Chapter 1

Revising Basic Java Concepts

Class 10 - Sumita Arora ICSE Computer Applications with
BlueJ
Objective Type Questions
Question 1
Java uses ............... character set.

Answer

Java uses Unicode character set.

Question 2
Smallest individual unit in a program is called ............... .

Answer

Smallest individual unit in a program is called token.

Question 3
Which of the following is not a token ?
keywords
identifiers
statement
operators
Answer

statement

Reason — Smallest individual unit in a program is called a

token and a statement is composed of many tokens like
keywords, identifiers, operators, constants etc.

Question 4
Identify the illegal identifier from the following.

_CHK
αβγτ
20_to_50
A_to_Z
Answer

20_to_50
Reason — An identifier must not begin with a digit. It may
contain underscore.

Question 5
Which of the following does not represent a character literal
?

'a'
'1'
'\a'
"a"
Answer

"a"

Reason — Since a is enclosed in double quotes (" "), it

becomes a String literal. Character literals are always
enclosed within single quotes (' ').

Question 6
Which keyword turns a variable declaration into constant
declaration ?
const
constant
final
fixed
Answer

final

Reason — Keyword final creates a named constant.

Question 7
ch += 2 is equivalent to

ch = ch + 2
ch + 2
ch =+ 2
none of the above
Answer

ch = ch + 2
Reason — += is a shorthand operator. The operator pair +=
tells the compiler to assign to ch the value of ch + 2.

Question 8
The Math class is part of which Java library package.

java.util
java.io
java.random
java.lang
Answer

java.lang

Reason — The Math class is part of java.lang package.

Question 9
Which clause is optional in a switch statement?

switch
case
default
none of the above
Answer

default

Reason — The default clause is optional and, if it is missing,

no action takes place if all matches fail.

Question 10
Absence of which statement causes a fall-through in a switch
statement.

continue
break
stop
fall
Answer

break

Reason — In the absence of break statement, the control

flows to the next case below the matching case leading to
fall-through.
Question 11
By default, the if-part and else-part of an if statement can
contain these many statements in it.

2
1
5
as many
Answer

Reason — By default, the if-part and else-part can contain

only one statement. To include more than one statements,
the set of statements need to be enclosed in curly braces and
included as one compound statement.

Question 12
Which of the following loops is mostly used for fixed number
of iterations ?

for
do-while
while
none of the above
Answer

for

Reason — for loop is usually used when the number of

iterations are fixed.

Question 13
Which of the following is not an entry controlled loop ?

for
do-while
while
none of the above
Answer

do-while
Reason — do-while is an exit controlled loop as it executes
atleast once even when the condition is false.

Question 14
Which of the following is an exit controlled loop?

for
do-while
while
none of the above
Answer

do-while

Reason — do-while is an exit controlled loop as it executes

atleast once even when the condition is false. The condition
is checked at the time of exit.

Question 15
Which of the following statements terminates the complete
execution of a loop ?

break
continue
terminate
System.exit(0)
Answer

break

Reason — break statement is used to terminate the complete

execution of a loop.

Assignment Questions
Question 1
What is meant by token? Name the tokens available in Java.

Answer

The smallest individual unit in a program is called a token.

Keywords, identifiers, literals, operators and punctuators are

tokens available in Java.

Question 2
What are keywords ? Can keywords be used as identifiers ?

Answer

Keywords are the words with special meaning associated with

them. These are reserved for special purpose and must not
be used as normal identifier names. Some keywords of Java
are default, return, if, private etc.

No, keywords cannot be used as identifiers.

Question 3
What is an identifier ? What is the identifier forming rule(s) of
Java?

Answer

Identifiers are the names given by the programmer to various

program units of Java. Identifiers are the names of variables,
methods, classes, packages and interfaces etc.

Identifier forming rules of Java state the following:

Identifiers can have alphabets, digits, _ (underscore) and
$
$ characters and can be of any length.
They must not be a keyword or Boolean literal or null literal.
They must not begin with a digit.
Java is case sensitive i.e., upper-case letters and lower-case
letters are treated differently.
Question 4
What kind of program elements are the following ?

