C The man weighs 120N on the Moon.

D The man weighs

Q1 What is the principle of conservation of momentum? 240N on the Moon. 9702/13/O/N/14/q9
A Force is equal to the rate of change of momentum. Q6 A body experiences a varying resultant force that
B Momentum is the product of mass and velocity. causes its momentum to vary, as shown in the
C The total momentum of a system remains constant graph.At which point does the resultant force have the
provided no external force acts on it. largest value?
D The total momentum of two bodies after collision is
equal to their total momentum before
collision.
9702/11/O/N/14/q7
q2 Water is pumped through a hose-pipe at a rate of 90kg
per minute. It emerges from thehose-pipe horizontally
with a speed of 20ms–1.Which force is required from a
person holding the hose-pipe to prevent it moving
9702/13/O/N/14/q10
backwards? q7A golf ball of mass m is dropped onto a hard surface
A 30N B 270N C 1800N D 10 800N from a height h1 and rebounds to a height
9702/11/O/N/14/q8 h2.The momentum of the golf ball just as it reaches the
surface is different from its momentum just
q3 Two railway trucks of masses m and 3m move towards as it leaves the surface. What is the total change in the
each other in opposite directions with speeds 2v and v momentum of the golf ball between these two instants?
respectively. These trucks collide and stick together. (Ignore air resistance.)
What is the speed of the trucks after the collision?

9702/11/O/N/14/q9

q4 A ball is released from rest on a smooth slope XY.

It moves down the slope, along a smooth horizontal
surface YZ and rebounds inelastically at Z. 9702/13/O/N/14/q11
Then it moves back to Y and comes to rest momentarily q8What is meant by the mass and by the weight of an
object on the Earth?
somewhere on XY. Which velocity-time graph represents
the motion of the ball?

9702/11/O/N/13/q9
q9An astronaut of mass m in a spacecraft experiences a
Which velocity-time graph represents the motion of the gravitational force F = mg when stationary
ball? on the launchpad. What is the gravitational force on the
astronaut when the spacecraft is launched vertically
upwards with an acceleration of 0.2g?
A 1.2mg B mg C 0.8mg D 0 9702/11/O/N/13/q10
Q10A beam of α-particles collides with a lead sheet. Each
α-particle in the beam has a mass of 6.6 × 10–27 kg and a
speed of 1.5 × 107 ms–1. A TOTAL OF 5.0 × 104 α-particles
per second collide with an area of 1.0cm2 of lead. Almost
all of the α-particles are absorbed by the lead so that they
have zero speed after collision. What is an estimate of the
average pressure exerted on the lead by the α-particles?
A 5.0 × 10–15Pa B 5.0 × 10–13Pa C 5.0 × 10–11Pa
D 5.0 × 10–9Pa 9702/11/O/N/13/q11
Q11A moving thorium nucleus 90 Th 230
spontaneously emits an α-particle. The nucleus formed is
aradium nucleus 88Ra 226 , as shown.
9702/13/O/N/14/q8
q5 A man weighs 240N on Mars where the acceleration of
free fall g is 4 ms–2. On the Moon, g is 2ms–2.Which
statement is correct? A The man has a mass on Mars of
60N. B The man has a mass on the Moon of 120kg.
Which statement is correct?
A The kinetic energy of the α-particle equals the kinetic
energy of the radium nucleus.B The momentum of the α-
particle equals the momentum of the radium nucleus.
C The total momentum before the emission equals the
total momentum after the emission. D The velocity of the Which property of the object is not conserved?
α-particle equals the velocity of the radium nucleus. A kinetic energy B mass C momentum D speed
9702/13/O/N/13/q10 9702/11/O/N/12/q11
Q12 An isolated system consists of two bodies on which no q17 A particle X has speed v and collides with a stationary
external forces act. The two bodies collide with each other identical particle Y. The collision is perfectly elastic
and stick together on impact. Which row correctly
compares the total kinetic energy and the total momentum
of the bodies before and after the collision? What are the speed and
direction of motion of each of the two particles after the
collision?

9702/13/O/N/13/q11
q13A mass accelerates uniformly when the resultant force
acting on it 9702/11/O/N/12/q12
A is zero. B is constant but not zero. C increases uniformly q18A mass of 2.0kg rests on a frictionless surface. It is
with respect to time. D is proportional to the displacement attached to a 1.0kg mass by a light, thin string which
from a fixed point. 9702/13/O/N/13/q12 passes over a frictionless pulley. The 1.0kg mass is
q14A lead pellet of mass 10.0g is shot horizontally into a released and it accelerates downwards.
stationary wooden block of mass 100g. The pellet hits the
block with an impact velocity of 250ms–1. It embeds itself
in the block and it does not emerge.

What is the speed of the 2.0 kg mass as the 1.0 kg mass hits
the floor, having fallen a distance of 0.50m? A 1.8 ms–1 B
2.2ms–1 C 3.1ms–1 D 9.8 ms–1 9702/11/O/N/12/q13
Q19A lead pellet is shot vertically upwards into a clay block
What will be the speed of the block immediately after the that is stationary at the moment of impact but is able to rise
pellet is embedded? freely after impact.
A 23ms–1 B 25ms–1 C 75ms–1 D 79ms-1
9702/13/O/N/13/q13
Q15 The graph shows how the total resistive force acting on a
train varies with its speed. Part of this force is due to wheel
friction, which is constant. The rest is due to wind resistance.

