Matrix

Exercise
 Multiple Choice Questions
Level-I: Single Correct Option

Q1. The inverse of [−42 −32 ] is:

(a) – [ ]
1 2 3
8 4 2
(b) – [ ]
1 3 2
8 2 4
(c)
1 2 3
8 4 2[ ]
(d)
1 3 2
8 2 4[ ]
[ ]
0 −1 2
Q2. If A = 1 0 3 , then A + 2AT equals:
−2 −3 0
(a) A
(b) –AT
(c) AT
(d) 2A²

Q3. If A – 2B = [ 13 57 ] and 2A – 3B = [−20 57 ], then matrix B is equal to:

(a) [−4
−6 −7 ]
−5

(b) [
−3 7 ]
0 6

(c) [
3 2 ]
2 −1

(d) [
0 1 ]
6 −1

Q4. If A = [ 2 x−3
4 x +2
x +1 ]
is symmetric, then x is equal to:
(a) 3
(b) 5
(c) 2
(d) 4

Q5. Matrix [1 2] ([ −2 5 1
3 2 2 ] [ ]) is equal to:
(a) [1 2 2]
(b) [2 3]
(c) [2 2]
(d) none of these

Q6. If A and B are two skew-symmetric matrices of order n. then:

(a) AB is a skew-symmetric matrix
(b) AB is a symmetric matrix
(c) AB is a symmetric matrix if A and B commute
(d) none of the above

Q7. If a square matrix A is involutory, then A 2n + 1 is equal to:

(a) I
(b) A
(c) A² (2n + 1) A
(d)

Q8. If A³ = O, then I + A + A² is equal to:

(a) I – A
(b) (I + A)–1
(c) (I + A)–1
(d) none of these

Q9. If A² = A, then (I + A)⁴ is equal to:

(a) I + A
(b) I + 4A
(c) I + 15A
(d) none of these

[ ]
2 0 −3
Q10. If A = 4 3 1 is expressed as the sum of a symmetric and skew-
−5 7 2
symmetric matrix, then the symmetric matrix is:

[ ]
2 4 −6
(a) 0 3 7
−3 1 2

[ ]
4 4 −8
(b) 4 6 8
−8 8 4

[ ]
2 2 −4
(c) 2 3 4
−4 4 2

[ ]
1 0 0
(d) 0 1 0
0 0 1

[ ]
3 −2 −1
Q11. Inverse of the matrix −4 1 −1 is:
2 0 1
 [ ]
1 2 3
(a) 3 3 7
−2 −4 −5

[ ]
1 2 3
(b) 2 5 7
−2 −4 −5

[ ]
1 −3 5
(c) 7 4 6
4 2 7

[ ]
1 2 −4
(d) 8 −4 −5
3 5 2

Q12. If A is a 3 × 3 skew-symmetric matrix, then |A| is given by

(a) 0
(b) –1
(c) 1
(d) none of these

[ ]
1 3 α+2
Q13. If the matrix 2 4 8 is singular, then α is equal to:
3 5 10
(a) –4
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) –2

[ ]
5 0 0
Q14. If A = 5 x x 0 and |adj (Adj A)| = 625, then x has:
x 5x 5
(a) exactly one real value
(b) exactly two real values
(c) exactly three real values
(d) no real values

Q15. If A is a non-singular matrix and B is any matrix satisfying AB – BA =

A, then:
(a) |B| = 0
(b) |A| = 1
(c) |B + I| = |B – I|
(d) |B| = 1

Q16. If A = [ 11 11] and det. (A – I) = 1 – λ , n ∈ N, then the value of λ, is:

n n

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

[ ]
0 1 −1
Q17. A is an involutary matrix given by A = 4 −3 4 , then the inverse
3 −3 4
A
of will be:
2
(a) 2A
−1
A
(b)
2
A
(c)
2
(d) A²

Q18. Let the matrix A and B be defined as A = [ 32 21] and B = [ 37 31], then
the value of det. (2A⁹ B–1), is:
(a) 2
(b) 1
(c) –1
(d) –2

Q19. Identify the incorrect statement in respect of two square matrices A

and B conformable for sum and product.
(a) tr (A + B) = tr (A) + tr (B)
(b) tr (αA) = α tr (A), α ∈ R
(c) tr (AT) = tr (A)
(d) tr (AB) ≠ tr (BA)

Q20. Given A = [ 12 32]; I = [ 10 01]. If A – λI is a singular matrix, then:

(a) λ ∈ ϕ
(b) λ² – 3λ – 4 = 0
(c) λ² + 3λ + 4 = 0
(d) λ² – 3λ – 6 = 0

[ ] []
1 2 3 0
Q21. Let A = 2 0 5 and b = −3 . Which of the following is true?
0 2 1 1
(a) Ax = b has a unique solution.
(b) Ax = b has exactly three solutions
(c) Ax = b has infinitely many solutions.
(d) Ax = b is inconsistent.

