiring. The one may be
the wife or a good friend or as sometimes happens a poetess. To inspire, such person must
basically be good.

To interest one is to make one think of the benefits that may accrue. One may be interested
in a proposition because it may bring one some benefits. The benefit need not necessarily
be material; it may even be mental, say a speech. Brilliance relates to the dazzle in
appearance and speech and manners. The brilliance in appearance may incite jealousy; the
brilliance in wit and humor attracts and interests.

To fascinate is to attract. The fascination may be real or false, the fascination may be for
good or bad. The fascination of the moth for fire is a classic example where it is attracted by
the light of the fire only to die. As given the beauty refers may be, only to external. A
woman may be beautiful to look at and as opposite sex, man is fascinated by her but if the
winner woman is not as beautiful as the outer than men having to do anything with her will
be ruined beyond measure. There are stories of beautiful women who have fascinated men
only to destroy them.

To get is to own. To won means also the power to command over. What i own i can easily
dispose of but it is beside the point here because the question deals with the sympathy.
Sympathy is to have the same feeling for. When one sympathizes with another, it means
the latter has the same feeling as the former, that is why we often say in sympathy with
you in sympathy there we see identity of view/ When a woman has the sympathy she can
naturally get the other. In fact the getting may be in different degrees. Some explanation
will make this point clear.

Take for instance the sympathy of a nurse for a bay or a patient. In both cases the getting
may not be exactly by owning but it is getting a permanent place in the heart of a baby or
the patient. The sympathy shown by the mother, helps her get the child. Where children are
brought up by others, the sympathy of children for their mothers is very thin indeed. A good
wife must have the sympathy for her husband to get him. A classical woman is described
that way. She is everything for her husband. But to see a woman of all these qualities is
rare and such a one is a rare phenomenon.

Essays Robbery
It may be 10'O clock in the night. I was a bit late from my office and i was standing at the
bus-stand to catch the bus. There was a coffee shop nearby. It was the only shop in the
neighborhood. It appeared there used to be late guests to that stall. For I could see that the
stall owner was not in a mood to close the shop.

Then I saw two fellows enter the shop. Their appearance was far from satisfactory. They
went in and ordered for their glass of coffee. While they were sipping their glass, I could see
them talking. Then I saw both of them move towards the counter where the stall-keeper
was sitting. From the way he talked to them, it showed he knew them already. After few
minutes, I could hear hot exchange of words. I could also see that the stall keeper was self-
possessed. While an altercation was going on, one of the two guests whipped up a knife and
threatened to stab the shopkeeper. The other fellow put his hand and took what all cash he
could take. I was in a dilemma. I could neither go for rescue nor cry because that would be
futile. The stall-keeper was raising a hell of noise and even at the risk of his life, would not
allow the ruffians to bolt away with the cash. Luckily for him, the long awaited bus will full
complements came there. Seeing the bus the ruffians left the place and run away, before
the stall-keeper could recover and cry for help, the ruffians were gone. As already the bus
with a heavy heart because, I have failed in my duty to save the shopkeeper.

Essays Money is the Root of All Evil

Money is the instrument of exchange helping in buying and selling and helps also in fixing
the value of things and commodities. It may be in metal and as it now in paper. With the
market getting more and more complicated there are other negotiable instruments which
are as good as the minted coins or the printed notes. Money in short gives the purchasing
power but this power is not absolute as it varies depending on various factors.

Let us see why money is needed. Simply because it helps the possession to buy things. The
days of barter are gone though so it is indirectly reported to at the international level.
Money can buy men as it does things. Thus money plays an important role in fighting and
winning elections. Money mars men and women's morals. It has got the evil influence in
corrupting people; sellout is the new term of bribery. There are people who could do
anything for the sake of money.

These things are because of what is termed money power. It is true of individuals as well as
states that where there is money they could dictate terms. For instance, the Middle-East
countries have found new wealth because of their deposits and they have become very
powerful. Since money is normally the fruit of labor, coming by money by fair means need
not be stunned. The question is how one spends that money. So great thinker have
suggested that one who has money enough and to spare must look upon himself as the
trustee of that money and see to it that it spent in good ways. As money is only a tool there
is nothing good or evil about it. Since the question of evil is a moral factor, man must be
strengthened morally so that he may not use money in evil ways.