The pellet hits the block with an initial velocity of 200 m s–

1. It embeds itself in the block and does not emerge. How
high above its initial position will the block rise? (Mass of
pellet = 5.0g; mass of clay block = 95g.)
A 5.1m B 5.6m C 10m D 2000m 9702/11/O/N/12/q14
Q20The diagram shows an experiment to measure the
force exerted on a ball by a horizontal air flow.

9702/13/O/N/13/q16
The ball is suspended by
q16 An object travelling with velocity v strikes a wall and
a light string and weighs 0.15N. The deflection of the string
rebounds as shown.
from vertical is 30°.
What is the force on the ball from the air flow? q26 The diagram shows two spherical masses
A 0.075N B 0.087N C 0.26N D 0.30N approaching each other head-on at an equal speed u. One
9702/11/O/N/12/q15 is of mass m and the other of mass 2m.
Q21 A ball of mass 0.5 kg is thrown against a wall at a
speed of 12 m s–1. It bounces back with a speed of 8ms–1.
The collision lasts for 0.10s.
Which diagram, showing the situation after the collision, is
not consistent with the principle of conservation of
momentum?

What is the average force on the ball due to the collision?

A 0.2N B 1N C 20N D 100N 9702/12/O/N/12/Q12
Q22Two identical, perfectly elastic spheres have the same
mass m. They travel towards each other with the same
speed v along a horizontal frictionless surface. 9702/13/O/N/12/q11
q27 A molecule of mass m travelling at speed v hits a wall
in a direction perpendicular to the wall. The collision is
elastic. What are the changes in the kinetic energy and in
the momentum of the molecule caused by the collision?

9702/13/O/N/12/
9702/12/O/N/12/q13 q12
q23A 1.2kg mass is supported by a person’s hand and two q28 The IKAROS satellite has mass 320 kg and movesb
newton-meters as shown. through space using a solar sail of area 20m2 .
The average solar wind pressure is 1.0 × 10–5N m–2.
What is the acceleration of the satellite caused by the solar
wind?
A 3.1 × 10–8ms–2 B 6.3 × 10–7ms–2 C 3.2 × 10–3ms–2
D 6.4 × 10–2ms–2
9702/13/O/N/12/q13
q29The graph shows the momentum of a cyclist over a period
of 8.0s.

When the person’s hand is removed, what is the initial vertical

acceleration of the mass? A 0.6ms–2 B 2 ms–2 C 4 ms–2 D 6
ms–2 9702/12/O/N/12/Q14
Q24 A lorry of mass 20 000kg has a constant resultant force F
acting on it.It accelerates from 6.0ms–1 to 30.0ms–1 in a time
of 300s. What is the change in momentum of the lorry and the
value of F?

9702/12/O/N/12/q15 At time 4.0s, she applies the brakes. What is the resultant
q25 A picture on a wall is supported by a wire looped over force on the cyclist during the period when the brakes are
a nail. applied?
A 55N B 200N C 270N D 450N 9702/13/O/N/12/q14
Q30A body falling in a uniform gravitational field
encounters air resistance. The air resistance increases
until terminal velocity is reached. Which factor does not
The mass of the
affect its terminal velocity?
picture is 4.2kg. What is the tension in the supporting
A the density of the air
wire? A 5.0N B 23N C 49N D 97N 9702/12/O/N/12/q18
B the height from which the body falls 9702/11/O/N/11/q16
C the mass of the body
D the shape of the body 9702/11/O/N/11/q9
Q31What is the definition of the force on a body?A the
mass of the body multiplied by its accelerationB the power
input to the body divided by its velocityC the rate of
change of momentum of the bodyD the work done on the Q36 A stone of mass m is dropped from a tall building.
body divided by its displacement9702/11/O/N/11/q10 There is significant air resistance. The acceleration of free
Q32 A car accelerates from rest. The graph shows the fall is g. When the stone reaches its terminal velocity,
momentum of the car plotted against time. which information is correct?

9702/12/O/N/11/q7
What is the meaning of the gradient of the graph at a q37 A golf ball is hit by a club. The graph shows the
particular time?A the resultant force on the car variation with time of the force exerted on the ball by the
B the velocity of the car C the kinetic energy of the car club
D the rate of change of kinetic energy of the car
9702/11/O/N/11/q11
Q33 An ice-hockey puck slides along a horizontal,
frictionless ice-rink surface. It collides inelastically
with a wall at right angles to its path, and then rebounds
along its original path. Which graph shows the variation
.
with time t of the momentum p of the puck?
Which quantity, for the time of contact, cannot be found
from the graph? A the average force on the balln
B the change in momentum of the ball C the contact time
between the ball and the club D the maximum acceleration
of the ball 9702/12/O/N/11/q9
Q38 A group of students investigating the principle of
9702/11/O/N/11/q12 conservation of momentum use a small truck travelling
q34A ladder rests in equilibrium on rough ground against over a frictionless surface. Sand is dropped into the truck
a rough wall. as it passes X. At Y, a trapdoor in the bottom of the truck
opens and the sand falls out.