13, 'a', 4.38925, "a", main( )

Answer

13 Integer Literal
'a' Character Literal
4.38925 Floating point Literal
"a" String Literal
main( ) Method
Question 5
What kind of constants are the following ?
14, 011, 0X2A, 17, 014, 0XBC1

Answer

14 Decimal Integer Literal

011 Octal Integer Literal
0X2A Hexadecimal Integer Literal
17 Decimal Integer Literal
014 Octal Integer Literal
0XBC1 Hexadecimal Integer Literal
Question 6
What is a character constant in Java ? How are non graphic
characters represented in Java ?

Answer

Single character enclosed in single quotation marks (' ') makes

a character literal. For example, 'a', '5',
$
$, '1' are character literals.

Non-graphic characters are represented in Java using escape

sequence. An escape sequence is represented by a backslash
(\) followed by one or more characters. For example, '\n', '\t'
are escape sequences for new line and tab respectively.

Question 7(a)
Write an equivalent Java expression for the following
expressions:

ut
+
1
2
ft
2
ut+
2
1

ft
2

Answer
u * t + (1.0 / 2.0) * f * t * t

Question 7(b)
Write an equivalent Java expression for the following
expressions:

a
2
+
b
2
a
2
+b
2

Answer
Math.sqrt(Math.pow(a,2) + Math.pow(b,2))

Question 7(c)
Write an equivalent Java expression for the following
expressions:

ab + b >= ba + a

Answer

Math.pow(a, b) + b >= Math.pow(b, a) + a

Question 7(d)
Write an equivalent Java expression for the following
expressions:

(
3
x
+
5
y
5
x
+
3
y
−
8
x
y
2
y
x
)
3
/
2
(
5x+3y
3x+5y

−
2yx
8xy

)
3/2

Answer

Math.pow(((3 * x + 5 * y) / (5 * x + 3 * y)) - ((8 * x * y) / (2 * y

* x)), 3.0 / 2)

Question 8
What is meant by implicit and explicit type conversion ?

Answer

In an implicit conversion, the result of a mixed mode

expression is obtained in the higher most data type of the
variables without any intervention by the user. For example:

int a = 10;
float b = 25.5f, c;
c = a + b;
In case of explicit type conversion, the data gets converted to
a type as specified by the programmer. For example:

int a = 10;
double b = 25.5;
float c = (float)(a + b);
Question 9
What do you mean by type casting? What is type cast
operator in Java?

Answer

The explicit conversion of an operand to a specific type is

called Type Casting.

Type Casting in Java is done using the type cast operator. It is

a unary operator. It's syntax is:

(<target datatype>) <value>

For example :

int a = 10;
double b = 25.5;
float c = (float)(a + b);
Question 10
What will be the resultant type of the following expression if
bh represents a byte variable, i is an int variable, fl is a float
variable and db is a double variable ?

bh - i + db / fl - i * fl + db / i
Answer

The resultant data type will be double.

Explanation
bh - i + db / fl - i * fl + db / i
⇒ byte - int + double / float - int * float + double / int
⇒ byte - int + double - float + double
⇒ int + double - float + double
⇒ double - float + double
⇒ double + double
⇒ double

Question 11
What will be the resultant type of the following expression if
fl is a float variable and db is a double variable?
(int) (fl + db)
Answer

The resultant data type will be int.

Explanation
Here, the programmer is performing an explicit type
conversion to int using the type cast operator. Hence, the
resultant data type will be int.

Question 12
Determine the data type of the expression

(
100
(
1
−
p
q
)
(
q
+
r
)
)
−
(
(
p
+
r
)
/
s
(
long
)
(
s
+
p
)
)
(
(q+r)
100(1−pq)

)−(
(long)(s+p)
(p+r)/s

If p is an int, r is a float, q is a long and s is double.

Answer

The result of the given expression will be double type.

