MSA – GSE 011/MAT 151

Engineering Mathematics I

Lecture # 1

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 Instructor and Textbooks
Instructors: Prof. Magd Kahil
Dr. Ahmed Abd El Aal
Course Website: MOODLE http://e-learning.msa.edu.eg/
Prepared by:
Assoc. Prof. Ghada Abdelhady
Textbooks:
 Calculus, Stewart, 6e (main textbook).
 Calculus, Thomas and Finney, 9e.
 Calculus, Smith and Minton, 3e.
 Lecture notes (presentations).

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 Useful Links

 http://www.stewartcalculus.com/media/7_
home.php
 http://www.stewartcalculus.com/data/ESS
ENTIAL%20CALCULUS%20Early%20Tra
nscendentals/upfiles/challenge/ecet_chall
enge_index.pdf
 http://www.stewartcalculus.com/data/ESS
ENTIAL%20CALCULUS%20Early%20Tra
nscendentals/upfiles/ess-
reviewofalgebra.pdf
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Brainstorming
 Engineering need for Mathematics

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 Engineering need for mathematics

modeling
Real world problem Mathematical Model
Design a car… Write the equations
verification

analysis
Predictions interpretation
Explanations Mathematical
Computer code conclusions

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 Learning Outcomes, LO’s
After completing this module, students will be able
to:
1.Identify of fundamentals and basic concepts of many
topics in calculus and recognize various mathematical
techniques and methods used for solving different
mathematical and engineering problems.
2.Recognize a process whereby methods of solving
problems can be employed to achieve effective methods
of solution.
3.Analyze the solutions based on applying different
mathematical approaches and techniques of Calculus.

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 Course main objectives
1. Introduce the basic algebraic and
transcendental functions which are mostly
used in engineering study.
2. Introduce the fundamental concepts of
limits and continuity.
3. Introduce the main concept of the
derivative with more stress on its
engineering applications.
4.Introduce Taylor and Maclurin series.
5.Introduce the functions of Two or
More Variables, Partial Derivatives
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 Course outlines

Engineering
Mathematics 1

Math 151

Limits and Derivative and Real valued

Basic functions continuity its applications Functions
of several variables
2 Lectures 2 Lectures 4 Lectures 2 lectures

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 Engineering Mathematics I
(MAT151), Fall 2023 Weekly
Plan
To download the weekly plan, lecture notes, work sheets and
assignments,
Please, visit the e-learning website: http://e-
learning.msa.edu.eg/

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 Course Assessment
Assessment will be based on homework
assignments, announced quizzes, Midterm
and final exam.
Quizzes + Oral Quizzes: 20% (2 Quizzes)
Assignments : 10% (4 Assignments)
Participation and Portfolio : 10% (Participation 8%+ Portfolio 2%)
Mid-term Exam: 20%
Final Exam: 40%

Total: 100%

Important Notice: 75% of the lectures

and tutorials must be attended.

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MSA – MAT151

Chapter 1
Basic algebraic and
transcendental functions

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Present yourself in one Equation
Name:
Family
Research
Teaching
Hobbies

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 Functions; Domain and Range

Function as a machine :

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The Vertical Line Test for a Function
A function ƒ can have only one value ƒ(x) for each x
in its domain, so no vertical line can intersect the
graph of a function more than once

not a function function function

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 Vertical Line Test

not a function function

a) b)

c) not a function d) not a function

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Functions; Domain and Range
3

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

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 REMEMBER

 Inequalities, Straight Lines,

and Graphs of Simple
Functions
 Types of Functions
1. Polynomials.
2. Square root function “radicals”.
3. Rational function.
4. Absolute value function “Modulus”.
5. Exponential function.
6. Logarithmic function.
7. Trigonometric functions.
8. Hyperbolic functions.

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 Polynomial function (Polynomial)
A function P(x) is called an nth degree polynomial if it is of the
form:
P ( x ) = a n x n + a n − 1 x n − 1 + ... + a1x + ao

Where n is a non-negative integer and the numbers

a0,a1,…,an are real constants called coefficients of the
polynomial.
The domain of any polynomial is the set of all real numbers
ℜ = (-∞, ∞).
The highest power of x appearing in the polynomial is said
to be the degree of the polynomial.

For example: P(x) = 3x 2 − 2x + 4 is a polynomial of

degree 2 (quadratic polynomial).

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 Graphs of some polynomials

Polynomial Polynomial Polynomial of

of degree 3 of degree 4 degree 8. Why?