How does the velocity of the truck change when the sand is
Its weight W acts through the added to the truck at X and then leaves the truck at Y?
centre of gravity G. Forces also act on the ladder at P and at
Q. These forces are P and Q respectively. Which vector
triangle represents the forces on the ladder?

9702/12/O/N/11/q10
q39 An object of mass 20kg is travelling at a constant speed of
9702/11/O/N/11/q13 6.0ms–1. It collides with an object of mass 12 kg travelling at
q35 The diagram shows a particle X, with kinetic energy a constant speed of 15 m s–1 in the opposite direction. The
Ek, about to collide with a stationary particle Y. Both objects stick together. What is the speed of the objects
particles have the same mass. immediately after the collision? A 1.9ms–1 B 9.0 ms–1 C
9.4ms–1 D 21ms–1 9702/12/O/N/11/q11
q40 A ball is released from rest on a smooth slope XY.
After colliding, X and Y travel onwards together as a single It moves down the slope, along a smooth horizontal surface
larger particle. How much kinetic energy is lost in the YZ and rebounds inelastically at Z. Then it moves back to Y
collision? and comes to rest momentarily somewhere on XY.
 After colliding, X and Y
Which velocity- travel onwards together as a single larger particle. How
time graph represents the motion of the ball? much kinetic energy is lost in the collision?

9702/13/O/N/11/q17
q46 A body, initially at rest, explodes into two masses M1 and
M2 that move apart with speeds v1 and v2 respectively. What
is the ratio

9702/11/O/N/10/q11
q47 Two experiments are carried out using two trolleys of
equal mass. All moving parts of the trolleys
are frictionless, as is the surface that the trolleys move
9702/13/O/N/11/q7 over. In both experiments, trolley X moves
q41A body falling in a uniform gravitational field towards trolley Y, which is initially stationary.
encounters air resistance. The air resistance increases
until terminal velocity is reached. Which factor does not
affect its terminal velocity? A the density of the air B the
height from which the body falls C the mass of the body D After the collision in experiment 1, X is stationary and Y
the shape of the body 9702/13/O/N/11/q8 moves off to the right.After the collision in experiment 2,
q42An ice-hockey puck slides along a horizontal, frictionless the trolleys join and move off together. What types of
ice-rink surface. It collides inelastically with a wall at right collision occur in these experiments?
angles to its path, and then rebounds along its original path.
Which graph shows the variation with time t of the momentum
p of the puck?

9702/11/O/N/10/q12
9702/13/O/N/11/q10 q48 A football is dropped from the top of a three-storey
q43 What is the definition of the force on a body? building. It falls through air until it reaches the
A the mass of the body multiplied by its acceleration ground. What remains constant throughout the fall?
B the power input to the body divided by its velocity A acceleration of the football B air resistance on the
C the rate of change of momentum of the body football C velocity of the football D weight of the football
D the work done on the body divided by its 9702/12/O/N/10/q6
displacement9702/13/O/N/11/q11 q49 A particle of mass 2m and velocity v strikes a wall.
Q44A car accelerates from rest. The graph shows the
momentum of the car plotted against time.

The particle rebounds along the same path after colliding with
What is the the wall. The collision is inelastic. What is a possible change
meaning of the gradient of the graph at a particular time? in the momentum of the ball during the collision? A mv B
A the resultant force on the car B the velocity of the car 2mv C 3mv D 4mv 9702/12/O/N/10/q9
C the kinetic energy of the car D the rate of change of Q50 A body, initially at rest, explodes into two masses M1
kinetic energy of the car 9702/13/O/N/11/q12 and M2 that move apart with speeds v1 and v2 respectively.
Q45The diagram shows a particle X, with kinetic energy What is the ratio
Ek, about to collide with a stationary particle Y. Both
particles have the same mass.
9702/13/O/N/10/q9 forces shown are those that act on the nail. In diagram 1,
q51 Two experiments are carried out using two trolleys of the string loop is shorter than in diagram 2. Which
equal mass. All moving parts of the trolleys are frictionless, information about the magnitude of the forces is correct?
as is the surface that the trolleys move over. In both
experiments, trolley X moves towards trolley Y, which is
initially stationary.

9702/11/O/N/09/q12
q56 Two trolleys are placed together on a horizontal
runway with a compressed spring between them.
After the collision in experiment 1, X is stationary and Y
moves off to the right. After the collision in experiment 2,
the trolleys join and move off together. What types of
collision occur in these experiments?

