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Lecture 2-Part2 Internet Services and WWW

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38 views26 pages

Lecture 2-Part2 Internet Services and WWW

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bebohassan3200
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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CS 4126 : Internet Technology

Lecture-2
Internet Services and WWW - Part 2
Instant Messaging

• The IM services available on the Internet (e.g. ICQ,


AIM, MSN Messenger, Yahoo! Messenger) allow us to
maintain a list of people (contacts) that we interact
with regularly

• We can send an instant messages to any of the


contacts in our list as long as that contact is online
Using Instant Messaging (1)

• Whenever a contact in our list comes online, the IM


client informs us through an alert message and by
playing a sound

• To send an instant message to a contact, just click on


the contact in the IM client, and start typing the
message
Using Instant Messaging (2)

• The selected contact will receive that message almost


immediately after you press ‘Enter’

• When the contact’s IM client receives the message, it


alerts the contact with a blinking message and by
playing a sound
Using Instant Messaging (3)

• That contact then can type a response to the


received message, and send it instantly

• Several such conversations can be carried out


simultaneously, each occupying a separate IM
windows
How instant messaging works?
User launches the IM client

IM Client

Internet

My Computer
IM client finds the IM server & logs in

My Computer IM Server
It sends communication info (IP address, etc) to the
IM server

Temporary File

My Computer IM Server
IM server finds user’s contacts & sends him/her the
communication info for the ones online

My Computer IM Server
IM server also tells the contacts that the user is online;
sends his/her communication info to them

Contact’s
Computer

My Computer IM Server
Now the user’s & the contact’s IM clients are ready to
communicate directly (P2P)

Contact’s
Computer

My Computer IM Server
The IM server doesn’t
play any part in this
P2P communication
As new contact’s come online, IM server informs
them about the user being online & vice versa

Contact
A’s Computer

My Computer IM Server

Contact
B’s Computer
Multiple, simultaneous conversations are possible

Contact
A’s Computer

My Computer IM Server

Contact
B’s Computer
When the user logs-off, his/her IM client informs the IM
server

Contact
A’s Computer

My Computer IM Server

Contact
B’s Computer
IM server erases the temporary file and informs the
user’s contact’s about his/her ‘offline’ status

Contact
A’s Computer

My Computer IM Server

Contact
B’s Computer
Key Point

• Once the IM server provides the communication


info to the user and his/her contact’s IM client, the
two are able to communicate with each other
without the IM server’s assistance

• This server-less connection is termed as a P2P


connection
VoIP: Voice over IP

• Voice delivered from one device to another using


the Internet Protocol

• Voice is first converted into a digital form, is broken


down into packets, and then transmitted over a
TCP/IP network (e.g. Internet)

• Four modes:
– C2C
– C2T
– T2C
– T2T (with a TCP/IP net somewhere in between)
Pros & Cons

Pro
Much cheaper than traditional phone service

Con
Noticeably poor quality of voice as compared
with land-line phone service, but not much
worse than cell phone service
Internet Relay Chat

 IRC (Internet Relay Chat) allows you to talk (write) to


people from all over the world about a variety of
topics, simultaneously and on-line.
 It is mostly used as a recreational communication
system.
 It is again a client-server design.
 The client software allows you to connect to the IRC
server, which accepts connections from many IRC
clients at the same time.
 The various IRC servers across the Internet are
interconnected.
Internet Relay Chat

 There are a number of IRC servers running on the


Internet, some of them are:
irc.netsys.com irc.caltech.edu
irc.indiana.edu csa.bu.edu
irc.nada.kth.se
 When you connect to an IRC server, you will usually
be asked for a port number in addition to the
Internet address.
 Most of the time, this port number is 6667
Bulletin Board Services

• Bulletin board services (BBSs) are electronic


message centers that host specific interest groups.
• A BBS may provide archives of files, personal
electronic mail, and any other services or activities of
interest to the bulletin board’s system operator.
• Bulletin boards are a particularly good place to find
free or inexpensive software products.
• Messages on BBSs are typically categorized by topics,
and any user can submit or read any message.
Navigational Tools, Search Engines, and
Directories
• Navigational tools
– Used to travel from site-to-site or to “surf” the Internet
• Search engines
– Give you an easy way to look up information and resources
on the Internet
• Directories
– Indexes of information based on keywords in documents
– Make it possible for search engines to find what you’re
looking for
Navigational Tools
• Graphical Web browsers
– Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE), Mozilla Firefox, Google
Chrome, and Apple Safari
– Menu options
– View browsing history
– Bookmarking
– Setting viewing preferences
Search Engines
• Search engine
– Google.com or Ask.com
– Information system that enables users to retrieve data
from the Web by searching for information using search
terms
• Three-step process
– Crawling the Web
– Indexing
– The search process
Directories
• Directories
– Organize information into categories
– Types:
• Automated (crawler-based)
• Human powered
• A new search platform from Microsoft
– Bing.com
– “Decision engine”

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