Q22. If A, B and C are n × n matrices and det (A) = 2, det (B) = 3 and det
(C) = 5, then the value of the det (A² BC–1) is equal to:
 6
(a)
5
12
(b)
5
18
(c)
5
24
(d)
5

Q23. Which of the following statements is incorrect for a square matrix A

(|A| ≠ 0)?
(a) If A is a symmetric matrix, A–1 will also be a diagonal matrix.
(b) If A is a symmetric matrix, A–1 will also be a symmetric matrix.
(c) If A–1 = A ⇒ A is an idempotent matrix.
(d) If A–1 = A ⇒ A is an involutary matrix.

[ ]
a b c
Q24. Let A = p q r and suppose that det. (A) = 2, then the det. (B)
x y z

[ ]
4 x 2a −p
equals, where B = 4 y 2 b −q :
4 z 2 c −r
(a) det (B) = –2
(b) det (B) = –8
(c) det (B) = –16
(d) det (B) = 8

Q25. If A is a square matrix of order 2, then –tr (A²) + (tr (A))² is equal to:
| A|
(a)
2
(b) 2|A|
(c) 3|A|
(d) 4|A|

[ ][ ] [ ]
1 2 2 x 0
Q26. The equation 1 3 4 y = 0 has a solution for (x, y, z) besides (0,
3 4 k z 0
0, 0). The value of k equals:
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 3

[ ] [ 10 ]
50
1 2 r −1 2r −1
Q27. For a matrix A =
0 1
, the value of ∏ 1
is equal to:
r=1

(a) [ 10 100
1 ]
(b)
0 [
1 4950
1 ]
(c)
0 [
1 5050
1 ]
(d)
0 [
1 2500
1 ]
Q28. A and B are two given matrices such that the order of A is 3 × 4, if A’
B and BA’ are both defined, then:
(a) order of B’ is 3 × 4
(b) order of B’ A is 4 × 4
(c) order of B’ A is 3 × 3
(d) B’ A is undefined

Level-II: Single Correct option

Q1. If A = [ 00 50] and f(x) = 1 + x + x² + … + x , then f(A) is equal to:

16

(a) 0
(b)
1
0[ 51 ]
(c)
1
0 [ 50]
(d)
0
1[ 51 ]
Q2. If Ar = (r −1
r
r)
r −1
where r ∈ N, then the value of |A₁| + |A₂| + … + |
A₂₀₀₆| is:
(a) 2006
(b) (2006)²
(c) (2006)³
(d) 2007

Q3. If [ αγ −αβ ] is to be square root of two rowed unit matrix, then α, β and
γ should satisfy the relation:
(a) 1 + α² + βγ = 0
(b) 1 – α² – βγ = 0
(c) 1 – α² + βγ = 0
(d) α² + βγ = 1

[ ]
−8 1 4
1
Q4. If A = 4 4 7 , then AAT is:
9
1 −8 4
(a) involutary matrix
(b) idempotent matrix
(c) orthogonal matrix
(d) nilpotent matrix

Q5. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 such that |A| = 5. Then |adj (adj
A)| is equal to:
(a) 625
(b) 125
(c) 3025
(d) none of these

Q6. Let A, B, C be three square matrices of the same order, such that
whenever AB = AC, then B = C, if A is:
(a) singular
(b) non-singular
(c) symmetric
(d) skew-symmetric

[ ]
0 2y z
Q7. Let A = x y −z and A’. A = I, then the value of x² + y² + z² is:
x −y z
(a) 1
(b) 2
1
(c)
2
(d) none of these

Q8. Let A = [ 13 24] and B = [ ac bd ] are two matrices such that AB = BA and c
a−d
≠ 0, then value of is:
3 b−c
(a) 0
(b) 2
(c) –2
(d) –1

Q9. If B is a non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix, then det (B –1 AB)

is equal to:
(a) det (A–1)
(b) det (B–1)
(c) det (A)
(d) det (B)

[ ]
−1 2 2
Q10. If k 2 −1 2 is an orthogonal matrix, then k is equal to:
2 2 −1
(a) 1
(b) 1/2
(c) 1/3
(d) none of these

[ ]
2 0 0
Q11. If A = 2 2 0 , then adj. (adj. A) is equal to:
2 2 2

[ ]
1 0 0
(a) 8 1 1 0
1 1 1

[ ]
1 0 0
(b) 64 1 1 0
1 1 1

[ ]
1 0 0
(c) 16 1 1 0
1 1 1
(d) none of these

[ ]
1 k 3
Q12. If P = 1 3 3 is the adjoint of a 3 × 3 matrix Q and det. (Q) = 6,
2 4 4
then k is equal to:
(a) 21
(b) 18
(c) 36
(d) 42