When they are released, the 2kg trolley moves to the left at
2ms–1. How much energy was stored in the spring?
A 4 J B 6J C 8J D 12J. 9702/11/O/N/09/q15
Q58 Which statement about a ball that strikes a tennis
racket and rebounds is always correct?A Total kinetic
energy of the ball is conserved.B Total kinetic energy of the
9702/13/O/N/ system is conserved.C Total momentum of the ball is
10/q10 conserved.
q52Which statement about a ball that strikes a tennis D Total momentum of the system is conserved.
racket and rebounds is always correct?A Total kinetic 9702/12/O/N/09/q7
energy of the ball is conserved. B Total kinetic energy of Q59The diagram shows two spherical masses approaching
the system is conserved.C Total momentum of the ball is each other head-on at an equal speed u. One has mass 2m
conserved. D Total momentum of the system is conserved. and the other has mass m.
9702/11/O/N/09/q8
q53The diagram shows two spherical masses approaching Which
each other head-on at an equal speed u. One has mass 2m and diagram, showing the situation after the collision, shows
the other has mass m. the result of an elastic collision?

Which
diagram, showing the situation after the collision, shows
the result of an elastic collision?

9702/12/O/N/09/q8
q60 A supermarket trolley, total mass 30 kg, is moving at 3.0
m s–1. A retarding force of 60 N is applied to the trolley for
0.50s in the opposite direction to the trolley’s initial velocity.
What is the trolley’s new velocity after the application of the
force? A 1.0ms–1 B 1.5ms–1 C 2.0ms–1 D 2.8 ms–1
9702/11/O/N/09/q9 9702/12/O/N/09/q9
q54A supermarket trolley, total mass 30 kg, is moving at 3.0 q61A ball falls vertically and bounces on the ground.
m s–1. A retarding force of 60 N is applied to the trolley for The following statements are about the forces acting while
0.50s in the opposite direction to the trolley’s initial velocity. the ball is in contact with the ground.
What is the trolley’s new velocity after the application of the Which statement is correct?A The force that the ball exerts
force? A 1.0ms–1 B 1.5ms–1 C 2.0ms–1 D 2.8 ms–1 on the ground is always equal to the weight of the ball.B
9702/11/O/N/09/q10 The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always equal
q55 The diagrams show two ways of hanging the same in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force the
picture. ground exerts on the ball. C The force that the ball exerts
on the ground is always less than the weight of the ball.
D The weight of the ball is always equal in magnitude and
opposite in direction to the force that the ground exerts on
the ball. 9702/01/O/N/08/q9
Q62Two spheres approach each other along the same
In both cases, a string is attached to the same points on the straight line. Their speeds are u1 and u2 before collision,
picture and looped symmetrically over a nail in a wall. The and v1 and v2 after collision, in the directions
shownbelow.

9702/0
Which equation is correct if the collision is perfectly
1/O/N/06/q11
elastic?
q68The diagram shows a cannon ball fired from a cannon.

The mass of
the cannon is 1000kg and the mass of the cannon ball is 10kg.
9702/01/O/N/08/q10 The recoil velocity of the cannon is 5ms–1 horizontally. What
q63 A box of mass 8.0 kg rests on a horizontal, rough is the horizontal velocity of the cannon ball? A 200ms–1 B
surface. A string attached to the box passes 500ms–1 C 2000ms–1 D 5000ms–1 9702/01/O/N/06/q12
over a smooth pulley and supports a 2.0kg mass at its q69 Which is a statement of the principle of conservation of
other end. momentum? A A force is equal to the rate of change of
momentum of the body upon which it acts. B In a perfectly
elastic collision, the relative momentum of the bodies before
impact is equal to their relative momentum after impact.
C The momentum of a body is the product of the mass of the
When the box is released, a friction force of 6.0N acts on it. body and its velocity. D The total momentum of a system of
What is the acceleration of the box? A 1.4 ms–2 B 1.7ms–2 C interacting bodies remains constant, providing no
2.0ms–2 D 2.5ms–2 9702/01/O/N/08/q11 external force acts. 9702/01/O/N/05/q9
Q64 A wooden block rests on a rough board. The end of the q70 A constant mass undergoes uniform acceleration.
board is then raised until the block slides down the plane of Which of the following is a correct statement about the
the board at constant velocity v. resultant force acting on the mass? A It increases uniformly
with respect to time. B It is constant but not zero. C It is
proportional to the displacement from a fixed point.D It is
proportional to the velocity. 9702/01/O/N/04/q10
Q71 A particle of mass m strikes a vertical rigid wall
Which row describes the forces acting on the block when
perpendicularly from the left with velocity v.
sliding with constant velocity?

9702/01/O/N/08/q12
q65 A block of mass 0.60 kg is on a rough horizontal surface. If the collision is perfectly elastic, the total change in
A force of 12 N is applied to the block and it accelerates at 4.0 momentum of the particle that occurs as aresult of the
m s –2. collision is A 2mv to the right. B 2mv to the left. C mv to
the right. D mv to the left. 9702/01/O/N/04/q11
Q72The momentum of an object of mass m is p.