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 Graphs of Special polynomials

The zero degree polynomial

(the constant function y = k)

Some other basic polynomials

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Shifting Functions

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Example: Vertical Shift Example: Horizontal Shift

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 Example: Sketch in steps: f (x) = x + 2

step1: y= x step2: y = x +2

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 Example : Sketch in steps: y = x−2

step1: y= x step2: y = x−2

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 Example : Sketch in steps: y = x −1 − 2

step1: y= x step2: y = x −1
2.5
3.0

2.5 2.0

2.0
1.5

1.5
1.0
1.0

0.5
0.5

2 4 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

step3: y = x −1 − 2
0.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

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Scaling and Reflecting Functions

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 Reflection across
the y- axis

Example: Reflections

Reflection across
the x- axis

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 Example : Sketch in steps: y = 2 − x −1

step1: y= x step2: y = x −1
2.5
3.0

2.5 2.0

2.0
1.5

1.5
1.0
1.0

0.5
0.5

2 4 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

step3: y = − x −1 step4: y = 2 − x −1
2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0.5 1.5

1.0 1.0

1.5 0.5

2.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

2.5 0.5

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 Example : Sketch in steps: y = 2 − 1− x

step1: y= x step2: y = −x
3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

7
2 4 6 8 10

step3: y = 1− x step4: y = − 1− x
2.5 6 5 4 3 2 1 1

0.5
2.0

1.0
1.5

1.5
1.0

2.0
0.5

2.5
6 5 4 3 2 1 1

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step5: y = 2 − 1− x

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Example: Vertical Scaling Example: Horizontal Scaling

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 The Rational function
The quotient of two polynomials is called a
rational function f(x):
P(
f (x) =

Where P(x) and Q(x) are polynomials.

The domain of the rational function consists of all real

values of x such that Q(x) ≠ 0.

For example, the domain of the rational function

f(x) = (3x2-1)/(x-4) is ℜ - {4} = {x|xєℜ, x ≠ 4}.
P(x) Q(x)
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Graphs of some rational functions

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 Some special rational functions

The graph for y The graph for

= 1/xn y = 1/xn
will have similar will have similar
shape shape
when n is odd when n is even

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 1
Example : Sketch in steps: y=
x −1
+3
1 1
step1: y= step2: y=
x x −1
3
4
2

2
1

3 2 1 1 1 2 3

1
step3: y= +3
x −1
8

1 1 2 3

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 1
Example : Sketch in steps: y= +3
(x −1) 2

1 1
step1: y= 2 step2: y=
x (x −1)2
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8

15
6

10
4

2 5

3 2 1 1 2 3 1

1
step3: y=
( 20

15

10

1 1 2 3

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Challenging problem: Sketch the graph of

1
y= 3
+5
2(1 − x )

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 Absolute of a Function
 If we sketched f (x )

 How to sketch f (x )
 Absolute value transform negative to positive
f (x ) f (x )

 The negative part only in the graph is reflected about x-axis

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Example Sketch in steps: y=

step1: y= step2: y=
4 4

2 3

2
4 2 2 4

4 4

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Example Sketch in steps: y = x − 2 +1

step1: y= step2: y = x−2

4 2.0

3 1.5

2 1.0

1 0.5

4 2 2 4 1 2 3 4

3.0

step3: y = x − 2 +1
2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

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1 2 3 4
Example Sketch in steps: y = x2 −1

step1: y = x2 step2: y = x2 −1
4 3

3 2

2
1

1
2

2 1 1 2

3.0

step3: y = x2 −1 2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

2 1 1 2 45
Try to Sketch in steps and then find domain & range

y = ( x +1)
2
1) y = x2 2)
y = ( x +1 ) + 3
2
3) y = x 2 + 3 4)
5) y = x 2 + 2x +1 6) y = x 2 − 4x + 7
7) y = 2x 2 − 8x +14 8) y = −3x 2 + 6x −1
2 2x − 3
9) y = 10) y=
x−3 x −1
11) y = x −1 −1 12) y= 3
x −1 −1
13) y = 1− x 2 14) y = 12 − 4x − x 2 − 2
2x − 3
15) y = 16) y = x −1 −1
x −1

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Be ready for MCQ on Socrative App, Please, read
the following carefully:
1. Install the “Socrative App for students” on your device (windows, ios or
android).
2. The Room Name is ENGMATH
3. Insert your ID when you are asked to enter your name, otherwise we
will not consider your participation
4. The questions will be run during the lectures or via extra sessions on
ZOOM.

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