Explanation
(
int
∗
(
int
−
int
∗
long
)
(long + float)
)
−
(
(
int
+
float
)
/
double
(
long
)
(
double
+
int
)
)
⇒
(
int
∗
(
int
−
long
)
float
)
−
(
float
/
double
long
)
⇒
(
int
∗
int
float
)
−
(
double
long
)
⇒
float
−
double
⇒
double
(
(long + float)
int∗(int−int∗long)
)−(
(long)(double+int)
(int+float)/double

)
⇒(
float
int∗(int−long)

)−(
long
float/double

)
⇒(
float
int∗int

)−(
long
double
)
⇒float−double
⇒double

Question 13
Determine the data type of the expression

(
2
x
+
3
y
5
w
+
6
z
+
8
p
5
q
)
4
(
5w+6z
2x+3y

+
5q
8p

)
4

if x is int, y is long, w is float, z is double, p is short and q is

long double.

Answer

The result will be of long double data type.

Explanation
(
int
+
long
float
+
double
+
short
long double
)
4
⇒
(
long
double
+
short
long double
)
4
⇒
(
double
+
long double
)
4
⇒
long double
(
float+double
int+long

+
long double
short

)
4

⇒(
double
long

+
long double
short

)
4

⇒(double+long double)
4

⇒long double

Question 14(a)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.abs(-5) - Math.abs(-7)
Answer

The output value is -2. The type of expression is int.

Explanation
Math.abs(-5) - Math.abs(-7)
⇒5-7
⇒ -2

Question 14(b)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.abs(-1e-1) + Math.abs(-2e-2)
Answer

The output value is 0.12. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.abs(-1e-1) + Math.abs(-2e-2)
⇒ 0.1 + 0.02
⇒ 0.12

Question 14(c)
State the value and type of each expression.
Math.sqrt(0.0064)
Answer

The output value is 0.08. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.sqrt() method returns the square root of its argument.
As square root of 0.0064 is 0.08 hence that is the output. The
return type of Math.sqrt() is double so the type of expression
is double.

Question 14(d)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.sqrt(Math.pow(2.7, 2))
Answer

The output value is 2.7. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.pow(2.7, 2) will calculate square of 2.7 as we are raising
it to the power 2. After this, calculating square root with
Math.sqrt() will return the same number 2.7. The return type
of Math.sqrt() is double so the type of expression is double.

Question 14(e)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.round(3.499)
Answer

The output value is 3. The type of expression is long.

Explanation
Math.round() rounds off its argument to the nearest
mathematical integer. If argument is float, return type is int, if
argument is double, return type is long. In this case, 3.499
will be treated as double because suffix 'f' is not there.
Hence, it will return a value of long data type.

Question 14(f)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.max(1.5e-2, 0.095)
Answer
The output value is 0.095. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.max(a, b) returns the maximum of a and b. As 0.095 is
greater than 1.5e-2, hence, 0.095 is the output. Since the
argument is double so the data type of return value is also
double.

Question 14(g)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.ceil(4.002)
Answer

The output value is 5.0. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.ceil(x) returns the smallest double value that is greater
than or equal to the argument and is equal to a mathematical
integer. Hence, output is 5.0 and data type of result is double.

Question 14(h)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.min(-5, 1.0)
Answer

The output value is -5.0. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.min(a, b) returns the minimum of a and b. As one of
the arguments is of double type hence, data type of return
value is also double.

Question 14(i)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.floor(7.99)
Answer

The output value is 7.0. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.floor( ) returns the largest double value that is less than
or equal to the argument and is equal to a mathematical
integer. Hence, output is 7.0 and data type of result is double.

Question 14(j)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.ceil(-2.73)
Answer

The output value is -2.0. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.ceil( ) returns the smallest double value that is greater
than or equal to the argument and is equal to a mathematical
integer. -2.0 is the smallest mathematical integer greater than
-2.73. Hence, output is -2.0 and data type of result is double.