What is the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the

A energy B force C power D velocity
block? A 2.4N B 5.3N C 6.7N D 9.6N
9702/01/O/N/03/q3
9702/01/O/N/07/q10
Q73Which of the following is a statement of the principle of
Q66A force F is applied to a freely moving object. At one
conservation of momentum? A Momentum is the product of
instant of time, the object has velocity v and
mass and velocity. B In an elastic collision, momentum is
acceleration a. Which quantities must be in the same constant. C The momentum of an isolated system is constant.
direction?A a and v only B a and F only D The force acting on a body is proportional to its rate of
C v and F only D v, F and a 9702/01/O/N/06/q10 change of momentum. 9702/01/O/N/03/q9
Q67 The diagram shows two identical spheres X and Y. Q74 A mass accelerates uniformly when the resultant force
acting on it A is zero. B is constant but not zero. C increases
uniformly with respect to time. D is proportional to the
Initially X moves with displacement from a fixed point.
speed v directly towards Y. Y is stationary. The spheres 9702/01/O/N/03/q10
collide elastically. What happens? q75 Two balls X and Y approach each other along the same
straight line and collide elastically. Their speeds are uX and
uY respectively. After the collision they move apart with q80A ball of mass 2 kg travelling at 8 m s–1 strikes a ball of
speeds vX and vY respectively. Their directions are shown on mass 4 kg travelling at 2 m s–1. Both ballsare moving along
the diagram. the same straight line as shown.

Which of
the following equations is correct? After collision, both balls move at the same velocity v. What
is the magnitude of the velocity v? A 4ms–1 B 5ms–1 C 6ms–
1 D 8ms–1 9702/01/M/J/03/q12
Q81A balloon is acted upon by three forces, weight, upthrust
and sideways force due to the wind, as shown in the diagram.

9702/01/O/N/03/q12
q76 A force F is applied to a freely moving object. At one
instant of time, the object has velocity v and acceleration a.
Which quantities must be in the same direction?
A a and v only B a and F only C v and F only
D v, F and a 9702/01/O/N/03/q15
q77 Two spheres A and B approach each other along the same
straight line with speeds uA and uB. The spheres collide and What is the vertical component of
move off with speeds vA and vB, both in the same direction as the resultant force on the balloon? A 500 N B 1000 N C 10
the initial direction of sphere A, as shown below. 000 N D 10 500 N 9702/01/M/J/03/q14
q82 A ball falls vertically and bounces on the ground. The
following statements are about the forces acting while the ball
is in contact with the ground. Which statement is correct? A
The force that the ball exerts on the ground is always equal to
the weight of the ball. B The force that the ball exerts on the
ground is always equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
to the force the ground exerts on the ball. C The force that the
Which equation applies to an elastic collision? ball exerts on the ground is always less than the weight of the
ball. D The weight of the ball is always equal in magnitude
and opposite in direction to the force that the ground exerts on
the ball. 9702/01/M/J/04/q10
q83 The diagram shows a situation just before a head-on
collision. A lorry of mass 20 000kg is travelling at 20.0ms–1
towards a car of mass 900kg travelling at 30.0ms–1 towards
9702/1/O/N/02/q11 the lorry.
q78 Two equal masses travel towards each other on a
frictionless air track at speeds of 60 cm s–1 and 30 cm s–1.
They stick together on impact.

What is the speed of the masses after impact? A 15 cm s–1 B What is the magnitude of the total momentum?
20 cm s–1 C 30 cm s–1 D 45 cm s–1 9702/1/O/N/02/q12 A 373kNs B 427kNs C 3600kNs D 4410kNs
q79 Two blocks X and Y, of masses m and 3m respectively, 9702/01/M/J/04/q11
are accelerated along a smooth horizontal surface by a force F Q84A ball is thrown vertically upwards.
applied to block X as shown. Neglecting air resistance, which statement is correct?
A The kinetic energy of the ball is greatest at the greatest
height attained. B By the principle of conservation of energy,
the total energy of the ball is constant throughout
its motion. C By the principle of conservation of momentum,
the momentum of the ball is constant throughout its motion. D
What is the
The potential energy of the ball increases uniformly with time
magnitude of the force exerted by block X on block Y during
during the ascent. 9702/01/M/J/04/q16
this acceleration?
q85Which is not one of Newton's laws of motion?
A The total momentum of a system of interacting bodies
9702/01/M/J/03/q10 remains constant, providing no
external force acts.B The rate of change of momentum of a
body is directly proportional to the external force
acting on the body and takes place in the direction of the force.
C If body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts an
equal and oppositely-directed force on body A. D A body
continues in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight
line unless acted upon by some external force. What is the magnitude of the total momentum?
9702/01/M/J/05/q10 A 209kNs B 373kNs C 427kNs D 1045kNs
Q86 Two equal masses travel towards each other on a 9702/01/M/J/07/q11
frictionless air track at speeds of 60 cm s–1 and q92 The diagram shows the masses and velocities of two
40cms–1. They stick together on impact. trolleys about to collide.

