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Activity 1 Research

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Mary Chelsey Reporsado Dolar
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12 views3 pages

Activity 1 Research

Uploaded by

Mary Chelsey Reporsado Dolar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DOLAR, MARY CHELSEY R.

Research 1 (Activity) February 7, 2024


A group of researchers conducted a study to investigate the relationship between exercise
habits and body weight among college students. They surveyed 200 college students about
their weekly exercise frequency (in hours) and measured their body weight (in kilograms). The
data collected is as follows:

STUDENTS EXERCISE FREQUENCY (HOURS/WEEK) BODY WEIGHT (KG)


1 3 65
2 5 70
3 1 60
4 2 55
5 4 75
6 6 80

Based on the data provided, what can you infer about the relationship between exercise
frequency and body weight among college students?

Answers:
Based on the Table 11-1 of Jekel’s Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine,
and Public Health by Barrett, et al. (2013), the appropriate test or Test of Significance is
Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) and linear regression analysis since the given first
and second variables are categorized as continuous data. Thus, the following steps were
utilized in order to identify the relationship between exercise habits and body weight among
college students.
STEP 1: Tabular and Graphic Representation of the Data
Variable x (Exercise Variable y
Students
Frequency) (Body Weight)
1 3 65
2 5 70
3 1 60
4 2 55
5 4 75
6 6 80

STEP 2: Calculation of Moments

x y (x-x̄) (y-ȳ) (x-x̄) (y-ȳ) (x-x̄)2 (y-ȳ)2


3 65 -0.5 -2.5 1.25 0.25 6.25
5 70 1.5 2.5 3.75 2.25 6.25
1 60 -2.5 -7.5 18.75 6.25 56.25
2 55 -1.5 -12.5 18.75 2.25 156.25
4 75 0.5 7.5 3.75 0.25 56.25
6 80 2.5 12.5 31.25 6.25 156.25
∑=21 ∑=405 ∑=77.5 ∑=17.5 ∑=437.5
x̄=3.5 ȳ=67.5
Summary:

• ∑ (x) = 21 • ȳ = 405/6 = 67.5


• ∑ (y) = 405 • ∑(x-x̄)(y-ȳ) = 77.5
• N=6 • ∑(x-x̄)2 = 17.5
• x̄= 21/6 = 3.5 • ∑(y-ȳ)2 = 437.5

STEP 3: Calculation of Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r) and Strength of Association


of Variables (r2)
∑(𝑥 − 𝑥) (𝑦 − ȳ)
𝒓=
√∑(𝑥 − 𝑥)2 ∑(𝑦 − ȳ)2
77.5
𝒓=
√(17.5)(437.5)
77.5
𝒓=
√7,656.25
77.5
𝒓=
87.5
𝒓 = 0.88571429

𝒓 ≈ 𝟎. 𝟖𝟗

𝒓𝟐 = (0.88571429)2

𝑟 2 = 0.78448980351

𝒓𝟐 ≈ 𝟎. 𝟕𝟖

𝒓𝟐 ≈ 𝟕𝟖%

Interpretation: Based on the computed values which is r2 = 0.78, the two variables is highly
correlated since the range 0.7 to 0.9 indicates high correlation of the variables (Kieth, 2005).
Thus, the association between the frequency of exercise which is hours per week and the
body weight in kilograms is strong and positive with 78% of variation in y variable (body weight)
by variation in x variable (exercise frequency). This is due to the fact that when the computed
value for r2 is near 1 or -1, the linear relationship is strong; while, if it is approaching zero it is
considered as weak (Nickolas, 2023).

Basis for interpretation:


a. Degree of Correlation

If the value is near ± 1, then it said to be a perfect correlation: as one


Perfect variable increases, the other variable tends to also increase (if positive)
or decrease (if negative).
If the coefficient value lies between ± 0.50 and ± 1, then it is said to be a
High degree
strong correlation.
Moderate If the value lies between ± 0.30 and ± 0.49, then it is said to be a medium
degree correlation.
Low degree When the value lies below + 29, then it is said to be a small correlation.
No correlation When the value is zero.

b. Linear Correlation Coefficient

Near 1 or -1 the linear relationship is strong


Near 0 the linear relationship is weak

STEP 4: Calculation of the Slope (b) for a Regression of Weight (y) on Height (x)
∑(𝑥 − 𝑥) (𝑦 − ȳ)
𝒃=
∑(𝑥 − 𝑥)2
77.5
𝒃=
17.5
𝑏 = 4.42857143
𝒃 ≈ 𝟒. 𝟒𝟑
Interpretation: Looking at the computed value of the slope, it can be interpreted that there is
a 4.43-kg increase in weight (kg) for every hour per week increase of exercise
frequency.

Question: Based on the data provided, what can you infer about the relationship
between exercise frequency and body weight among college students?

• The two variables are highly correlated with a strong ang positive relationship. Thus,
there is a 4.43-kg increase in weight (kg) for every hour per week increase of exercise
frequency.

References:
Barrett, M. A., & Osofsky, S. A. (2013). Jekel’s Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Preventive
Medicine, and Public Health.
Calkins, K. (2005). Correlation Coefficients. Retrieved on
https://www.andrews.edu/~calkins/math/edrm611/edrm05.htm#:~:text=Correlation%2
0coefficients%20whose%20magnitude%20are%20between%200.7%20and%200.9%
20indicate,can%20be%20considered%20highly%20correlated.
Nickolas, S. (2023). Correlation Coefficients: Positive, Negative, and Zero. Retrieved on
https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/032515/what-does-it-mean-if-correlation-
coefficient-positive-negative-or-
zero.asp#:~:text=The%20sign%20of%20the%20linear,the%20linear%20relationship
%20is%20weak.

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