Question 14(k)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.pow(16, 0.25)
Answer
The output value is 2.0. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.pow(x, y) returns x raised to the power of y as a double
value. Math.pow(16, 0.25) is equivalent to
16
4
4

16

. Hence, output is 2.0 and data type of result is double.

Question 14(l)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.pow(4, -2)
Answer

The output value is 0.0625. The type of expression is double.

Explanation
Math.pow(x, y) returns x raised to the power of y as a double
value. Math.pow(4, -2) is equivalent to 4-2 i.e.,
1
4
2
4
2

= 0.0625. Hence, output is 0.0625 and data type of result is

double.

Question 14(m)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.round(1.49 + 0.1)
Answer

The output value is 2. The type of expression is long.

Explanation
Math.round() rounds off its argument to the nearest
mathematical integer. If argument is float, return type is int, if
argument is double, return type is long. In this case, 1.49 +
0.1 = 1.59 so it will be rounded of to 2, the nearest
mathematical integer. 1.59 will be treated as double because
suffix 'f' is not there. Hence, it will return a value of long data
type.

Question 14(n)
State the value and type of each expression.

Math.round(1.49) + 0.1
Answer

The output value is 1.1. The type of expression is long.

Explanation
Math.round() rounds off its argument to the nearest
mathematical integer.

Math.round(1.49) + 0.1
⇒ 1 + 0.1
⇒ 1.1
If argument is float, return type is int, if argument is double,
return type is long. In this case, 1.49 will be treated as double
because suffix 'f' is not there. Hence, it will return a value of
long data type.

Question 15(a)
Write the following as Java expressions.

a
2
−
b
2
a
2
−b
2

Answer
Math.sqrt(Math.pow(a,2) - Math.pow(b,2))

Question 15(b)
Write the following as Java expressions.

π(x6 - y6)

Answer

Math.PI * (Math.pow(x,6) - Math.pow(y,6))

Question 15(c)
Write the following as Java expressions.

4
3
π
r
3
3
4
πr
3

Answer

4.0 / 3.0 * Math.PI * Math.pow(r,3)

Question 15(d)
Write the following as Java expressions.

| z4 - 1 |

Answer

Math.abs(Math.pow(z,4) - 1)

Question 16
A student incorrectly attempted to produce a random value
in the range 1.6 using the expression.
6*(int)Math.random( ) + 1

Correct the error in expression above to get the desired

result.

Answer

The correct expression to get the desired result is given

below:

(int)(6 * Math.random( )) + 1

Explanation
The formula to get an integer number between 1 and n is:

int r = (int) (n * Math.random()) + 1

Question 17
What is the significance of a break statement in a switch
statement ?

Answer
The break statement when used inside a switch, ends that
case and proceeds to the first statement that follows switch
statement. In case, the break statement is missing, the
control flows to the next case below the matching case and
continues to execute all the cases, till the end of switch
statement. This is called fall through.

Question 18
What are iteration statements ? Name the iteration
statements provided by Java.

Answer

The iterative constructs or iteration statements allow a set of

instructions to be performed repeatedly until a certain
condition is fulfilled. The iteration statements are also called
loops or looping statements.

Java provides three iteration statements:

for
while
do-while
Question 19
What is meant by an entry-controlled loop? Which Java loops
are entry-controlled?

Answer

The loop which tests the condition before entering the loop is
called entry-controlled loop. It does not execute if the
condition is false.

for and while are entry controlled loops in Java.

Question 20
What is meant by an exit-controlled loop ? Which Java loops
are exit-controlled ?

Answer

If a loop tests the condition at the time of exit from the loop,
it is called exit-controlled loop. This loop executes at least
once even if the condition is false.

do-while loop is an exit controlled loop in Java.

Question 21
What is the difference between a while and do-while loop ?

Answer

while loop do-while loop

while is an entry-controlled loop. do-while is an exit-
controlled loop.
while loop checks the test condition at the beginning of the
loop. do-while loop checks the test condition at the end
of the loop.
while loop executes only if the test condition is true. do-
while loop executes at least once, even if the test condition is
false.
while loop is helpful in situations where number of iterations
is not known. do-while loop is suitable when we need to
display a menu to the user.
Syntax:
while(test condition)
{
...
} Syntax:
do
{
...
}while(condition);
Question 22
How many times is the loop body executed in a do loop, even
if the test-condition is false ?