What is the speed of the masses after impact? A 10cms–1 B

20cms–1 C 40cms–1 D 50cms–1 9702/01/M/J/05/q11
Q87 A cyclist is riding at a steady speed on a level road.
According to Newton’s third law of motion, what is equal and
opposite to the backward push of the back wheel on the road? After the impact they move off together. What is the total
A the force exerted by the cyclist on the pedals B the forward kinetic energy of the trolleys after the collision?
push of the road on the back wheel C the tension in the cycle A 1.3J B 12J C 18J D 19J 9702/01/M/J/07/q12
chain D the total air resistance and friction force Q93 Which is a statement of the principle of conservation
9702/01/M/J/06/q10 of momentum? A Momentum is the product of mass and
Q88 In perfectly elastic collisions between two atoms, it is velocity. B Momentum is conserved only in elastic
always true to say thatA the initial speed of one atom will be collisions. C Momentum is conserved by all bodies in a
the same as the final speed of the other atom. collision. D Momentum is conserved providing no external
B the relative speed of approach between the two atoms equals forces act. 9702/01/M/J/08/q9
their relative speed of separation. C the total momentum must Q94Two equal masses X and Y are moving towards each
be conserved, but a small amount of the total kinetic energy other on a frictionless air track as shown. The masses
may be lost in the collision. D whatever their initial states of make an elastic collision.
motion, neither atom can be stationary after the collision.
9702/01/M/J/06/q11
Q89 Two railway trucks of masses m and 3m move towards
each other in opposite directions with speeds 2v and v
respectively. These trucks collide and stick together.
What is the speed of the trucks after the collision? Which row gives possible velocities for the two masses
after the collision?

9702/01/M/J/06/q12
q90The graph shows the variation with time of the
momentum of a ball as it is kicked in a straight
line.

9702/01/M/J/08/q10
q95 A car of mass 750 kg has a horizontal driving force of
2.0 kN acting on it. It has a forward horizontal acceleration
of 2.0ms–2.

Initially, the momentum is p1 at time t1. At time t2 the

momentum is p2. What is the magnitude of the average
force acting on the ball between times t1 and t2?

What is the resistive force acting horizontally?

9702/01 A 0.5kN B 1.5kN C 2.0kN D 3.5kN
/M/J/07/q10 9702/01/M/J/08/q11
q91 A lorry of mass 20 000 kg is travelling at 20.0 m s–1. A
car of mass 900 kg is travelling at 30.0 m s–1 towards the
lorry.
q96 Which quantities are conserved in an inelastic
collision?

9702/01/M/J/08/q17
q97 Which statement about Newton’s laws of motion is What is the acceleration of the brick down the plane? Assume
correct?A The first law follows from the second law. that the acceleration of free fall g is equal to 10ms–2. A 0.3
B The third law follows from the second law. ms–2 B 0.8 ms–2 C 3.0ms–2 D 8.0 ms–2
C Conservation of energy is a consequence of the third law. 9702/11/M/J/10/q11
D Conservation of linear momentum is a consequence of Q102The diagram shows two identical spheres X and Y.
the first law. 9702/01/M/J/09/q7
Q98 A tennis ball of mass 100 g is struck by a tennis
racket. The velocity of the ball is changed as shown.
Initially, X moves
with speed v directly towards Y. Y is stationary. The spheres
collide elastically. What happens?

What is the magnitude of the

change in momentum of the ball? A 1kgms–1 B 5kgms–1 C
1000kg ms–1 D 5000kg ms–1 9702/01/M/J/09/q9
Q99 A stationary body explodes into two components of 9702/11/M/J/10/q12
masses m and 2m. The components gain kinetic energies X q103 A body of mass m, moving at velocity v, collides with a
and Y respectively. stationary body of the same mass and
sticks to it. Which row describes the momentum and kinetic
energy of the two bodies after the collision?

9702/11/M/J/11/q9
q104A molecule of mass m travelling horizontally with
velocity u hits a vertical wall at right-angles to its velocity. It
then rebounds horizontally with the same speed. What is its
change in momentum? A zero B mu C – mu D –2mu
9702/01/M/J/09/q10
9702/11/M/J/11/q10
q100Two equal masses travel towards each other on a
q105 A force F is applied to a freely moving object. At one
frictionless air track at speeds of 60 cm s–1 and instant of time, the object has velocity v and
40cms–1. They stick together on impact. acceleration a. Which quantities must be in the same
direction? A a and v only B a and F only C v and F only
D v, F and a 9702/12/M/J/11/q10
Q106A force F is applied to a freely moving object. At one
instant of time, the object has velocity v and
acceleration a. Which quantities must be in the same
direction? A a and v only B a and F only C v and F only
What is the speed of the masses after impact? A 10cms–1 B D v, F and a 9702/12/M/J/11/q10
20cms–1 C 40cms–1 D 50cms–1 9702/11/M/J/10/q10 Q107The momentum of an object changes from 160kgms–1
Q101A brick weighing 20N rests on an inclined plane. The to 240kgms–1 in 2s. What is the mean resultant force on the
weight of the brick has a component of 10N parallel with the object during the change? A 40N B 80N C 200N D 400N
plane. The brick also experiences a frictional force of 4N. 9702/13/M/J/11/q11
q108A car accelerates in a straight line. A graph of the
momentum of the car is plotted against time. What is
evaluated by finding the gradient of the graph at a particular
time?A the acceleration of the car B the resultant force on the
car C the kinetic energy of the car D the power supplied to directions shown below.
the car 9702/12/M/J/11/q12
q109The diagram shows a particle P, travelling at speed v,
about to collide with a stationary particle Q of the same
mass. The collision is perfectly elastic.

Which equation must be correct if the collision is perfectly

Which statement describes the elastic?
motion of P and of Q immediately after the collision?

