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RIP and OSPF

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23 views4 pages

RIP and OSPF

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rashmi.cse-cs
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RIP

RIP stands for Routing Information Protocol in which distance vector routing protocol is used for
data/packet transmission. In the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), the maximum number of Hop is
15, because it prevents routing loops from source to destination. Mechanisms like the split horizon,
route poisoning, and hold down are used to prevent incorrect or wrong routing information. Sally
Floyd and Van Jacobson [1994] suggest that, without slight randomization of the timer, the timers are
synchronized over time. Compared to other routing protocols, RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is
poor and limited in size i.e. small network. The main advantage of using RIP is it uses the UDP (User
Datagram Protocol).

Advantages of RIP

 Simplicity: RIP is very simple and can be used to configure and implement and is thus
suitable for use in a network that has less nodes.

 Low Resource Usage: RIP also low on complexity, and thus makes an excellent protocol for
environments with low processing power.

 Compatibility: RIP is supported by all most all the networking devices hence there is the
ability to fine tune work on different hardware.

Disadvantages of RIP

 Scalability Issues: RIP is not suitable for large network as it has only 15 hops limit for
routing the data within the network.

 Slow Convergence: RIP ‘convergence time’ can be long depending on the size of the
network and as a result, they can lead to temporary routing loops or sub-optimal routing.

 Limited Features: However, basic services provided by RIP do not include such facilities as
hierarchical routing or load sharing that complicates the service usage in the networks of a
larger scale.
OSPF

OSPF stands for Open Shortest Path First which uses a link-state routing algorithm. Using the link
state information which is available in routers, it constructs the topology in which topology
determines the routing table for routing decisions. It supports both variable-length subnet masking and
classless inter-domain routing addressing models. Since it uses Dijkstra’s algorithm, it computes the
shortest path tree for each route. The main advantage of the OSPF (Open Shortest Path first) is that it
handles the error detection by itself and it uses multicast addressing for routing in a broadcast
domain.

OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP), where routers connect networks using the Internet
Protocol (IP). It is a router protocol which is used to find the best path for packets when they are
passing through the set of connected networks simultaneously. The main disadvantage of OSPF is that
it is difficult than other protocols.

Advantages of OSPF

 Scalability: OSPF is designed for the large network with no restrictions placed upon the hop
count.

 Fast Convergence: The OSPF is faster to converge, meaning that it takes the least time to
restore the network in cases of a breakdown, making the network performances to be even
better.

 Hierarchical Design: OSPF supports the multi-area routing which assists in minimizing the
routing overhead in the networks.

 Load Balancing: routing – OSPF has the capability of supporting equal cost multi-path or
simply known as ECMP routing for load balancing.

Disadvantages of OSPF
 Complexity: OSPF is much more difficult to configure and to administer as compared to RIP
which may be time consuming and might even need the services of a professional.

 Higher Resource Usage: OSPF however requires a lot of processing power and memory
which might be construed as limiting factors especially for small routers.

 Initial Configuration Effort: This is achieved at the cost of having greater initial
configuration efforts in the large or hierarchical OSPF networks.

Difference Between RIP and OSPF

RIP OSPF

RIP Stands for Routing Information Protocol. OSPF stands for Open Shortest Path First.

RIP works on the Bellman-Ford algorithm. OSPF works on Dijkstra algorithm.

It is a Distance Vector protocol and it uses It is a link-state protocol and it analyzes different
the distance or hops count to determine the sources like the speed, cost and path congestion
transmission path. while identifying the shortest path.

It is used for larger size organizations in the


It is used for smaller size organizations.
network.

It allows a maximum of 15 hops. There is no such restriction on the hop count.

It is not a more intelligent dynamic routing


It is a more intelligent routing protocol than RIP.
protocol.

The networks are classified as areas and The networks are classified as areas, sub-areas,
tables here. autonomous systems, and backbone areas here.

Its administrative distance is 120. Its administrative distance is 110.

RIP uses UDP(User Datagram


OSPF works for IP(Internet Protocol) Protocol.
Protocol) Protocol.

It calculates the metric in terms of Hop


It calculates the metric in terms of bandwidth.
Count.
RIP OSPF

In RIP, the whole routing table is to be


In OSPF, parts of the routing table are only sent
broadcasted to the neighbors every 30
when a change has been made to it.
seconds by the routers.

RIP utilizes less memory compared to OSPF OSPF device resource requirements are CPU
but is CPU intensive like OSPF. intensive and memory.

It consumes more bandwidth because of


It consumes less bandwidth as only part of the
greater network resource requirements in
routing table is to send.
sending the whole routing table.

OSPF’s multicast addresses are 224.0.0.5 and


Its multicast address is 224.0.0.9.
224.0.0.6.

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