Q13. Let n denotes the number of skew-symmetric matrices out of the

matrices given below:

[ ] [ ]
0 −1 5 1 −2 3
R= 1 0 3,S= 2 2 −1
−5 −3 0 −3 1 4

T= [ 0 −2
2 0 ] ,U= [ ]1 5
−5 1
The value of n is equal to:
2 2
tan 10 ° . sin 10 °
(a) 2 2
tan 10−sin 10 °
3
cos 9 °−cos 27 °
(b)
cos 9°
(c) 1 + cos 2x + 2 sin² x
8 sin 40 ° .sin 50 ° . tan 10°
(d)
cos 80 °

Q14. Let A be a non-singular matrix of order 3 such that det. (A) = 5 and B
is also a non-singular matrix satisfying A –1 B² + AB = O. the value of det.
(A⁶ – 2A⁴ B + A² B²) is equal to
(a) 0
(b) 5⁶
(c) 2³ 5⁶
(d) 10⁶

[ ] [ ]
2 2
cos α sin α cos α cos β sin β cos β
Q15. If A = 2 ;B= are such that, AB
sin α cos α sin α sin β cos β sin2 β
is a null matrix, then which of the following should necessarily be an odd
π
integral multiple of ?
2
(a) α
(b) β
(c) α – β
(d) α + β

Q16. For a given matrix A = [ cos θ

sin θ cos θ]
−sin θ
which of the following statement
holds good?
(a) A = A–1 ∀ θ ∈ R
π
(b) A is symmetric, for θ = (2n + 1) ,n∈I
2
(c) A is an orthogonal matrix for θ ∈ R
(d) A is a skew-symmetric, for θ = nπ; n ∈ I

Q17. If A is matrix such that A² + A + 2I = O, then which of the following is

INCORRECT?
(a) A is non-singular
(b) A ≠ 0
(c) A is symmetric
1
(d) A–1 = – (A + I)
2

Q18. The number of solutions of the matrix equation X² = I other than I, is:
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) more than 2

Q19. Let A, B, C, D be (not necessarily square) real matrix such that A T =

BCD; BT = CDA; CT = DAB and DT = ABC for the matrix S = ABCD, consider
the two statements.
I. S³ = S
II. S² = S⁴
(a) II is true but not I
(b) I is true but not II
(c) both I and II are true
(d) both I and II are false
Q20. A =
1
[
−tan x
tan x
1 ]
, then let us define a function f(x) = det. (AT A–1),
then which of the following can not be the value of

is: (n ≥ 2)
(a) f n (x)
(b) 1
(c) f n – 1 (x)
(d) nf (x)

Q21. If every element of a square non-singular matrix A is multiplied by k

and the new matrix is denoted by B, then |A–1| and |B–1| are related as:
(a) |A–1| = k |B–1|
1
(b) |A–1| = |B–1|
k
(c) |A–1| = kn |B–1|
(d) |A–1| = k–n |B–1|
(where n is order of matrices)

Q22. Matrix A satisfies A² = 2A – I where I is the identity matrix, then for n

≥ 2, An is equal to (n ∈ N):
(a) nA – I
(b) 2n – 1 A – (n – 1) I
(c) nA – (n – 1) I
(d) 2n – 1 A – I

Q23. A is a 2 × 2 matrix such that A [−11 ] = [−12] and A² [−11 ] = [ 10]. The sum
of the elements of A, is:
(a) –1
(b) 0
(c) 2
(d) 5

Q24. Consider a matrix A(θ) = [−cos

sin θ
θ ]
cos θ
sin θ
, then:
(a) A(θ) is symmetric
(b) A(θ) is skew-symmetric
(c) A–1 (θ) = A(π – θ)
(d) A² (θ) = A
π
2(−2θ)
Q25. If A is an invertible matrix, then (adj A) –1 is equal to:
(a) adj (A–1)
A
(b)
det A
(c) A
(d) (det A) A

Q26. If A and B are symmetric matrices and AB = BA, then A –1 B is a:

(a) symmetric matrix
(b) skew-symmetric matrix
(c) unit matrix
(d) nilpotent matrix

Q27. If A and B are non-singular symmetric matrices of the same order

such that AB = BA and P = (AB–1)T and Q = (A–1 B)T, then (PQ)–1 is equal to:
(a) AB–1 AB
(b) A–1 B–1 AB
(c) A–1 BA–1 B
(d) A² B²

[ ]
6 4 4
Q28. Let A = [aij]3 × 3 be a matrix. If A + A = a21 +a12 10 a 23+ a32 where a₁₂,
T

a31 +a13 4 8
a₂₃ and a₃₁ are the positive root of the equation x³ – 6x² + px – 8 = 0, p ∈
R, then the value of det (A) is:
[Note: AT denotes the transpose of matrix A.]
(a) 28
(b) 24
(c) 1
(d) 0