9702/12/M/J/11/q13 9702/12/M/J/12/q12
q110Two similar spheres, each of mass m and travelling with q114 A box of mass 8.0 kg rests on a horizontal, rough
speed v, are moving towards each other. surface. A string attached to the box passes over a smooth
pulley and supports a 2.0kg mass at its other end.

The spheres have a head-on elastic collision.

Which statement is correct? A The spheres stick together on
impact. B The total kinetic energy after impact is mv 2 When the box is
C The total kinetic energy before impact is zero.D The total released, a frictional force of 6.0N acts on it. What is the
acceleration of the box? A 1.4ms–2 B 1.7ms–2 C 2.0ms–2 D
momentum before impact is 2 mv. 9702/11/M/J/12 /q11
2.5ms–2 9702/12/M/J/12/q13
Q111 The diagram shows a barrel suspended from a
q115 Which of the following is a statement of the principle of
frictionless pulley on a building. The rope supporting the
conservation of momentum? A In an elastic collision
barrel goes over the pulley and is secured to a stake at the
momentum is constant. B Momentum is the product of mass
bottom of the building.
and velocity. C The force acting on a body is proportional to
its rate of change of momentum. D The momentum of an
isolated system is constant. 9702/11/M/J/13/q10
q116 A 2.0kg mass travelling at 3.0ms–1 on a frictionless
surface collides head-on with a stationary 1.0kg mass. The
masses stick together on impact.

A man stands
close to the stake. The bottom of the barrel is 18 m above the How much kinetic energy is lost on impact?
man’s head. The mass of the barrel is 120kg and the mass of A zero B 2.0J C 2.4J D 3.0J 9702/11/M/J/13/q11
the man is 80kg. The man keeps hold of the rope after untying Q117 A car of mass 750 kg has a horizontal driving force of
it from the stake and is lifted upwards as the barrel falls. What 2.0 kN acting on it. It has a forward horizontal acceleration of
is the man’s upward speed when his head is level with the 2.0ms–2.
bottom of the barrel? (Use g = 10ms–2.) A 6 ms–1 B 8 ms–1
C 13ms–1 D 19ms–1 9702/11/M/J/12/q12
q112 Which row correctly states whether momentum and
kinetic energy are conserved in an inelastic collision in which What is the resistive force acting horizontally?
there are no external forces? A 0.50kN B 1.5kN C 2.0kN D 3.5kN 9702/11/M/J/13/q12
Q118 A strong wind of speed 33ms–1 blows against a wall.
The density of the air is 1.2kg m–3. The wall has an area of
12m2 at right angles to the wind velocity. The air has its speed
reduced to zero when it hits the wall. What is the approximate
force exerted by the air on the wall?
A 330N B 400N C 480N D 16000N 9702/12/M/J/13/q9
9702/12/M/J/12
Q119 Two bodies travelling in a straight line collide in a
q113Two spheres approach each other along the same straight
perfectly elastic collision. Which of the following
line. Their speeds are u1 and u2 before collision. After the
statements must be correct? A The initial speed of one body
collision, the spheres separate with speeds v1 and v2 in the
will be the same as the final speed of the other body.
B The relative speed of approach between the two bodies energy is less than 18J. C Before collision, the total kinetic
equals their relative speed of separation. C The total energy is 12J.D Before collision, the total kinetic energy is
momentum is conserved but the total kinetic energy will be less than 12J. 9702/11/M/J/14/q9
reduced. D One of the bodies will be stationary at one instant. Q125The graph shows how the momentum of a
9702/12/M/J/13/q10 motorcycle changes with time.
q120 All external forces on a body cancel out. Which
statement must be correct? A The body does not move. B The
momentum of the body remains unchanged. C The speed of
the body remains unchanged. D The total energy (kinetic and
potential) of the body remains unchanged.
9702/12/M/J/13/q13
q121A lift (elevator) consists of a passenger car supported
by a cable which runs over a light, frictionless pulley to a What is the resultant force
balancing weight. The balancing weight falls as the on the motorcycle? A 50N B 500N C 2500N D 5000N
passenger car rises. 9702/11/M/J/14/q10
q126Two train carriages each of mass 5000kg roll toward one
another on a level track. One is travelling at 2.00ms–1 and the
other at 1.00ms–1, as shown.

Some
masses are shown in the table. No
They collide and join together. What is the kinetic energy lost
during the collision? A 1250J B 7500J C 11250J D 12 500J
9702/12/M/J/14/q7
q127 A resultant force causes a body to accelerate.
What is equal to the resultant force? A the acceleration of the
body per unit mass B the change in kinetic energy of the body
What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the car when per unit time C the change in momentum of the body per unit
carrying just one passenger and when the pulley is free to time D the change in velocity of the body per unit time
rotate? A 0.032ms–2 B 0.32ms–2 C 0.61ms–2 D 0.65ms–2 9702/12/M/J/14/q8
9702/13/M/J/13/q9 Q128 A tractor of mass 1000kg is connected by a tow-bar to a
q122A stationary nucleus has nucleon number A. The nucleus trailer of mass 1000kg. The total resistance to motion has a
decays by emitting a proton with speed v to form a new constant value of 4000N. One quarter of this resistance acts on
nucleus with speed u. The new nucleus and the proton move the trailer. When the tractor and trailer are moving along
away from one another in opposite directions. horizontal ground at a constant speed of 6ms–1,
Which equation gives v in terms of A and u? what is the force exerted on the tractor by the tow-bar?
A 0N B 1000N C 3000N D 4000N 9702/12/M/J/14/q10
Q129A tennis ball is dropped onto a table and bounces back
up. The table exerts a force F on the ball. Which graph best
shows the variation with time t of the force F while the ball is
9702/13/M/J/13 in contact with the

q123Two spheres travel along the same line with

velocities u1 and u2. They collide and after collision their
velocities are v1 and v2.