Answer

do-while loop is an exit controlled loop. Thus, its body is

executed atleast once even if the test-condition is false.

Question 23
What is nested loop ?

Answer

A loop may contain another loop in its body. This form of a

loop is called nested loop. In a nested loop, the inner loop
must terminate before the outer loop.

For example:

for(int i = 0; i < 5; i ++) {

 for(int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
System.out.print(j + ' ');
}
System.out.println();
}
Question 24
Write a program to print pattern like :

1
21
321
4321
54321
Answer

public class KboatPattern

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
for (int j = 4; j >= i; j--)
System.out.print(" ");
for (int k = i; k >= 1; k--)
 System.out.print(k);
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatPattern.java
Question 25
Write a program to print a pattern as :

12345
1234
123
12
1
Answer

public class KboatPattern

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
for (int i = 5; i >= 1; i--) {
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
 System.out.print(j + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatPattern.java
Question 26
Write a program to print a pattern as :

1
10
101
1010
10101
Answer

//

public class KboatPattern

{
 public static void main(String args[]) {
int a = 1, b = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
if (j % 2 == 0)
System.out.print(b + " ");
else
System.out.print(a + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatPattern.java
Question 27
Write a program to print a pattern as :

*****
****
***
**
 *
**
***
****
*****
Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatPattern

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
for (int i = 5; i >= 1; i--) {
for (int j = i; j < 5; j++) {
System.out.print(" ");
}
for (int k = 0; k < i; k++) {
System.out.print('*');
}
System.out.println();
}
for (int i = 4; i >= 1; i--) {
 for (int j = 1; j < i; j++) {
System.out.print(" ");
}
for (int k = i; k <= 5; k++) {
System.out.print('*');
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatPattern.java
Question 28
Classify the following as primitive or non-primitive datatypes :

char
arrays
int
classes
Answer

Primitive data type

Non-primitive data type
Primitive data type
Non-primitive data type
Question 29
System.out.print("BEST");
System.out.println("OF LUCK");
Choose the correct option for the output of the above
statements

(i) BEST OF LUCK

(ii) BEST
OF LUCK

Answer

Option 1 — BEST OF LUCK is the correct option.

Explanation
System.out.print does not print a newline at the end of its
output so the println statement begins printing on the same
line. So the output is BEST OF LUCK printed on a single line.
Question 30(a)
Write a Java expression for the following :

3
x
+
x
2
a
+
b
a+b
3x+x
2

Answer
Math.sqrt(3 * x + Math.pow(x,2)) / (a + b))

Question 30(b)
What is the value of y after evaluating the expression given
below ?

y += ++y + y-- + --y ; when int y = 8

Answer

The value of y will be 33.

Explanation
y += ++y + y-- + --y
⇒ y = y + ++y + y-- + --y y=8
⇒ y = 8 + 9 + y-- + --y y=9
⇒ y = 8 + 9 + 9 + --y y=8
⇒y=8+9+9+7 y=7
⇒ y = 33

Question 30(c)
Give the output of the following :
Math.floor(-4.7)
Math.ceil(3.4) + Math.pow(2,3)
Answer

(1) Math.floor(-4.7)

Output
-5.0

Explanation
Math.floor method returns the largest double value that is
less than or equal to the argument and is equal to a
mathematical integer. As -5.0 is the largest mathematical
integer less than -4.7 so it is the output. Note that -4.7 is a
negative number so the largest integer less than -4.7 is -5.0
and not -4.0.

(2) Math.ceil(3.4) + Math.pow(2,3)

Output
12.0
Explanation
Math.ceil(x) function returns the smallest whole number
greater than or equal to x. Math.ceil(3.4) gives 4.0 and
Math.pow(2,3) gives 8.0. So the output is 4.0 + 8.0 = 12.0.