Q29. If A = [ cos θ
sin θ
sin θ
−cos θ],B= [
1 0
−1 1 ]
, C = ABAT, then AT Cn A (n ∈ I+) equal
to:
(a) [−n1 10]
(b) [
0 1 ]
1 −n

(c) [
1 −1 ]
0 1

(d) [
−n 1 ]
1 0

Q30. If P(θ) = [−cot1 θ

cot θ
1 ]
and PQ = I, then (cosec² θ) Q is given by:
(where I is an identity matrix of 2 × 2 order)
(a) P(θ)
(b) P(–θ)
(c) P(2θ)
(d) I
 [ ]
1 2 2
Q31. If 3A = 2 1 −2 , where A is an orthogonal matrix, then (x + y) is
x 2 y
equal to:
(a) –1
(b) 1
(c) –3
(d) 3

Q32. If A = [ cos θ
sin θ
−sin θ
cos θ ], A–1 is given by:
(a) –A
(b) AT
(c) –AT
(d) A

Q33. If the product of n matrices [ 10 11] [ 10 21] [ 10 31] …… [ 10 n1] is equal to

the matrix [ 10 378
1 ], then the value of n is equal to:
(a) 26
(b) 27
(c) 377
(d) 378

[ ]
1 sin θ 1 1
Q34. Let A = −sin θ 1 sin θ , where 0 ≤ θ < 2π, then:
−1 −sinθ 1
(a) det (A) = 0
(b) det A ∈ (0, ∞)
(c) det (A) ∈ [2, 4]
(d) det A ∈ [2, ∞)

Q35. There are two possible values of A in the solution of the matrix

[ ] [ ] [ ]
−1
2 A+ 1 −5 A−5 B 14 D
equation = where A, B, C, D, E, F are real
−4 A 2 A−2 C E F
numbers. The absolute value of the difference of these two solutions, is:
8
(a)
3
11
(b)
3
1
(c)
3
19
(d)
3

Q36. If AAT = I and det (A) ≠ 1, then:

(a) every element is equal to its cofactor
(b) every element is equal to additive inverse of its cofactor
(c) every element and its cofactor are multiplicative inverse of each other
(d) none of the above

Solutions

Multiple Choice Questions

Level-I: Single Correct Option

S1. Ans.(a)
Sol.

S2. Ans.(c)
Sol.

[ ] [ ]
0 1 −2 0 2 −4
A = −1 0 −3 , 2A = −2 0 −6
T T

2 3 0 4 6 0

[ ]
0 1 −2
2AT + A = −1 0 −3 = AT
2 3 0
Alternate: A = –A (∵ A is skew-symmetric.)
T

So, 2AT + A = AT + A – A = AT

S3. Ans.(a)
Sol.
We have,
B = (2A – 3B) – 2(A – 2B) = [−4
−6 −7 ]
−5

S4. Ans.(b)
Sol.
A’ = A
∴[ 4 2 x−3
x+2 x +1 ] [
=
4 x +2
2 x−3 x +1 ]
∴ x + 2 = 2x – 3
⇒x=5

S5. Ans.(c)
Sol.

We have, [1, ] ([ ] [ ]) = [1 2] [−2+10

−2 5 1
3 2 2 3+ 4 ] = [1 2] [ ]
8
7
= [8 + 14]
= [2 2]
S6. Ans.(c)
Sol.
We are given
A’ = –A and B’ = –B
Now, (AB)’ = B’ A’ = (–B) (–A) = BA
= AB if A and B commute.

S7. Ans.(b)
Sol.
A2n + 1 = (A²)n. A = I. A = A

S8. Ans.(b)
Sol.
A³ = O
(I + A + A²) (I – A) = I – A³ = I
∴ I + A + A² = (I – A)–1

S9. Ans.(c)
Sol.
(I + A)² (I + A)² = (I + IA + AI + A²)²
(I + 2A + A)² = (I + 3A)²
= I + 9A² + 3IA + 3AI = I + 15A

S10. Ans.(c)
Sol.
T
A+A
Sym. Matrix =
2

[ ][ ]
2 0 −3 2 4 −5
= 4 3 1 + 0 3 7
−5 7 2 −3 1 2

[ ]
2 2 −4
= 2 3 4
−4 4 2

S11. Ans.(b)
Sol.

| |
3 −2 −1
|A| = −4 1 −1
2 0 1
= 3(1) + 2(–4 + 2) – 1(0 – 2)
=3–4+2=1

[ ] [ ]
T
1 2 −2 1 2 3
adj A = 2 5 −4 = 2 5 7
3 7 −5 −2 −4 −5

[ ]
1 2 3
adj A
A =
–1
= 2 5 7
| A| −2 −4 −5
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol.