Which collision is not elastic? 9702/13/M/J/14/q10

q130A resultant force of 10N acts on a body for a time 2.0s.

9702/13/M/J/13/q11
q124 An object of mass 4.0kg moving with a speed of
3.0ms–1 strikes a stationary object in an inelastic collision.
Which statement is correct? A After collision, the total
kinetic energy is 18J. B After collision, the total kinetic
Which graph could show the variation with time t of the
momentum p of the body?

The total mass of

the child and the sledge is m. The acceleration of free fall is g.
What is the friction force F?

9702/13/M/J/14/q11
q131A stationary body explodes into two components of
masses m and 2m.The components gain kinetic energies X and 9702/11/M/J/15/q12
Y respectively. q136 A box of mass 8.0 kg rests on a horizontal rough surface.
A string attached to the box passes over a smooth pulley and
supports a 2.0kg mass at its other end.

When the box is released, a frictional force of 6.0N acts on it.

What is the acceleration of the box? A 1.4ms–2 B 1.7ms–2 C
9702/13/M/J/14/q12 2.0ms–2 D 2.6ms–2 9702/11/M/J/15/q13
q132A ball drops onto a horizontal surface and bounces Q137Which statement is correct? A A ball lands on the
elastically. What happens to the kinetic energy of the ball ground and bounces. The kinetic energychanges sign, because
during the very short time that it is in contact with the surface? the ball changes direction. B A car drives up a slope at a
A Most of the kinetic energy is lost as heat and sound energy. steady speed. The power generated by the engine equals the
B The kinetic energy decreases to zero and then returns to its potential energy gained per unit time. C An electric heater can
original value. C The kinetic energy remains constant because be 100% efficient. D It is impossible for momentum to be
it is an elastic collision. D The kinetic energy remains constant conserved in a collision. 9702/11/M/J/15/q17
in magnitude but changes direction. 9702/13/M/J/14/q18 Q138 A conveyor belt is driven at velocity v by a motor. Sand
Q133 A shot-put champion accelerates a 7.0kg metal ball in a drops vertically on to the belt at a rate of mkgs–1.
straight line. The ball moves from rest to a speed of 12ms–1 in What is the additional power needed to keep the conveyor belt
a distance of 1.2m. What is the average resultant force on the moving at a steady speed when the sand starts to fall on it?
metal ball? A 70N B 210N C 420N D 840N
9702/13/M/J/14/q17
Q134A molecule of mass m travelling at speed v hits a wall in
9702/11/M/J/15/q19
a direction perpendicular to the wall. The collision is elastic.
q139 Newton’s third law of motion is often summarised as
What are the changes in the momentum and in the kinetic
‘Every action (force) has an equal and opposite reaction.’
energy of the molecule caused by the collision?
A book rests on a table. If the weight of the book is the
‘action’ force, what is the ‘reaction’ force?
A the pull of the book on the Earth B the pull of the Earth on
the book C the push of the book on the tableD the push of the
table on the book 9702/12/M/J/15/q13
Q140 Which of the following is a statement of the principle of
conservation of momentum? A Momentum is the product of
mass and velocity. B In an elastic collision, momentum is
9702/11/M/J/ constant. C The momentum of an isolated system is constant.
15/q11 D The force acting on a body is proportional to its rate of
q135 A child on a sledge slides down a hill with acceleration change of momentum. 9702/13/M/J/15/q10
a. The hill makes an angle θ with the horizontal. Q141 A moving object strikes a stationary object. The
collision is inelastic. The objects move off together. Which
row shows the possible values of total momentum and total
kinetic energy for the system before and after the collision?

9702/13/M/J/15/q11
q142 Two balls X and Y are moving towards each other with
speeds of 5ms–1 and 15ms–1 respectively.

They make a perfectly elastic head-on collision and ball Y

moves to the right with a speed of 7ms–1. What is the speed
and direction of ball X after the collision? A 3 ms–1 to the left
B 13ms–1 to the left C 3 ms–1 to the right D 13ms–1 to the
right 9702/13/M/J/15/q12
Q143 A wooden block is freely supported on brackets at a
height of 4.0m above the ground, as shown.

A bullet of mass 5.0g is shot vertically upwards into the

wooden block of mass 95g. It embeds itself in the block. The
impact causes the block to rise above its supporting brackets.
The bullet hits the block with a velocity of 200ms–1. How far
above the ground will the block be at the maximum height of
its path? A 5.1m B 5.6m C 9.1 m D 9.6 m 9702/13/M/J/15/q13