LO5Apply Quality Control
LO5Apply Quality Control
NAME OF INSTITUTION
UNDER
Ethiopian TVET-System
DATABASE ADMINISTRATION
Level III
LEARNING GUIDE # 43
This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding the
Following content coverage and topics –
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the cover page.
Specifically, upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to –
Learning Activities
The challenge is increasing production while maintaining high quality. This process can
be difficult to measure, but best way to gauge quality is to first measure it. Use key
performance indicators (KPIs) to improve quality. KPIs help management to manage
and measure both production and quality. Financial analysts and mangers also use KPIs
as a measure of productivity.
Instructions
1. Identify the three most important processes in production. Examples include
inventory purchases, assembly, distribution and accounts payable.
2. Map out each process on a flow chart diagram. Start with first step in each
process and end with the last step. This helps all parties involved in the process to
visualize the process as well as where possible errors in production may occur.
3. Identify the best way to manage production for each process. For instance,
assembly can be managed with the number of items produced and distribution
can be managed by the total number of items delivered.
4. Define what an error or issue is within the process. For instance, for assembly,
measure the number of errors or mistakes by determining how many of the total
device being produced did not work or were permanent. For distribution, you
could determine the number of errors by monitoring on-time delivery. The error
depends on the process and your firm's definition of quality.
5. Assign a quality metric to each production process. Combine Step 3 and 4. For
instance, for assembly, one metric can be the number of products assembled
incorrectly or the number of malfunctions. For distribution, the metric can be the
number of on-time deliveries. Again, the metric depends on what's most important
for your organization.
Production process
The production process is concerned with transforming a range of inputs into those outputs that
are required by the market.
The transforming resources include the buildings, machinery, computers, and people that carry
out the transforming processes. The transformed resources are the raw materials and
components that are transformed into end products.
Any production process involves a series of links in a production chain. At each stage value is
added in the course of production. Adding value involves making a product more desirable to a
consumer so that they will pay more for it. Adding value therefore is not just about
manufacturing, but includes the marketing process including advertising, promotion and
distribution that make the final product more desirable.
It is very important for businesses to identify the processes that add value, so that they can
enhance these processes to the ongoing benefit of the business.
Types of process
There are three main types of process: job, batch and flow production.
Job production
Job or \'make complete\' production is the creation of single items by either one
operative or a team of operative\'s. Job production is unique in the fact that the project
is considered to be a single operation, which requires the complete attention of the
operative before he or she passes on to the next job. Examples from the service
industries include cutting hair, and processing a customers\' order in a store.
Batch production
The term batch refers to a specific group of components, which go through a production
process together. As one batch finishes, the next one starts. For example on Monday,
Machine A produces a type 1 engine part, on Tuesday it produces a type 2 engine part,
on Wednesday a type 3 and so on. All engine parts will then go forward to the final
assembly of different categories of engine parts.
Flow production