( )
0 a b
Let A = −a 0 c be the given skew-symmetrix matrix.
−b −c 0

| || |
0 a b 0 −a −b
We have, |A| = −a 0 c = a 0 −c
−b −c 0 b c 0
[∵ |A| = |A’|]

| |
0 a b
= (–1)³ −a 0 c = –|A|
−b −c 0
⇒ 2|A| = 0 ⇒ |A| = 0

S13. Ans.(b)
Sol.
|A| = 0

| |
1 3 α +2
2 4 8 =0
3 5 10
1(0) – 3(20 – 24) + (α + 2) (–2) = 0
12 – 2α – 4 = 0 ⇒ α = 4

S14. Ans.(b)
Sol.
|A| = 25x
(25x)⁴ = 625
1
x=±
5

S15. Ans.(c)
Sol.
AB = BA + A ⇒ |B| = |B + I|
And |B + I| = |B – I|

S16. Ans.(b)
Sol.

[ ]
n−1 n−1
2 −1 2
A –I=
n
2 n−1 2n −1−1
Hence, |An – I| = (2n – 1 – 1)² – (2n – 1)²
= (2n – 1 – 1 – 2n – 1) (2n – 1 – 1 + 2n – 1)
= 1 – 2n
Hence, λ = 2.

S17. Ans.(a)
Sol.
A is involutary ⇒ A² = I ⇒ A = A–1
Now, A² = ( A2 ) (2A) = I
⇒ 2A = ( )
−1
A
2

S18. Ans.(d)
Sol.
2 9 2 9
2 ( Det . A ) 2 (−1 )
Det. (2A⁹ B–1) = = = –2
Det . B 2

S19. Ans.(d)
Sol.

S20. Ans.(b)
Sol.
A – λI =[ ] [ ] [
1 3
2 2
–
λ 0
0 λ
=
1−λ
2
3
2− λ ]
Since A – λI is singular ⇒ det (A - λ I) = 0
Now, |1−λ
2 | 3
2−λ
= (1 – λ) (2 – λ) – 6 = λ² – 3λ – 4
Hence, λ² – 3λ – 4 = 0

S21. Ans.(a)
Sol.
|A| = 1(0 – 10) – 2(2 – 6)
= –10 + 8 = –2 ⇒ |A| ≠ 0 ⇒ unique solution.

S22. Ans.(b)
Sol.
|A| = 2; |B| = 3; |C| = 5
2
| A| |B| 4. 3 12
Det (A² BC ) = |A² BC | =
–1 –1
= =
|C| 5 5

S23. Ans.(c)
Sol.
A² = I → Involutary matrix
A² = A → Idempotent matrix

S24. Ans.(c)
Sol.

| | | |
4x 2a −p x a p
det (B) = 4 y 2 b −q = (4) (2) (–1) y b q
4z 2 c −r z c r

| | | |
x y z a b c
= –8 a b c = –8 p q r = –8 × 2 = –16
p q r x y z
S25. Ans.(b)
Sol.
A= [ ]
a b
c d
⇒ tr(A) = a + d

A² = [ ] [ ] =[ ]
2
a b a b a + bc ab+bd
c d c d ac +cd bc +d 2
tr(A²) = a² + 2bc + d²
–tr(A²)x + (tr(A))² = –(a² + 2bc + d²) + (a + d)²
= 2(–bc + ad) = 2|A|

S26. Ans.(c)
Sol.

| |
1 2 2
1 3 4 =0
3 4 k
1(3k – 16) – 2(k – 12) + 2(4 – 9) = 0
3k – 16 – 2k + 24 – 10 = 0
k=2

S27. Ans.(d)
Sol.

S28. Ans.(b)
Sol.
A = 3 × 4; A’ = 4 × 3
As A’ B is defined ⇒ let order of B = 2 × n
Now, BA’ = (3 × n) × (4 × 3)
⇒n=4
∴ Order of B is 3 × 4.
∴ Order of B’ = 4 × 3.
Order of B’ A = (4 × 3) × (3 × 4) = 4 × 4

Level-II: Single Correct Option

S1. Ans.(b)
Sol.
f(A) = I + A + A² + … + A16
A= [ ]
0 5
0 0
⇒ A² =[ ] [ ] [ 00]
0 5 0 5
0 0 0 0
=
0
0
A³ = A². A = [ ]
0 0
0 0

[ 00]
Similarly, A⁴ = A⁵ = … = A16 =
0
0
f(A) =[ ] [ ] [ ]
1 0
0 1
+
0 5
0 0
+
0 0
0 0
+…+
0 0
0 0 [ ]
=[
0 1]
1 5

S2. Ans.(b)
Sol.
|Ar| = 2r – 1
|A₁| + |A₂| + |A₃| + … + |A₂₀₀₆|
2006
= ∑ ( 2r −1 ) = (2006)²
r =1

S3. Ans.(b)
Sol.