Question 31
What are the values stored in variables r1 and r2 ?

double r1 = Math.abs(Math.min(-2.83, -5.83));

double r2 = Math.sqrt(Math.floor(16.3));
Answer

r1 has 5.83
r2 has 4.0
Explanation
Math.min(-2.83, -5.83) returns -5.83 as -5.83 is less than -
2.83. (Note that these are negative numbers). Math.abs(-
5.83) returns 5.83.
Math.floor(16.3) returns 16.0. Math.sqrt(16.0) gives square
root of 16.0 which is 4.0.
Question 32(a)
Name the operators listed below :
<
++
&&
?:
Answer

Less than operator. (It is a relational operator)

Increment operator. (It is an arithmetic operator)
Logical AND operator. (It is a logical operator)
Ternary operator. (It is a conditional operator)
Question 32(b)
State the number of bytes occupied by char and int data
types.

Answer

char occupies 2 bytes and int occupies 4 bytes.

Question 32(c)
Write one difference between / and % operator.

Answer
/ operator computes the quotient whereas % operator
computes the remainder.

Question 33
Predict the output :

class Test {
public static void main (String args[]) {
double x, y, z ;
x = 3;
y = 4;
z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
System.out.println("z = " + z);
}
}
Answer

Output
z = 5.0

Explanation
z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y)
⇒ Math.sqrt(3.0 * 3.0 + 4.0 * 4.0)
⇒ Math.sqrt(9.0 + 16.0)
⇒ Math.sqrt(25.0)
⇒ 5.0

Question 34
Predict the output :

class Power {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int e = 5, result, i;
result = 1 ;
i=e;
while(e > 0) {
result *= 2 ;
e--;
}
int n = result /2, p = i - 1;
System.out.println("2 to the power of " + i + " is " +
result);
System.out.println("2 to the power of " + p + " is " + n);
 }
}
Answer

Output
2 to the power of 5 is 32
2 to the power of 4 is 16
Explanation
The execution of while loop is shown in the table below:

e (e > 0) result Remarks

5 True 2 result = 1 x 2, e becomes 4
4 True 4 result = 2 x 2, e becomes 3
3 True 8 result = 4 x 2, e becomes 2
2 True 16 result = 8 x 2, e becomes 1
1 True 32 result = 16 x 2, e becomes 0
0 False Loop terminates
n = result / 2, p = i - 1;
⇒ n = 32 / 2, p = 5 - 1
⇒ n = 16, p = 4

Question 35
Predict the output :

class FindFac {
public static void main (String args[]) {
for(int i = 2; i <= 100; i++) {
System.out.print("Factors of" + i + ": ");
for(int j = 2; j < i; j++)
if((i % j) == 0)
System.out.print(j + " ");
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Answer

The output of the program is a list of the factors of each

integer between 2 and 100, printed to the console.

Output
Factors of2:
Factors of3:
Factors of4: 2
Factors of5:
Factors of6: 2 3
Factors of7:
Factors of8: 2 4
Factors of9: 3
Factors of10: 2 5
...
...
Factors of95: 5 19
Factors of96: 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 32 48
Factors of97:
Factors of98: 2 7 14 49
Factors of99: 3 9 11 33
Factors of100: 2 4 5 10 20 25 50
Explanation
This Java program finds the factors of integers between 2 and
100.

The program uses two nested for loops to generate the

integers to be factored and to find their factors. The outer for
loop generates the numbers from 2 to 100 whose factors are
to be found.
The inner for loop starts with j = 2 and continues until j < i,
incrementing j by 1 each time through the loop. This loop
checks whether j is a factor of i by checking whether the
remainder of i divided by j is equal to zero. If j is a factor of i,
it is printed to the console on the same line as the message
"Factors of [i]: ".

After the inner loop has completed, a newline character is

printed to the console using System.out.println(). This causes
the next message ("Factors of [i+1]: ") to be printed on a new
line.

