Microservice Interview Questions PDF

1. What do you understand by Monolithic Architecture?

• Monolithic architecture is like a big container that contains all the software
components of an application.
• These applications are clubbed inside a single package within the application.

2. What are the main components of Microservices?

• Containers, Clustering, and Orchestration

• IaC (Infrastructure as Code Conception)
• Cloud Infrastructure
• API Gateway
• Enterprise Service Bus
• Service Delivery

3. Which are some famous companies that are using Microservice architecture?

• Most large-scale software companies and websites such as Twitter, Netflix, Amazon
are using microservices architecture instead of monolithic architecture.

4. What are the biggest challenges in Microservice deployment?

• It requires a heavy infrastructure setup also.

• Microservices require a heavy investment.
• We need excessive planning for managing operations overhead.
• It cost a lot in staff selection and maintenance.

5. What are the three commonly used tools for Microservices?

• Wiremock
• Docker
• Hysrix

6. What do you understand by Spring Cloud?

• Spring cloud is an Integration software used to integrate with external systems.

• It allows a microservices framework to build applications that perform restricted
amounts of data processing.

7. What are the main advantages of using Microservices?

• Microservices provide great technology diversity. You can mix it easily with other
frameworks, libraries, and databases.
• It provides excellent support for the minor and parallel team.
• It reduces the deployment time significantly.
• Independent deployment

8. How does a Microservice architecture work?

 • An application is fragmented into loosely coupled various modules, each of which
performs a distinct function.
• It is distributed across clouds and data centers.
• Under microservice architecture, an application can grow along with its requirements.

9. What are the three types of tests used in Microservices?

• Bottom Level Test

• Middle-Level Tests
• Top Level Tests

10. What is the main difference between SOA and the Microservices Architecture?

• SOA stands for Service Oriented Architecture.

• It is a collection of services used to communicate with each other through simple data
passing or activity coordination.

11. What are the most significant disadvantages of using Microservices?

• It requires accurate pre-planning before use.

• It uses modular dependencies that are hard to calculate.
• The third-party applications are hard to control.
• More opportunities for malicious intrusions.
• Complete end-to-end testing is complex.
• Deployment Challenges.

12. What is a Client certificate? What is its usage?

• A client certificate is a digital certificate used to make authenticated requests to a

remote server.
• A certificate is generated for each microservice.

13. What are the different strategies used in Microservices deployment?

• Multiple Service Instance per Host

• Service Instance per Host
• Service Instance per Container
• Serverless Deployment

14. What are the most significant benefits of using microservices?

• The most significant benefit of using microservices is that it builds an application to

collect small autonomous services developed for a business domain.
• Business needs to change constantly, the development teams can rapidly build new
apps components to meet the requirement.

15. What do you understand by RESTful?

• REST or RESTful stands for Representational State Transfer.

 • The RESTful web service is an architectural style that helps computer systems to
communicate over the internet.
• This web services make microservices easier to understand and implement.

16. What are the most significant advantages of using Microservices?

• Provide improved scalability

• Increased Agility
• Localized Complexity
• Provide fault isolation
• Smaller development teams
• You can easily upgrade the technology etc

17. In which cases microservice architecture is best suited?

• The microservice architecture is best suited for all tech devices such as desktop, web,
mobile devices, Smart TVs, Wearable devices, etc.

18. What are the principles Domain-Driven Design?

• Focus on the core domain and domain logic.

• Base complex designs on models of the domain.
• Collaborate with the domain experts to improve the application model and resolve any
emerging domain-related issues regularly.

19. What do you understand by Domain-Driven Design?

• Domain-Driven Design is an architectural style based on Object-Oriented Analysis

Design concepts and principles.
• It is used to develop a complex system by connecting the related components of the
software system into a continuously evolving system.

20. What do you understand by semantic monitoring in Microservices architecture?

• Semantic monitoring is used to combine the automated tests by monitoring the

application.
• It is used to find out the reasons why your business is not getting more profits.

21. What are the main differences between Microservices and Monolithic Architecture?

Microservices Monolithic Architecture

It is a loosely coupled architecture. It is primarily a tightly coupled architecture.
The service startup takes time as it is slow in
The service startup is fast in Microservices.
Monolithic Architecture.

22. What do you understand by OAuth?

• OAuth stands for Open Authorization protocol.

• This protocol allows you to access the client applications on HTTP for third-party
providers GitHub, Facebook, etc.
 • It also facilitates us to share resources stored on one site with another site without
their credentials.

23. What is Spring Cloud?

• Spring Cloud is a collection of tools used by developers to quickly build some of the
common patterns in distributed systems such as configuration management, circuit
breakers, service discovery, intelligent routing, micro-proxy, control bus, one-time
tokens, global locks, leadership election, distributed sessions, cluster state and more.

24. What are Microservices?

• Microservices are an architectural approach or style that is used to build applications.

• The microservice architecture provides a rapid, frequent and reliable delivery of large
and complex applications.

25. What is the use of containers in Microservices?

• Containers are the easiest and effective method to manage microservice-based

applications.
• They are like a software development platform.
• They also help us to develop and deploy individually.

26. What is Spring Boot? Why is it used?

• Spring Boot is an open-source, Java-based framework that provides developers an

excellent platform for developing a stand-alone and production-grade spring
application.
• It is easy to understand, reduces development time, and increases productivity. It
automatically configures a claim based on the added dependencies of an application.

27. What is the difference between Coupling and Cohesion?

Coupling Cohesion
Coupling is specified as a relationship
Cohesion is the relationship between 2 or
between module A and another module B.
more parts within a module.
There are mainly three types of coupling
The high cohesion within a module specifies
Any module can be highly coupled (highly
that the module can perform a specific task
dependent), loosely coupled, and uncoupled
with maximum efficiency on its own, without
with other modules.
the need to communicate with other modules.

28. What do you understand by end-to-end Microservices testing?

• End-to-end testing is used to validate that every process in the workflow is

functioning correctly.
• It also ensures that the system works together as a whole and fulfills all the
requirements.

29. What is the method to override a Spring Boot project's default properties?
 • We can do it by specifying the properties in application properties.
• The Spring MVC applications need the suffix and the prefix to be specified i.e For
suffix:mvc.view.suffix: .jsp For prefix:mvc.view.prefix: /WEB-INF/

30. What is the use of PACT in Microservices architecture?

• PACT is an open-source tool used for testing interactions between service providers
and consumers.
• It increases the reliability of the Microservices applications.