[α β
γ −α ] √[ ]
= 1 0
0 1

[ ] [ ]
2
α β 1 0
⇒ =
γ −α 0 1

[ ] [ ]
2
α + βγ 0 1 0
⇒ 2 =
0 βγ + α 0 1
Hence, choice (b) is true.

S4. Ans.(c)
Sol.

[ ]
−8 4 1
1
AT = 1 4 −8
9
4 7 4

[ ]
81 0 0
1
AA =
T
0 81 0 = I
81
0 0 81

S5. Ans.(a)
Sol.
|adj (adj A)| = |A|(n – 1)² = (5)(3 – 1)² = 5⁴ = 625

S6. Ans.(b)
Sol.
If A is non-singular, A–1 exists.
Thus, AB = AC ⇒ A–1 (AB) = A–1 (AC)
⇒ (A–1 A) B = (A–1 A) C
⇒ IB = IC ⇒ B = C

S7. Ans.(a)
Sol.

[ ][ ]
0 x x 0 2y z
I = A’ A = 2 y y − y x y −z
z −z z x −y z
 [ ]
2 x2 0 0
2
= 0 6y 0
0 0 3 z2
∴ 2x² = 6y² = 3z² = 1
1 1 1
∴ x² + y² + z² = + +
2 6 3
3+1+2
= =1
6

S8. Ans.(d)
Sol.
AB = [ ][ ] [
1 2 a b
3 4 c d
=
a+ 2 c b +2 d
3 a+ 4 c 2 c +4 d ]
BA = [ ][ ] [
a b 1 2
c d 3 4
=
a+3 b 2 a+ 4 b
c +3 d 2 c +4 d ]
If AB = BA, then a + 2c = a + 3b.
⇒ 2c = 3b ⇒ b ≠ 0
b + 2d = 2a + 4b
⇒ 2a – 2d = –3b
−3
b
a−d 2
= = –1
3 b−c 3
3 b− b
2

S9. Ans.(c)
Sol.
det (B–1 AB) = det (B–1) det A det B
= det (B–1) det B. det A = det (B–1 B). det A
= det (I). det A = I. det A = det A
Hence, (c) is correct

S10. Ans.(c)
Sol.

[ ]
−1 2 2
Let A = k 2 −1 2
2 2 −1

[ ]
−1 2 2
∴ A = k 2 −1 2
T

2 2 −1
Since A is orthogonal.
∴ AAT = I

[ ][ ]
−1 2 2 −1 2 2
⇒ k² 2 −1 2 2 −1 2 = I
2 2 −1 2 2 −1

[ ]
9 0 0
⇒ k² 0 9 0 = I
0 0 9
⇒ 9k² I = I
1
⇒ k² =
9
1
⇒k=±
3

S11. Ans.(c)
Sol.
adj (adj A) = |A|n – 2. A
|A| = 8
adj (adj A) = 83 – 2. A = 8A

[ ] [ ]
16 0 0 1 0 0
= 16 16 0 = 16 1 1 0
16 16 16 1 1 1

S12. Ans.(a)
Sol.

S13. Ans.(c)
Sol.

S14. Ans.(d)
Sol.

S15. Ans.(c)
Sol.

( )( )
2 2
cos α sin α cos α cos β sin β
AB = 2 2
sin α cos α sin α sin β cos β sin β

( )
2 2 2 2
cos α cos β +sin α cos α sin β cosβ cos α sinβ cosβ +sinα cosα sin β
=
cos 2 β sinα cosα +sin2 α sinβ cosβ sinα cosα sinβ cosβ +sin 2 α sin2 β

= (cosα cosβ cos ( α−β ) cosα sinβ cos ( α− β )

sinα cosβ cos ( α −β ) sinα sinβ cos ( α −β ) )
π
⇒ α – β must be an odd integral multiple of .
2

S16. Ans.(c)
Sol.
Obviously A is orthogonal as
2 2 2 2 2 2
a 11 +a12 = 1 = a 21+a 22=a11 + a22
π
For skew-symmetric matrix, aii = 0 ⇒ θ = (2n + 1)
2
For symmetric matrix, A = AT ⇒ sinθ = 0 ⇒ θ = nπ
Also, adj A = (
cosθ sinθ
−sinθ cosθ )
and |A| = 1
Hence, A = A–1 is possible if sinθ = 0.

S17. Ans.(c)
Sol.
We have, A(A + I) = –2I
⇒ |A (A + I)| = |–2I|
⇒ |A| |A + I| = 4 ≠ 0
Thus, |A| ≠ 0
⇒ A is non-singular.
⇒ (a) is correct.
Also, A ( −1
2 )
( A+ I ) = I
1
⇒ A–1 = – (A + I)
2
⇒ (d) is correct.
Also, A = 0 does not satisfy the given equation ⇒ A ≠ 0.