Let us consider the execution of nested 'for' loop for a single

value of i (say, i = 6). The given table follows the execution:

i i <= 100 j j < i (i % j) == 0 Output Remarks

6 True 2 True True Factors of 6: 2 6 % 2 = 0
3 True True Factors of 6: 2 3 6%3=0
4 True False 6%4≠0
5 True False 6%5≠0
6 False j becomes equal to i, inner
loop terminates and i becomes 7
Question 36
Give the output of the following program segment and also
mention how many times the loop is executed.
int i;
for (i = 5 ; i > 10; i++)
System.out.println(i);
System.out.println(i * 4);
Answer

Output
20
Explanation
Initially i = 5.

The test condition i > 10 is false and so the control comes to

the next statement following 'for' loop — System.out.println(i
* 4); and prints 20 (5 * 4) on the screen.

Question 37
Find the error

for(count = 0, count < 5, count = count + 1)

System.out.println("This is count:" + count);
System.out.println("Done!");
Answer

The errors are as follows:

The variable count is not declared. It needs to be declared

before it can be used.
The syntax of 'for' loop requires semicolons ( ; ) as separators,
and not comma ( , ). The correct code is as follows:
for(int count = 0; count < 5; count = count + 1)
System.out.println("This is count:" + count);
System.out.println("Done!");
Question 38
Find the error :

x = 3;
y = 4;
z = math.power(x*x, y/2);
Answer

The errors are as follows:

The variables — x, y, z, are not declared. They need to be

declared before they can be used.
The letter 'm' in math should be in uppercase as Java is a
case-sensitive language. Also, the correct name of the
function is pow. Hence, it must be written as Math.pow().
The correct code snippet is as follows:

int x = 3;
int y = 4;
double z = Math.pow(x*x, y/2);
Question 39
Find the error:

class Test {
public static void main (String args[]) {
int x = 10;
if(x == 10) {
int y = 20;
System.out.println("x and y: "+ x +" "+ y);
x = y * 2;
}
y = 100;
System.out.println("x is"+ x);
}
}
Answer

The variable y is declared inside 'if' block. Its scope is limited

to if block and it cannot be used outside the block.

The correct code snippet is as follows:

class Test {
public static void main (String args[]) {
int x = 10;
int y;
if(x == 10) {
y = 20;
System.out.println("x and y: "+ x +" "+ y);
x = y * 2;
}
y = 100;
System.out.println("x is"+ x);
}
}
Question 40
Write a program that inputs a number and tests if the given
number is a multiple of both 3 and 5.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatMultipleCheck

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number: ");
int num = in.nextInt();

if (num % 3 == 0 && num % 5 == 0)

System.out.println("Multiple of 3 and 5");
else
System.out.println("Not a multiple of 3 and 5");
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatMultipleCheck.java
BlueJ output of KboatMultipleCheck.java
Question 41
Write a program that inputs a character and prints if the
typed character is in uppercase or lowercase.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatCheckCase

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter an alphabet: ");
char ch = in.next().charAt(0);

if(Character.isUpperCase(ch))
System.out.println("Upper Case letter");
else if(Character.isLowerCase(ch))
System.out.println("Lower Case Letter");
else
System.out.println("Character not an alphabet");
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatCheckCase.java
BlueJ output of KboatCheckCase.java
Question 42
Write a program that inputs a character and prints if the user
has typed a digit or an alphabet or a special character.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatCheckLetterDigitSpChar

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a character: ");
char ch = in.next().charAt(0);

if(Character.isLetter(ch))
System.out.println("Letter");
else if(Character.isDigit(ch))
System.out.println("Digit");
else if(!Character.isWhitespace(ch))
System.out.println("Special character");
 }
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatCheckLetterDigitSpChar.java
BlueJ output of KboatCheckLetterDigitSpChar.java
BlueJ output of KboatCheckLetterDigitSpChar.java
Question 43
Write a program that inputs an alphabet and checks if the
given alphabet is a vowel or not.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatVowelCheck

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a character: ");
char ch = in.next().charAt(0);
ch = Character.toUpperCase(ch);

if(ch == 'A' ||
 ch == 'E' ||
ch == 'I' ||
ch == 'O' ||
ch == 'U')
System.out.println("Vowel");

else
System.out.println("Not a vowel");

}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatVowelCheck.java
BlueJ output of KboatVowelCheck.java
Question 44
Write a program that takes a number and check if the given
number is a 3 digit number or not. (Use if to determine)

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Kboat3DigitNumber

{
 public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number: ");
int n = in.nextInt();

if (n >= 100 && n <= 999)

System.out.println("Three Digit Number");
else
System.out.println("Not a three digit number");
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of Kboat3DigitNumber.java
BlueJ output of Kboat3DigitNumber.java
Question 45
Write a program to input three numbers and print the largest
of the three numbers.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatLargestNumber

{
 public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter first number: ");
int a = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter second number: ");
int b = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter third number: ");
int c = in.nextInt();

System.out.print("Largest number: ");

if (a > b && a > c)
System.out.println(a);
else if (b > a && b > c)
System.out.println(b);
else
System.out.println(c);
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatLargestNumber.java
Question 46
Write a program that takes a number and check if the given
number is a 3 digit number or not. (Use a loop to determine)

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatDigitCount

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
int n = in.nextInt();
int count = 0;

while (n != 0) {
count++;
n = n / 10;
}

if (count == 3)
System.out.println("Three digit number");
else
System.out.println("Not a three digit number");
 }
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatDigitCount.java
BlueJ output of KboatDigitCount.java
Question 47
Write a program that prints the squares of 10 even numbers
in the range 10 .. 100.

public class KboatSquares

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

System.out.println("Squares of even number:");

System.out.println("Number\tSquare");

for(int i = 10; i < 30; i += 2) {

int sq = i * i;
System.out.println(i + "\t" + sq);
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatSquares.java
Question 48
Write a program that inputs a number and checks if the given
number is a palindrome. A number that is equal to its
reversed number is a palindrome number.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatPalindromeNumber

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the number: ");
int num = in.nextInt();
int copyNum = num;
int revNum = 0;

while(copyNum != 0) {
int digit = copyNum % 10;
copyNum /= 10;
revNum = revNum * 10 + digit;
 }

if (revNum == num)
System.out.println("A Palindrome number");
else
System.out.println("Not a Palindrome number");
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatPalindromeNumber.java
BlueJ output of KboatPalindromeNumber.java
Question 49
Write a program to input a number in the range 10 to 100
and check if it is a prime number.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatPrime

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
System.out.print("Enter a number between 10 to 100 :
");
 Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int num = in.nextInt();

int c = 0;

if(num < 10 || num > 100)

System.out.println("Number out of range");
else {
for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++) {
if (num % i == 0)
c++;
}
if (c == 2)
System.out.println("Prime number");
else
System.out.println("Not a prime number");
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatPrime.java
BlueJ output of KboatPrime.java
Question 50
Write a program to print following series of numbers: 2, 5, 8,
11, 14....

public class KboatSeries

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
for (int i = 2; i <= 100; i += 3) {
System.out.print(i + " ");
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatSeries.java
Question 51
Write a program to print Fibonacci series : 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8....

public class KboatFibonacci

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int a = 0;
int b = 1;
 System.out.print(a + " " + b);
/*
* i is starting from 3 below
* instead of 1 because we have
* already printed 2 terms of
* the series. The for loop will
* print the series from third
* term onwards.
*/
for (int i = 3; i <= 20; i++) {
int term = a + b;
System.out.print(" " + term);
a = b;
b = term;
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatFibonacci.java
Question 52
Write a program to print factorial of a given number.
import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatFactorial

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
int n = in.nextInt();

long f = 1;

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

f *= i;
}

System.out.println("Factorial of " + n
+ " = " + f);

}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatFactorial.java
Question 53
Write a program to print Floyd's triangle as shown below:

1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatFloydsTriangle

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int a = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
System.out.print(a++ + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Output
BlueJ output of KboatFloydsTriangle.java