]
2
A + A +2 I =0
Again, T 2 T subtract again will
( A ) + A +2 I =0
AT = B.
(A² – B²) + (A – B) = 0
(A – B) (A + B + I) = 0
⇒ A – B = 0 or A + B + I = 0

S18. Ans.(d)
Sol.
X² = ( )( ) ( )
a b a b
c d c d
=
1 0
0 1

=( ) =(
0 1)
2
a +bc ab+ bd 1 0
2
ac+ cd bc +d
They should be simultaneously satisfied.
a² + bc = 1 …(i)
b(a + d) = 0 …(ii)
c(a + d) = 0 …(iii)
bc + d² = 1 …(iv)
From eqn. (i), bc = 1 – a²
From Eqn. (iv), 1 – a² + d² = 1
a² – d² = 0
⇒ a = d or a = –d
Case I: a = d
From eqn. (ii), 2ab = 0 and 2ac = 0.
1
If a = 0, then d = 0 and from eqn. (i), c = .
b
Hence, general matrix X satisfying X² = I can be

( )
0 b
1 ⇒ infinite in number with b ∈ R – {0}.
0
b

S19. Ans.(c)
Sol.
S = ABCD = A(BCD) = AAT …(i)
S³ = (ABCD) (ABCD) (ABCD)
= (ABC) (DAB) (CDA) (BCD)
= DT C T BT A T
(BCD)T AT = AAT …(ii)

⇒ I is correct.
From eqns. (i) and (ii), S = S³.

⇒ II is correct ⇒ Both I and II are true.

Multiply both sides by S, S² = S⁴.

S20. Ans.(d)
Sol.
A= [ 1
−tanx ]
tanx
1
Hence, det A = sec² x
∴ det AT = sec² x
Now, f(x) = det (AT A–1)
= (det AT) (det A–1)
= (det AT) (det A)–1
det ( A T )
= =1
det( A )
Hence, f(x) = 1.

S21. Ans.(c)
Sol.
Verify by taking a square matrix A = [ ac bd ] or [ 10 01].
S22. Ans.(c)
Sol.
A² = 2A – I
⇒ A³ = 2A² – IA
= 2(2A – I) – A (A² = 2A – I)
A³ = 3A – 2I
A⁴ = 3A² – 2A
= 3(2a – I) – 2A (A² = 2A – I)
A⁴ = 4A – 3I
A⁵ = 5A – 4I
………
………
An = nA – (n – 1) I

S23. Ans.(d)
Sol.
A [ ] [ ]
−1
1
=
−1
2
…(i)

[ ] []
And A²
1
−1
=
1
0
…(ii)
Let A be given by A = [ ]
a b
c d
; hence,
a b
c d[ ] [−11 ] = [−12];
[ a−b
c−d ] =[ ]
−1
2
The first equation gives
a – b = –1 …(iii)
and c – d = 2 …(iv)
for second equation,
A² [ ]
1
−1
=A A ( [ ])
1
−1
=A
−1
2
=
1
0 ([ ]) [ ]
This gives – a + 2b = 1 …(v)
And –c + 2d = 0 …(vi)
Eqns. (iii) + (v) ⇒ b = 0 and a = –1.
Eqns. (iv) + (vi) ⇒ d = 2 and c = 4.
So, the sum a + b + c + d = 5.

S24. Ans.(c)
Sol.
As A(θ) = [sinθ cosθ
−cosθ sinθ ]
A(θ) is certainly neither symmetric nor skew-symmetric.
Further, A(π - θ) = [
sinθ −cosθ
cosθ sinθ ]
And A(θ). A(π - θ)
= [ ][
sinθ cosθ sinθ −cosθ
−cosθ sinθ cosθ sinθ ]
= [ ]
1 0
0 1
⇒ A–1 (θ) = A(π - θ)
A²(θ) = [ sinθ cosθ
][
sinθ cosθ
−cosθ sinθ −cosθ sinθ ]
= [−cos 2 θ sin 2θ
−sin 2 θ −cos 2 θ
≠A] π
2
−2θ ( )
S25. Ans.(a)
Sol.
A (adj A) = |A| I = (adj A) A
1
(adj A)–1 A–1 = = A–1 (adj A)–1 …(i)
| A|
{Taking inverse}
Also, A–1 (adj A–1) = |A–1| I
1
⇒ A–1 (adj A–1) = I …(ii)
| A|
A–1 (adj A–1) = A–1 (adj A)–1
[From eqns. (i) and (ii)]
(adj A–1) = (adj A)–1
Option (b) is correct.
A (adj A) = |A| I
A
⇒ (adj A) = I
| A|
A
⇒ (adj A)–1 =
| A|
Option (a) is correct.

S26. Ans.(a)
Sol.
We have, AB = BA = B’ A’ = (ab)’
⇒ AB is symmetric.
Also, ABA–1 = BAA–1 = B
⇒ BA–1 = A–1 B
Now, (A–1 B)1 = (BA–1)1 = (A–1 B)1 = (BA–1)1
= (A–1)1 B1 = A–1 B
(∵ A–1 is symmetric)

S27. Ans.(b)
Sol.
P = (AB–1)T = (B–1)T. AT = (BT)–1. AT = B–1 A
Similarly, Q = BA–1
Now, (PQ)–1 = Q–1 P–1
= (BA–1)–1 (B–1 A)–1 = AB–1 A–1 B
= A(AB)–1 B = (AA–1 B–1 B) = (AA–1) (B–1 B)
= I = (AB)–1 AB = (BA)–1 AB = A–1 B–1 AB

S28. Ans.(a)
Sol.
Clearly A + A–1 is a symmetric matrix.
Also, equation x³ – 6x² + 8x – 8 = 0 has roots a₁₂, a₂₃, a₃₁ = 2

}
a21 +a 12=4
∴ a31 +a 13=4 ⇒ a₂₁ = a₁₃ = a₂₃ = 2
a23 +a 32=4
And for diagonal elements.
2a₁₁ = 6, 2a₂₂ = 10, 2a₃₃ = 8
⇒ a₁₁ = 3, a₂₂ = 5, a₃₃ = 4

[ ]
3 2 2
∴A= 2 5 2
2 2 4
⇒ |A| = 3(20 – 4) – 2(8 – 4) + 2(4 – 10)
= 48 – 8 – 12 = 28

S29. Ans.(d)
Sol.
AT ABAT ABAT – ABAT A
AAT = [
cosθ sinθ
][
cosθ sinθ
sinθ −cosθ sinθ −cosθ
=
1 0
0 1] [ ]
=1
C = Bn
B² = [ 1 0
−1 1 ][ 1 0
−1 1
= ] [
1 0
−2 1 ]
S30. Ans.(b)
Sol.

Q=P =–1
1 −cotθ
cotθ [
2
1 ]
cose c θ
∴ Q cosec² θ = P (–θ)

S31. Ans.(c)
Sol.

[ ][ ]
1 2 2 1 2 x
1
AAT = I ⇒ 2 1 −2 2 1 2
9
x 2 y 2 −2 y

[ ]
9 0 x +4 +2 y
1
= 0 9 2 x +2−2 y
9 2 2
x+ 4+ 2 y 2 x +2−2 y x +4 + y
⇒ x = –2; y = –1

S32. Ans.(b)
Sol.
For ajd A interchange the diagonal elements and change the sign of off
diagonal elements.
We have A–1
1 cosθ sinθ
cos θ+sin θ −sinθ cosθ
2 2 [ ]
= [
cosθ sinθ
−sinθ cosθ
= AT ]
⇒ A is orthogonal matrix.

S33. Ans.(b)
Sol.

[ ]
n ( n+1 )
Product =
1
0
2
1
;p=
0 [
1 1+2+3+ …+n
1 ]
n ( n+1 )
∴ = 378 ⇒ n = 27
2

S34. Ans.(c)
Sol.

| |
1 sinθ 1
|A| = −sinθ 1 sinθ
−1 −sinθ 1
= 1(1 + sin²θ) – sinθ (–sinθ + sinθ) + (1 + sin² θ) = 2 (1 + sin² θ)
|sin θ| ≤ 1 ⇒ –1 ≤ sinθ ≤ 1 ⇒ 0 ≤ sin² θ ≤ 1
⇒ 1 ≤ 1 + sin² θ ≤ 2
⇒ 2 ≤ 2 (1 + sin² θ) ≤ 4
⇒ |A| ∈ [2, 4]

S35. Ans.(d)
Sol.
If P = [ ]
a b
c d [
= adj P =
d −b
−c a ]
adj A
Also, A–1 =
det A

] [ ]A 5
[
−1
2 A+ 1 −5
∴ = 4 2 A+1
−4 A 2
2 A + A−20
∴
1
[ ][
A 5
2 A + A−20 4 2 A+1 2 A−2 C
2

2
A−5 B
=] [
14 D
E F ]
A −5 A−10
This gives, 2 = 14
2 A + A−20
10
⇒ A = 3 or –
3
10 19
∴3+ =
3 3

S36. Ans.(a)
Sol.
AAT = I ⇒ |A|² = 1 ⇒ |A| = ± 1 ⇒ |A| = –1 {∵ |A| ≠ 1}
A–1 = AT {∴ A is orthogonal matrix}
adj A
∴ = AT
| A|

[ ][ ]
c 11 c 21 c 31 a11 a21 a 31
∴ – c 12 c 22 c 32 = a12 a22 a 32
c 13 c 23 c 33 a13 a23 a33
(where, cij represents cofactor of aij)
⇒ Every element is additive inverse of its cofactor.